Interactions of microorganisms isolated from gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata L., on Vibrio harveyi, a pathogen of farmed Senegalese sole, Solea senegalensis (Kaup)

Four bacterial isolates from farmed gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata, included in a previous study as members of the Vibrionaceae and Pseudomonodaceae and the genus Micrococcus, have been evaluated for their adhesive ability to skin and intestinal mucus of farmed Senegalese sole, Solea senegalensis, and their antagonistic effect on Vibrio harveyi, a pathogen of sole. These isolates showed higher adhesion to sole mucus than the pathogenic strains of V. harveyi assayed. Only two of the isolates showed antagonistic activity to V. harveyi. Interactions of the four isolates with V. harveyi in respect of adhesion to skin and intestinal mucus under exclusion, competition and displacement conditions were studied. Three isolates were able to reduce the attachment to skin and intestinal sole mucus of a pathogenic strain of V. harveyi under displacement and exclusion conditions, but not under competition conditions. The in vivo probiotic potential of isolate Pdp11 was assessed by oral administration followed by challenge with the pathogenic V. harveyi strain Lg14/00. A group of 50 Senegalese sole received a commercial diet supplemented with 10(8) cfu g(-1) of lyophilized Lg14/00 for 15 days. A second group of fish received a non-supplemented commercial diet. After challenge the mortality of the fish receiving the diet supplemented with the potential probiotic isolate was significantly lower than that in the fish receiving the non-supplemented commercial diet. This study has shown that the ability to interfere with attachment of pathogens, as well as the adhesion to host surfaces, are suitable criteria for selection of candidate probiotics for use in the culture of Senegalese sole.     

玉米/木薯淀粉基竹炭成型燃料的品质特性

为制备便于贮存、运输以及使用性能较佳的生物质炭成型燃料,采用玉米和木薯两种改性淀粉胶粘剂,试验研究了胶粘剂用量对竹炭成型燃料抗压强度、抗跌碎强度、热值和灰分等品质特性指标的影响。结果表明：当淀粉胶粘剂用量在10%～30%范围内变化时,竹炭成型燃料的抗压强度、抗跌碎强度提高,胶粘剂用量对其增强作用显著,对热值和灰分的影响非常小;在相同胶粘剂比例条件下,木薯淀粉基竹炭成型块的抗压、抗跌碎强度优于玉米淀粉基竹炭成型块。综合考虑,选用木薯淀粉胶粘剂比例25%制出的炭成型燃料品质相对较佳。     

PUF树脂胶粘剂及其在竹帘胶合板上应用的研究

以竹胶合板用酚醛树脂合成工艺为基础，按不同的尿素与苯酚摩尔比．合成一系列苯酚-尿素-甲醛共聚型树脂胶粘剂（PUF），并用该系列胶粘剂难制竹帘胶合板．通过对竹帘胶合板进行性能检测和检测结果分析．表明随尿素与苯酚摩尔比的增加，竹帘胶合板的力学性能总体呈下降趋势，但对静曲强度、弹性模量和冲击强度的影响不显著，对保存强度有很大的影响，将尿素与苯酚的摩尔比控制在0．5以下时．产品可以达到国家相关标准的要求．     

单宁和纳米SiO2改性大豆基胶黏剂的制备及其性能

为制备无甲醛的环保型生物基木材胶黏剂,以单宁和纳米SiO₂改性脱脂豆粉制备大豆基胶黏剂（DSF）,并分析了改性大豆基胶黏剂的性能。研究结果显示：单宁和纳米SiO₂二元复合改性大豆基胶黏剂（DSF-T-SiO₂）在固化过程中能够形成稳定的交联结构;TG分析表明单宁和SiO₂改性显著提高了胶黏剂的热稳定性;单宁改性大豆基胶黏剂（DSF-T）可提高干态和湿态胶合性能,纳米SiO₂改性大豆基胶黏剂（DSF-SiO₂）的干态胶合性能略有提高,但湿态胶合性能无明显改善。经分析以25 g脱脂豆粉、 5 g单宁、 0.1 g纳米SiO₂和70 g去离子水混合均匀搅拌得到的改性胶黏剂DSF-T-SiO₂-2的起始黏度比未改性的DSF降低了79.58%;DSF-T-SiO₂-2的固化胶层水溶解率为（27.5±0.05）%,比对照组DSF下降了28.4个百分点。此外,DSF-T-SiO₂-2...     

花生壳全粉碱法制胶的初步研究

本文用１００％花生壳经碱法工艺制成胶液（ＰＳＡ），加入３０％～５０％的增强剂（ＰＦ）作Ⅰ类胶合板用胶粘剂，胶合强度达到ＧＢ９８４６．４－８８标准．同时对ＰＳＡ配方、ＰＦ用量及热压工艺进行了探讨．     

包衣基质和驱鸟鼠剂对外生菌根菌的抑制作用

本实验采用琼脂平板测定法测定了包衣处理中的粘着剂、包衣材料和驱鸟鼠剂对四种外生菌根菌的抑制作用,同时采用常规发芽试验测试了这些试剂对种子发芽的影响。筛选出了一些对菌根菌无抑制作用,对种子发芽无影响的试剂,这些试剂可与外生菌根菌一同包衣林木种子用于飞播造林。     

改性淀粉胶粘剂在胶合板生产中的应用

通过对淀粉胶粘剂应用于胶合板生产中的关键技术问题进行分析,提出解决方案;探讨制胶中各单因素对改性淀粉胶粘剂粘度的影响;并采用正交试验法确定改性淀粉胶粘剂生产胶合板的最佳热压工艺     

柠条、花棒、杨柴材的pH值、缓冲容量及其对脲醛树脂胶固化时间的影响

本文实测了内蒙古伊盟地区产沙生灌木柠条、花棒、杨柴材的pH值.酸碱缓冲容量,并就脲醛树脂胶固化时间等指标,从理论上分析三种灌木材的酸碱性质对胶合性能的影响。结果表明,三种灌木材均呈弱酸性,pH值为5.88～6.01,酸性接近。三种灌木材总缓冲容量范围为0.326～0.394mmol,其中酸缓冲容量为0.018～0.031mmol,碱缓冲容量为0.295～0.376mmol。脲醛树脂胶的固化时间随着三种灌木材的pH值和碱缓冲容量的增加而增长。     

稻壳/大豆蛋白基黏合剂成型育苗钵性能评价及成因分析

以稻壳为原材料, 采用大豆蛋白基黏合剂捏合成型制备育苗钵, 研究了稻壳育苗钵的耐水特性;通过育苗试验研究了育苗钵对黄瓜的生物学效应, 并分析了育苗钵育苗周期与拉伸强度间的相关性。结果表明:育苗钵最大平衡吸水率及厚度膨胀率分别为26.78%和10.73%,具有较好的耐水特性;育苗钵经干湿热循环处理后拉伸强度最大降幅约50%(P<0.05).生物学效应试验表明, 育苗钵高浓度浸提液对黄瓜发芽率影响显着, 低浓度浸提液对种子发芽率有一定的促进效应;育苗效果试验验证育苗钵对黄瓜生长长势有促进作用。以干湿热循环处理后拉伸强度为自变量, 育苗钵育苗周期为因变量, 建立了相关模型y=-0.35X²+9.43X-5.85(R²=0.947 3).该育苗钵具有适宜的耐水性和强度, 育苗效果良好, 是一种理想的育苗器具, 可应用于作物的育苗。     

落叶松树皮热解油替代部分苯酚合成酚醛树脂胶的研究

为降低酚醛树脂胶(PF)生产成本,提高木材废弃物利用率,利用落叶松树皮热解油部分替代苯酚合成PF胶,探讨其用量对PF树脂胶性能的影响,并进行成本分析.结果表明:落叶松树皮热解油-PF胶具有良好的胶合性能,制备的胶合板可满足GB/T 9846.3-2004中Ⅰ类胶合板的强度要求,且生产成本降低.