A comparative analysis of the genetic diversity between inbred lines of Zinnia elegans using morphological traits and RAPD and ISSR markers

Genetic diversity within Zinnia elegans is key to the genetic improvement of this important ornamental species. Here, morphological traits and RAPD and ISSR molecular markers were used to assess levels of polymorphism across 20 inbred lines. Thirty-four morphological traits were scored and also 147 RAPD marker-fragments, as amplified by 12 arbitrary primers, and 128 ISSR marker-fragments as generated by 9 primers. The number of polymorphic loci, the percentage of polymorphic loci, Shannon's Information index (I) and the effective number of alleles (Ne) were calculated from the RAPD data as 100, 68.03%, 0.3559 and 1.4169, respectively. From the ISSR data, these respective statistics were calculated as 97, 76.38%, 0.4013 and 1.4728. Thus, ISSR markers were considered slightly superior to RAPD markers for assessing genetic diversity between the accessions; however, Mantel's test indicated significant correlation (R = 0.733) of the RAPD and ISSR results. By contrast, the morphological matrix showed low correlation with both RAPD and ISSR data matrices (R = 0.3814 and 0.3765, respectively). Cluster analysis showed that groupings of the accessions according to all three methods correlated well with their geographic region of origin, but flower color was not strongly associated with the genetic classification of these inbred lines of Z. elegans.     

多元线性回归中控制问题求解方法的探讨

从标准线性回归方程出发,首先确定标准化因变量回归值的控制区间,然后找出一个ｍ元一次不完全方程的解集合,根据回归方程的特定意义,在该解集合中求得满足标准回归方程控制问题的子集合,最后应用标准回归方程与一般回归方程的关系,求出一般线性回归控制问题解的子集合及计算公式,经实例验证符合要求。     

非切向可接近区域中的加权Carleman不等式

调ω为Ω中的调和测度,μ为Ω上的正则Ｂｏｒｅｌ测度。本文中,我们在区域Ω为非切向可接近的条件下证明了加权Ｃａｒｌｅｍａｎ不等式。对任一个ｌｏｇｆ（ｘ）吓调和的函数ｆ成立当且仅当μ（Ｂ（ａ,ｒ）∩Ω≤（ω（Ｂ（ａ,ｒ）∩Ω））＾ａ,Ａ↓α∈δΩ,ｒ〉０。我们的结论表明这一问题与推广了Ｃａｒｌｅｓｏｎ测度有内在的联系。     

无界区域中的Carleman不等式

利用单边Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ变换的Ｐａｌｅｙ－Ｗｉｅｎｅｒ定理证明了在上半平面Ｃａｒｌｅｍａｎ不等式也是成立的。     

Is it possible to differentiate between environmental and fishery effects on abundance‐biomass variation? A case study of blackspot seabream (Pagellus bogaraveo) in the Strait of Gibraltar

We assessed the potential for simulation and modelling of the blackspot seabream (Pagellus bogaraveo) population in the Strait of Gibraltar to discriminate the environmental effects of fishery impacts. A discrete biomass–abundance dynamic model was implemented to obtain a simulated monthly time series of blackspot seabream biomass. On this simulated time series, autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models were fitted. The best ARIMA fit provided a significant correlation of 0.76 and persistence index higher than 0.85. The proportion of variance non‐explained by the ARIMA models was correlated with a time series of sea surface temperature (SST) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The analysis of global, annual and winter correlation between the proportion of variance not explained by the ARIMA models and environmental variables showed that significant associations were not detected over the full time series. Our analysis therefore suggests that overexploitation is the main factor responsible for the commercial depletion of blackspot seabream in the Strait of Gibraltar.     

温度、投饵频次对海蜇碟状体生长的影响

实验室条件下,就温度和投饵频次对海蜇碟状体生长过程(伞径生长及活动灵敏度)的影响进行了研究。温度设置为17、21、25℃,投饵频次设置为0.5、1、2、3、4次/d,进行交叉实验。结果表明,温度、投饵频次对碟状体伞径生长的影响均十分显著,且二者的交互作用明显。温度、投饵频次与海蜇碟状体生长之间均存在正相关关系,但各温度下当饵料频次达到一定程度时,投饵频次的增加未对碟状体的平均日生长率产生差异,17℃时每天投饵1次,21℃、25℃时每天投饵2次即能满足碟状体正常生长发育的需求。温度、投饵频次对碟状体的收缩率影响均十分显著,二者的交互作用也很明显。温度与碟状体的收缩率之间成正相关关系,17~21℃时Q10值为2.74,21~25℃时Q10值为1.53,随温度的升高其灵敏度降低。综合本实验条件下的观察结果发现:饵料丰富(即投饵频次相对较高)时,高温(21~25℃)有利于碟状体的生长;饵料不足(即投饵频次相对较低)时,低温(17℃)也有利于碟状体的生长。     

早杂籼稻糙米代替玉米日粮对肉鸡增重效果的研究

选择同来源出壳１日龄的爱拨益加肉用雏鸡４４０只,随机分为４组,每组１１０只。１组为玉米日粮组,２、３、４组依次以糙米取代日糖中玉米５０％、７０％、１００％。采用对比饲养试验,试验期４５ｄ。试验结果：１、２、３和４组鸡试期末平均体重分别为１．９８０、２．０６７、２．２０６和２．３２５ｋｇ;日增重依次为４２．７、４４．７、４７．８和５０．４ｇ;与对照（１）组比较,２,３和４组日增重依次提高４．７％、１     

VARIATION OF LOCALLY LIPSCHITZ FUNCTION ON FINSLER MANIFOLD

In this paper, we generalize the generalized gradient of clarke on Banach manifold to the case of Finsler manifold and discuss the variational property of corresponding locally Lipschitz function, such as pseudo-gradient vector field, deformation lemma and Morse inequality.     

水轮机活动导叶端面间隙磨蚀特性数值模拟

为了研究水轮机活动导叶端面间隙固液两相流动的规律,以及间隙上下表面的磨损情况,基于Fluent软件的RNG k-ε湍流模型和DPM模型,结合水轮机活动导叶端面间隙流的简化模型(圆柱绕流和后台阶流),数值模拟了不同进口速度下,沙粒体积分数分别为1%,5%,7%,10%以及沙粒粒径分别为0.020,0.050,0.075,0.100 mm时,活动导叶端面间隙的三维非稳态流动.通过定常数值模拟得到不同工况下间隙上下表面的平均磨损率分布,分析磨蚀规律和磨蚀位置.结果表明:流场中平均磨损率分布受间隙流模型的结构和两相流参数设置影响较大.随着进口速度和沙粒体积分数增大,间隙流模型上下表面平均磨损率增大,磨损主要集中在轴前、台阶下游再附点位置以及间隙流出口处,最大平均磨损率约为2.0×10^-6 kg/(m²·s).随着沙粒粒径增大,由于惯性力作用,模型上下表面平均磨损率减小;在沙粒粒径小于0.020 mm时,磨损情况相比其他粒径更严重,最大平均磨损率约为0.100 mm时的2倍.