肺炎克雷伯氏菌强毒株的分离鉴定及16-23SrRNAITS序列分析

为确诊疑似仔猪肺炎克雷伯氏菌(K.pneumonia)感染,并研究其病原的致病性、耐药性、16-23SrRNA ITS系统进化特征,本研究从云南因肺炎、腹泻而大量死亡的仔猪中分离到1株革兰氏阴性短粗杆菌,命名为KP14013,对其进行生化鉴定、16SrRNA鉴定,研究其对小白鼠和仔猪的致病性,并对其16-23SrRNA ITS基因进行测序和遗传进化分析。结果显示,KP14013分离株生化特征与肺炎克雷伯氏菌相符,其16SrRNA与GenBank中23株肺炎克雷伯氏菌代表株之间的同源性均为99%,将KP14013鉴定为肺炎克雷伯氏菌。KP14013对小白鼠半数致死量(LD50)为3×101.8 CFU,腹腔注射3×108 CFU可使仔猪100%致死。16-23SrRNA ITS系统进化关系结果表明,KP14013与GenBank中收录的15株肺炎克雷伯氏菌形成进化树的一个分支,属于同一个亚群,它们之间的核苷酸同源性为98.4%~99.2%。本研究证实了肺炎克雷伯氏菌是该起仔猪腹泻大量死亡的病原;KP14013分离株为毒力极强菌株,具有多重耐药性,其16-23SrRNA ITS与GenBank中收录的肺炎克雷伯氏菌代表株之间核苷酸存在差异,可用于肺炎克雷伯氏菌菌株间的鉴别。     

Pathogen Analysis of Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex

To investigate the pathogen of bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) of a dairy farm in Guangxi, a strain of Mycoplasma and a strain of gram-negative pathogenic bacterium were isolated and identified by the means of field surveys, clinic observation, pathological examination, isolation studies and so on.Treatments were taken according to drug sensitivity test results.The Mycoplasma strain, growing on PPLO medium, formed typical "fried egg" colonies.A 448 bp of oppF fragment was amplified by PCR from the strain and had 98.4% nucleotide identity with Mycoplasma bovis reference isolate PG5 of USA.The biochemical features of the gram-negative bacterial isolate were same with Serratia marcescens.The PCR amplified 16S rDNA of the gram-negative pathogenic bacterium strain was 1 400 bp.It shared 99.0% nucleotide identity with other Serratia marcescens reference strains obtained from GenBank.Animal experiment showed that the gram-negative pathogenic bacterium isolate could cause the mice to die.The drug sensitivity tests showed all isolates were sensitive to spectinomycin, azithromycin, amikacin, gentamicin and neomycin.It was effective to treat with dexamethasone and spectinomycin.Pathogen analysis and drug treatment showed that the BRDC was caused by Mycoplasma bovis and Serratia marcescens.     

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of N and M Genes of Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus Guangxi Strain

To investigate genetic variation of avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in Guangxi province,one strain of IBV was isolated from chicken.Two pairs of primers for amplifying the N and M genes of IBV were designed according to the sequences in GenBank.The N and M genes of the strain were amplified by RT-PCR,and they were proved to be the N and M genes of IBV by cloning,sequencing and compared with reference IBV strains published in GenBank.The results showed that the N gene from the IBV isolate consisted of 1 230 bp,coding 409 amino acids.The M gene from the IBV isolate consisted of 678 bp,coding 225 amino acids.The sequence analysis of N gene showed that it shared 87.2% to 93.3% nucleotide homologies and 90.0% to 94.4% deduced amino acid sequence homologies with IBV strains from GenBank.The M gene sequence analysis showed that it shared 83.6% to 91.0% nucleotide homologies and 82.7% to 92.9% deduced amino acid sequence homologies.The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that it was closely related to BJ and LX4 strains,and were clustered into one group;But with the distant relatives from other strains of IBV.These results suggested that the isolate was a new variant of IBV.     

地理信息系统在林业上的应用现状及其前景

在概述地理信息系统(GIS)的概念、功能、应用领域的基础上，对GIS在林业资源管理与动态监测、林业专题图编制、森林经营与林业工程规划、森林病虫害管理、森林防火、林业地理信息系统的建立以及林业其他方面的应用现状进行了综述，并对GIS在林业中的应用前景进行了探讨，指出地理信息系统在林业上应用研究的重要性。     

废旧刨花板循环利用技术的研究

探讨利用废旧刨花板循环制造刨花板的技术.采用高压水煮、水煮、汽蒸和直接粉碎4种方法制备刨花,通过比较刨花的筛分值和压制刨花板的主要物理力学性能,得出最佳的处理方法为水煮.试验压制的一次循环水煮和二次循环水煮刨花板的性能,可分别达到GB/T 4897.5-2003和GB/T 4897.3-2003的要求.     

桉木与杨木阻燃胶合板的性能对比分析

采用磷氮硼复合阻燃剂浸渍处理桉木和杨木单板,分别制备5层阻燃胶合板,检测其物理力学性能和阻燃性能.结果表明:阻燃胶合板的胶合强度,均满足GB/T 9846-2004《胶合板》中Ⅱ类要求,抗弯性能满足LY/T 1738-2008《实木复合地板用胶合板》要求;两树种胶合板相比,杨木阻燃胶合板的胶合强度较好,桉木阻燃胶合板的抗弯性能及阻燃性能更优.     

丽江云杉优良家系选择

以引自甘肃省小陇山林业科学研究所的15个丽江云杉家系3年生苗为材料,于国有樟村坪林场造林,观测各家系的成活率、保存率、树高、当年新梢长、地径、南北平均冠幅和一级分枝数,并对家系间6个生长性状指标进行分析。结果表明:7年生时,15个丽江云杉家系间保存率和新稍长的差异均不显著,树高和冠幅的差异均达极显著,地径和一级分枝数的差异均达显著。综合选择出的3个优良家系7年生平均树高比其它12个家系的平均树高提高16.5%,当年新稍长提高10.9%,地径提高4.6%,冠幅提高10.9%,保存率提高3.4%。     

不同判读方式和判读人员对遥感正判率的影响分析

在湖南省按照不同地貌类型和地类破碎程度抽取4 km×4 km大样地10个,采用不同判读方式(充分参考林业档案信息与不参考林业档案信息)和不同判读人员(有5年以上遥感判读经验人员与无任何遥感判读经验人员)对10个大样地进行遥感判读区划,并对判读区划结果进行实地调查验证。分析表明:各地类正判率与其面积成正相关,其它调查因子判读难度较大;充分参考林业档案信息能够显著提高正判率,但优势树种、起源、龄组、郁闭度等因子综合正判率仍然偏低;不同判读工作经验人员对遥感判读有一定的影响,无判读工作经验人员应经过一定程度培训后才可参与判读工作。     

不同肥料类型对幼龄油茶生长的影响

为了给幼龄油茶的施肥提供依据,采用随机区组设计,设置果满多、上海大颂生物菌肥、希星油茶专用肥、江西绿园油茶有机专用肥、复合肥共5个施肥处理和不施肥对照,对江西奉新县幼龄油茶进行了施肥试验。调查株高、地径、冠幅、梢长、梢直径和叶绿度等指标,并分析了它们之间的关系。结果表明,施加不同类型的肥料与油茶株高、地径、冠幅、梢长、梢直径及叶绿度均呈现一定的相关性,施肥对于油茶的株高、春梢长、春梢直径及叶绿度均存在显著的影响,而油茶冠幅和地径与施肥无显著关系;在对油茶株高、地径、冠幅和春梢长度的促进作用上,以上海大颂生物菌肥为最好;在对油茶春梢直径和叶绿度的影响上,以果满多效果为最好。所以在生产上为促进油茶生长,推荐应用上海大颂生物菌肥或果满多。     

森林经营对土壤动物影响研究进展

森林经营是实现森林可持续发展的根本途径,土壤动物是森林生态系统的重要组成部分,可对森林经营及其带来的变化及时做出反应。为了探讨土壤动物对森林经营措施的响应,归纳总结了森林经营理念的发展以及森林经营对土壤动物影响的文献资料。结果表明森林经营主要通过对地上结构和微环境的改变对地下土壤动物的群落组成、分解功能及生物指示功能等方面产生影响。在今后研究中应加强森林经营对土壤动物连续长期的动态影响研究,同时利用现代研究技术与方法深入探讨森林经营对土壤动物影响的机制研究。