烟草品种RAPD分子标记多态性与品种鉴定

用235个引物对来源于中国，美国等国的23个烤烟和地方晒晾烟品种基因组进行了RAPD分子标记分析。结果表明：235个不同的随机引物中有25个（占10．64％）可以扩增出至少在两个品种间表现多态性的产物，利用其中16个引物扩增出128条带，其中46条品种间具有多态性。建议将RAPD技术应用于烟草品种鉴定。     

新引进澳大利亚小麦品种农艺和品质性状的分析

通过对澳大利亚引进的小麦品种的试验和分析，结果表明这批新引进的澳大利亚小麦材料总体上表现矮秆、蛋白值含量和沉淀值高 ，粉质特性较好且材料间呈现较大的变异。Barunga,Frame,Silverstar三个材料的蛋白质含量、沉淀值和稳定时间等方面均达到了国家标准规定的优质麦的指标。4个农艺性状除株高与千粒重有显著的负相关外，其它均未达到显著水平；8个品质性状间的相关分析除吸水率相关均不显著外，其它几个性状间有一个或几个达到显著或极显著水平。     

四个环渤海湾产区主栽软肉型品种葡萄规范性贮藏保鲜技术

介绍巨峰(Kyoho)、玫瑰香(Muscat Hambury)、龙眼(Longyan)和泽香(Zexiang)四个环渤海湾产区主栽软肉型品种葡萄的果穗果实特征特性及贮运特征特性,提出这四个品种葡萄的规范性贮藏工艺技术和独特保鲜技术,旨在为我国环渤海湾产区主栽软肉型品种葡萄的产业化贮藏保鲜提供技术支持。     

三峡地区10个玉米地方品种的遗传潜势

采用ＣＮⅡ遗传交配设计，评估了１４份玉米材料（１０个三峡地区地方品种和４个外源种质）的遗传潜势，结果表明：三峡地区１０个地方品种间遗传变异丰富，１０个数量性状的一般配合力在各个地方品种间存在差异。兰花早、小麦黄、竹溪玉米、巫溪玉米１４等品种其产量及产量构成因子的一般配合力效应较好；ＢＳＳＳＣ９、墨黄九２个外源种质综合性状好，配合力高，是优良的外源种质。基于地方品种与４个外源种质在杂交产量及产量的特     

甘蓝型化学杀雄杂交油菜品种秦优33种子纯度的SSR鉴定

为了准确、稳定、高效的鉴定杂交油菜纯度,本研究在简单重复序列(SSR)琼脂糖电泳高效标准分析技术体系基础上,通过对479对引物筛选,获得扩增效果好、条带清晰稳定、可将化学杀雄杂交油菜品种秦优33及其亲本系三者皆可有效区别的SSR引物3对.利用其中的SA332引物对三者的高纯单株分别进行了单株验证,结果表明,三者的SSR单株图谱表现与各自的标准图谱的一致性对应率极高,分别达到了98％、99.33％和96.67％.同时利用SA332和SA85两对引物对秦优33生产商品种种子进行了实用化检测,并和大田形态结果进行了一一定株吻合率比对,结果显示,两对引物与大田的单株吻合率皆能达到96％以上,最高可达98.67％;两引物之间在两样品上的一致性偏差比较仅为0.67％和2.67％; 150株室内较小检验群体和大田300株以上较大考察群体的纯度偏差仅为-2.19％到3.76％.研究结果表明,室内SSR的鉴定结果和大田种子纯度的实际表现基本一致,可用于油菜杂种纯度的鉴定.     

Cities and biodiversity: Perspectives and governance challenges for implementing the convention on biological diversity (CBD) at the city level

City governments are fundamental to implement international environmental agreements, such as the convention on biological diversity (CBD). Even though many of them are not directly involved in the negotiation of international agreements, which are signed by national governments, most of those agreements are in fact implemented at the city level. The importance of city governance to tackle the challenges of biodiversity loss has increased as urban population has grown enormously in the last decades, particularly in developing countries. The way cities are designed, planned and governed influences the magnitude of their direct and indirect impacts on biodiversity.This paper analyzes the relationship between cities, local governance and biodiversity. Initially, we examine the relationships between cities and biodiversity by looking at the major influences cities have on biodiversity loss or conservation within and outside the city boundaries, as well as the benefits of biodiversity conservation to cities, such as the provision of ecosystem services. The paper then moves to understand what are the main urban processes and governance mechanisms that can be improved to make cities effective to implement the directives of the CBD.Urbanization creates new challenges for biodiversity conservation. As a large part of the world’s population moves from rural to urban areas, there are changes in the link between human activities and biodiversity, and consequently to the way we should think biodiversity conservation policies. However, scarce attention has been given to understand how to make cities more biodiversity friendly, both within the urban fabric, but particularly in faraway places.     

“十一五”我国大白菜遗传育种研究进展

“十一五”期间,在国家科技支撑计划、国家“863”计划、农业部“948”项目、大宗蔬菜产业技术体系等项目的资助下,我国大白菜遗传育种取得了显著成绩,本文从大白菜育种材料的多样性和创新性、育种技术及机理研究、分子生物学研究、小孢子培养技术体系完善、新品种选育等方面综述了过去5 a间取得的最新进展和研究成果,并分析了存在的问题,对未来工作进行了展望。     

加工番茄果实糖分含量的变化

以加工番茄为试材对番茄果实不同发育阶段各果穗的葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖含量变化进行测定。结果表明:在番茄果实不同生育期、不同果穗的糖含量不同,各果穗的葡萄糖和果糖在绿熟期含量最低,至果实成熟期含量达到最高,蔗糖含量在绿熟期至转色期时一直增大然后慢慢下降;同一果穗糖分的组成果糖最高,葡萄糖次之,蔗糖最少;不同品种的加工番茄在不同生育时期果实糖含量变化有所不同。     

不同葡萄品种臭氧保鲜试验初报

以"意大利"、"红提"、"克瑞森"3个葡萄品种为试材,采用保鲜袋+纸箱、无保鲜袋+泡沫箱、保鲜膜+塑料盒3个处理,研究不同浓度臭氧对葡萄保鲜效果的影响。结果表明:"红提"葡萄入库前用60mg/kg的臭氧浓度处理,以保鲜袋+纸箱包装,放入0℃左右保鲜库中,保鲜时间可达150d,其余品种效果一般。     

四个苹果新品种果园土壤培肥与节水技术操作规程

总结了4个早熟苹果新品种“七月鲜”、“绿帅”、“凉香”、“昂林”果园土壤培肥与节水技术,初步制定出了“七月鲜”、“绿帅”、“凉香”、“昂林”苹果果园土壤培肥与节水技术操作规程(SOP),为早熟苹果新品种产业化生产提出了地方行业标准.