Egg size and its relationship with fecundity,newborn length and female size in Cuban poeciliid fishes (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes)

Abstract – This study describes the relationship between egg size (ES) and brood size (BS), newborn length (NL) and female total length (FTL) in ten species of Cuban poeciliids. Variability and the level of association among variables are analysed and comparisons of ES among species established. Egg size has the lowest variability among the analysed variables and in most species is not correlated with BS, when the effect of FTL is controlled. Cuban poeciliids, thought to be primarily lecithotrophic, can be separated in two groups according to ES, NL and BS relative to FTL. One such group inhabits mountain streams and produces large eggs and small broods. The other group is distributed in lowland wetlands and produces small eggs and large broods. In Cuban poeciliids, ES and NL are highly correlated, which suggests adaptive value for ES.     

浙江海洋鱼类种类组成、区系分布及资源特征研究

经近10年的实地采集,结合相关文献查阅,总结出浙江海域鱼类共734种,分属于3个纲、42目、220科、488个属。本文在重点分析了浙江海域鱼类水平分布区系特点,并根据资源特征,将其划分为记录种、罕见种、少见种、习见种及优势种,并对习见种及优势种进行了现状分析。     

四川鱼类分布的模糊聚类分析

应用模糊聚类法对四川鱼类分布进行了研究.结果表明,四川鱼类分布在λ=0.8000时,可分为8类:长江、岷江、金沙江、嘉陵江、乌江、大渡河、青衣江为一类;涪江、渠江、沱江、雅砻江、黄河、酉水、任河各为一类.当λ=0.7500时,可分为4类:黄河、酉水、任河各为一类,长江、岷江、金沙江、嘉陵江、乌江、大渡河、青衣江、涪江、渠江、沱江、雅砻江合为一类.     

Mitochondrial DNA sequence analyses in Bornean sucker fishes (Balitoridae: Teleostei: Gastromyzontinae)

Phylogenetic relationships among Bornean sucker fishes (Teleostei: Balitoridae: Gastromyzontinae) were investigated by comparing cytochrome b gene sequences from eight species. The results were in general agreement with previous morphology‐based studies. It was found that the genera Gastromyzon and Neogastromyzon are both monophyletic and that the Chinese homalopterid Crossostoma lacustre (Homalopterinae) is not related to the Bornean species. This molecular‐level study of cytochrome b gene variation in Bornean gastromyzontins will undoubtedly help to shed light on the molecular systematics of this unique freshwater fish.     

活鱼提升机电器控制电路的设计

本文介绍了真空静压活鱼提升设备中自动化电器控制的设计,叙述了实现自动控制的功能要求,电路设计,工作原理和部件的选择,并根据试验找出了产生问题的原因和解决方法。     

Using occupancy and species distribution models to assess the conservation status and habitat use of the goldline darter (Percina aurolineata) in Georgia,USA

The goldline darter (Percina aurolineata) is threatened by recent increases in urbanisation in the Coosawattee River watershed, but no studies have addressed their current status. Similarly, limited data on habitat use make it difficult to understand factors that may impact this species. We compared occurrence data before (1996–2000) and after (2009–2011) a period of rapid development and population growth within the watershed. Single‐season occupancy models were built to account for imperfect species detection and to identify habitat covariates. MaxEnt was used to identify important stream reaches for conservation and to understand landscape scale factors correlated with the distribution of goldline darters. Our results indicate a high proportion of sites occupied upstream of Carters Lake during the historic and recent time periods, with no evidence of decline. However, occurrences of goldline darters for sites in Talking Rock Creek and the lower Coosawattee River were sparse in the historic period and absent during the recent period. The probability of detecting goldline darters is low and was positively associated with the occurrence of small substrate. Species distribution models were strongly influenced by watershed area and elevation and indicated a high probability of suitable habitat within the Coosawattee River and large tributaries upstream of Carters Lake. While goldline darter occupancy is currently stable upstream of Carters Lake, continued urbanisation is a threat to long‐term persistence. We recommend additional monitoring and describe a protocol that allows for precise estimates of species occupancy while minimising the risk of sampling‐related mortality.     

几种淡水小型鱼类吞食粘性鱼卵的初步观察

通过在室内进行８种淡水小型鱼类吞食鱼卵的试验观察表明：小型鱼吞食鱼卵带有普遍性，吞食强度依次为宽鳍、麦穗鱼、马口鱼、虎鱼、棒花鱼、鱼旁鱼皮、银鱼句、，其中７种鱼具有昼夜摄食节律，高峰期各异，但每天皆有１６ｈ的停食期．由此可见，小型鱼类通过摄食鱼卵，对能够在湖泊水库中自然繁殖的经济鱼类及凶猛鱼类的种群具有一定调控作用，对公鱼等孵化期较长的鱼类移植效果产生不良影响     

鱼类脲酶比活力研究

通过对鲤、团头鲂、鲫、草鱼、乌鳢、革胡子鲶、黄鳝、鲢和鳙9种食性不同的鱼的脲酶比活力进行比较，结果显示：食性与脲酶比活力存在一定的相关性。草食性与滤食性的草鱼和鲢、鳙脲酶比活力明显高于其他几种鱼，肉食性与杂食性鱼脲酶比活力明显要低。9种鱼脲酶主要分布在前肠和中肠，后肠脲酶比活力很低，与前、中肠相比存在显著差异。     

湖南省鱼类寄生虫及其病原区系调查研究

1989～1992年,对湖南省的鱼类寄生虫及其病原区系进行了调查研究.在84种鱼类中(分属7目15科),发现鞭毛虫3科4属6种;孢子虫1科1属5种;粘孢子虫6科8属56种;纤毛虫7科8属24种;单殖吸虫5科13属86种;复殖吸虫14科20属32种;绦虫5科7属9种;线虫10科15属18种;棘头虫5科8属9种;蛭类1科1属1种;瓣鳃类1科1属1种;甲壳类3科8属21种.在268种寄生虫中,有18种待进一步鉴定的新种,并发现10个虫种的新寄主;有184种为湖南省的新纪录.全部寄生虫都绘有插图和种的简要记述.对鱼类危害比较严重,能引起鱼病的寄生虫,在相应部分作了有关的说明.     

中国胆毒鱼类的研究

在我国民间想念吞服鱼胆可治目疾，然而因吞服鱼胆面 引起的中毒，危害身体健康事件时有发生，自1964-1999年的35年中，据不完全统计吞服有毒鱼胆而中毒的人类达451人，其中死亡达83人，死亡率为18.04%，本文主要叙述鱼胆中毒的概况，胆汁有毒成分（鲤醇），动物实验，中毒症状及治疗，经动物实验及多年的调研共发现12种淡水鱼类的胆汁有毒，它们均是鲤科鱼类，从理论上阐明吞服任何鲤科鱼类的鱼胆均是危险的。