樱桃果实贮藏研究

对樱桃(Prunus pseudocerasus)果实贮藏处理表明,简易自发气调(MA)冷藏35天,好果率为74.27%～94.61%,且无霉烂、褐变、软化和保持果实新鲜度。其最佳贮藏期为28天.其中,SP 膜剂+薄膜包装处理效果最佳。此外,还对樱桃贮藏期间营养成分的变化和 POD、CAT、电导率等生理指标作了相关性测定.     

树形对油桃幼树光截获能力和结果的影响

【目的】研究设施栽培中树形对幼树光截获能力和生长结果的影响。【方法】以一、二年生油桃沪油004为试材，设计4种树形、在生长季节用不同浓度梯度的多效唑树冠叶面喷施处理的方法。【结果】（1）树形对冠层消光系数(K)的影响表现为主干形＞Y形＞开心形＞十字形，十字形和开心形叶面积指数(LAI)之间无明显差异，但都稍高于主干形而极显著大于Y形;冠层光直接辐射透过系数(Tr)和光散射辐射透过系数(TDP)的大小表现为Y形＞开心形＞十字形＞主干形。（2）多效唑处理后，幼树单株平均果实数和平均单果重均表现为主干形多于Y形，而每667m2平均产量则以主干形较高。【结论】设施栽培中采用主干形，树冠形成早期光截获能力较高。多效唑对不同树形的生长结果均产生一定的影响。     

Improving ‘Bing’ sweet cherry fruit quality with plant growth regulators

Final fruit diameter is the prime determinant of sweet cherry fruit value. Previous research has shown that mesocarp cell size accounts predominantly for variability in final fruit size, within a genotype. Our research program evaluated the potential to improve sweet cherry fruit size/weight with growth regulators to affect cell division and/or cell expansion stages. In the current study we screened 8 plant growth regulators (PGRs), including cytokinins, gibberellins, and auxins, and their combinations for their ability to increase ‘Bing’ fruit weight. Each PGR was mixed in lanolin paste and applied to fruit pedicels at 9 or 30 days after full bloom (DAFB), to coincide with estimated peak in cell division and cell expansion activity, respectively. Several cytokinins applied 30 DAFB improved fruit weight significantly (ca. +15%) with N-(2-Chloro-4-pyridyl)-N′-phenylurea (CPPU) and 6-(3-hydroxybenzylamino) purine (mt-Topolin) at 100 mg l⁻¹ being the most effective. Gibberellins, applied alone, improved fruit size and delayed fruit maturation and exocarp coloration. GA₃ at 200 mg l⁻¹ applied at 9 DAFB was the most effective and improved final fruit weight by 15%. Fifty-six percent of the fruit from this treatment were ≥9 g compared to 15% of similar weight fruit from untreated limbs. Both GA₃ and GA_4/7 treatments applied 9 DAFB increased fruit radial expansion. 4-Chlorophenoxyacetic acid, a synthetic auxin, also stimulated higher fruit growth rates at stage I and stage II, and fruit color development, but did not improve final fruit size.     

紫叶稠李叶片离体培养再生植株

以紫叶稠李为试材,采用组织培养方法,研究不同激素对其试管苗不定芽诱导、不定芽生根及成苗影响。结果表明:叶片切块可诱导产生大量的不定芽,MS附加0.5mg/L BA和0.01mg/L NAA的培养基不定芽诱导率为50.1%;利用植物激素0.5mg/L BA,0.5mg/LNAA,0.5mg/L KT和0.2mg/L IBA的组合,不定芽可多次继代培养增殖;不定芽在附加0.4mg/L IBA的MS培养基上生根,生根率为67%。该试验结果说明,紫叶稠李试管苗叶片可作为外植体离体培养获得再生植株,BA是主要的调控植物激素,IBA对生根有一定促进作用。     

紫叶矮樱不同基质育苗比较试验

以炉渣、锯末、菇渣废料、鸡粪、羊粪、田园土分别按照不同体积比配制9种供试基质,对紫叶矮樱进行处理,研究不同基质养分对紫叶矮樱苗木株高及成品苗质量的影响.结果表明:G6基质(田园土∶炉渣∶菇渣废料∶鸡粪=6∶3∶0.5∶0.5)为最佳栽培基质.     

三华李橘小实蝇诱杀试验初报

测定了90% “盛唐”饵剂、3% “稳粘”诱粘剂、0.02%多杀霉素饵剂3种食物诱剂和性诱剂不同处理方式对橘小实蝇的诱虫和防治效果。试验结果表明,90% “盛唐”饵剂、3% “稳粘”诱粘剂、0.02%多杀霉素饵剂、性诱剂及对照诱杀橘小实蝇雌虫比率分别为39.7%、36.2%、22.9%、0%、1.2%; 90% “盛唐”饵剂、3% “稳粘”诱粘剂、0.02%多杀霉素饵剂对橘小实蝇相对防治效果分别为87.50%、69.17%、43.33%、25.83%;“盛唐”食物诱剂能较好地控制橘小实蝇的为害。     

杏花蜜腺的超微结构研究

为了解杏花蜜腺的超微结构特点,采用光学和电子显微技术对露冠期杏花蕾的蜜腺进行研究。结果表明,（1）蜜腺表面特化形成脊状突起,突起之间成为洞状和池状凹陷,蜜腺表面脊状突起图案与细胞壁突起图案一致。（2）蜜腺产蜜细胞的质体分化成有色体,有色体首先积累质体小球,质体小球再转化成结晶体。推测有色体内贮藏物质开始以脂类和类胡萝卜...     

欧李多功能经济生态效果及推广模式研究

对欧李栽培产生的多重效果、果实综合利用及推广模式进行考察研究,探讨欧李在种植、果实利用方面的多功能性,建立多种推广模式,实现欧李产业的发展。     

Characterization of Promising Apricot (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Prunus armeniaca</Emphasis> L.) Genetic Resources in Malatya,Turkey

The study here was conducted on nearly 12,000 apricot seedlings in the Malatya Region in the Eastern part of Turkey. This region is famous for its horticulture based mainly on apricot production and the Country's highest apricot production originates from this region. The flower and fruit characteristics of all populations, which include apricot seedlings, in the region were evaluated. Based on their horticultural performances, 13 genotypes were selected, of which seven were considered as apricots served in dried form and six as in table consumption form. Among the selected genotypes, the fruit weight ranged between 28.5 and 71.19 g, soluble solids ranged between 12.7 and 26.5%, while the range in total acidity was between 0.35 and 1.80% and fruit development period was between 87 and 183 days. To determine the selected genotypes performance in a similar environment, they were grafted on to 4-year-old rootstocks. The results from these combinations showed that there was some decrease, especially in fruit size and soluble solids, in the genotypes performance when compared to the results of the initial observations. Some differences were also detected in taste, fruit shape, pit shape, fruit flesh firmness, skin and flesh colors. The dry fruit yield was determined as 22.50–28.36% for the selected dry apricot genotypes. The dry fruit yield of all seven genotypes considered for dry consumption were similar to ‘Hacıhaliloğlu’ and higher than ‘Canino’, which were evaluated as control cultivars.     

近150年北京春季物候对气候变化的响应

对北京春季6种物候的计算得出其代表性指标一山桃始花期，并分析物候对气温变化的响应模式。根据气温变化态势，将历史时期气温和物候资料划分为4个时间段，并采用u检验论证时间段间具有显著性差异，分析物候期对气温变化的响应模式和机制，得出：物候期的提前与推迟对温度的增高与降低的响应是非线性的，在同等增、降温幅度下，因降温而导致的物候期推迟幅度较因增温而导致物候期提前幅度小；平均气温增高1℃，北京春季物候期提前2．8—3．6d。并估算了未来北京春季物候变化趋势。