Molecular identification and relative abundance of microorganisms in douchi koji and salted egg white sufu during processing

A novel animal protein-based douchi koji-inoculated steamed salted egg white sufu (SEWS) has been developed. This study determined the relative abundance of microorganisms in the douchi koji and semi-finished (5-day fermentation) and finished (5-day fermentation and 14-day ripening) SEWS by using 16S and 18S ribosomal DNA and gene-cloning methods. The results revealed that Bacillus spp. and Aspergillus oryzae were dominant in the douchi koji. In the semi-finished SEWS, the percentages of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis were considerably lower, whereas those of Enterococcus and Staphylococcus were substantially higher. In the finished SEWS, Bacillus spp. became dominant again and A. oryzae was the only fungus detected. In conclusion, by using molecular techniques, microbial population dynamics in SEWS can be evaluated. During processing, the relative abundance of microorganisms in SEWS changed and Bacillus spp. and A. oryzae remained dominant. This study provides crucial information for designing starter cultures for producing SEWS.     

Association between weight change during initial chemotherapy and clinical outcome in dogs with multicentric lymphoma

The majority of the known prognostic factors in dogs with lymphoma have been evaluated before treatment commences or at the time of diagnosis. Prognostic factors evaluated during the initial phase of treatment are less described but may provide important clinical information. In this retrospective study, 82 canine lymphoma patients were categorized according to the weight change between diagnosis and after 5 weeks of chemotherapy. Dogs that gained greater than 5% or lost greater than 5% of initial body weight were categorized as increased‐ or decreased‐weight groups, respectively. Those in which weight changed less than 5% were categorized as the maintained‐weight group. The median progression‐free survival (PFS) in the increased‐weight group, maintained‐weight group and decreased‐weight group was 226, 256 and 129 days, respectively. The decreased‐weight group had significantly shorter PFS than the increased and maintained groups (P = .023, P = .003, respectively). The median survival time (ST) in the increased‐weight group, maintained‐weight group and decreased‐weight group was 320, 339 and 222 days, respectively. There was no significant difference in ST among the three groups (P = .128). In Cox‐regression results, weight change group and initial body weight were significant risk factors associated to PFS (P = .007, P = .001, respectively) while only patient's initial body weight was a significant risk factor to ST (P = .013). In conclusion, evaluation of initial body weight and weight changes over time can provide valuable information regarding PFS and ST in dogs with multicentric lymphoma.     

河北省粮—饲平衡发展现状及对策建议

“粮改饲”政策推行以来,通过农业结构调整,实现了奶业振兴。伴随全球新冠肺炎疫情反复发生,粮食安全问题再次进入了公众视野,进而引发一个值得深思的问题：如何在保证粮食安全的前提下,实现草畜平衡,增加肉、蛋、奶市场供给,优化居民膳食营养结构。为此,以河北省为研究对象,深入分析粮食与饲草种植及市场供求。目前来看,河北省粮食种植面积在“红线”以上,饲草生产无法满足省内养殖业需求,同时,城乡居民对肉、蛋、奶的摄入仍未达到膳食营养标准。为优化农业种植结构及居民营养结构,提出推广新型种植模式、加强政策引导、创新生产技术等一系列措施,推动河北省粮—饲平衡发展。     

射频识别技术在畜禽养殖中的应用与展望

随着畜禽规模养殖的发展,高度集约化养殖模式将影响畜禽的健康状况、疫病防控和福利水平。一种无接触、无应激的射频识别（Radio Frequency Identifi cation,RFID）技术应运而生,该技术可以在无损状态下采集畜禽的行为、生理生化和养殖环境指标,从而为评估集约化养殖的效果和影响提供基础数据。文章讨论了三种常见类型的RFID系统在畜禽养殖中的应用,系统地比较了各类系统的优缺点及适宜应用场景,进一步提出RFID在畜禽养殖中的未来应用方向,以期为深化畜禽信息采集的研究提供参考。     

Comparison of efficacy and toxicity of doxorubicin and mitoxantrone in combination chemotherapy for canine lymphoma

Forty-four dogs with multicentric lymphoma were treated using a cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (CHOP) induction protocol or treated using a cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone, vincristine, and prednisolone (CMOP) induction protocol. There was no statistical difference in signalment and the presence of historical negative prognostic factors between the groups. The median progression-free survival (PFS) in the CHOP and CMOP groups were 222 d and 162 d, respectively (P = 0.75). The median survival time (MST) of dogs in CHOP and CMOP groups were 318 d and 242 d, respectively (P = 0.63). Anorexia and diarrhea episodes were significantly higher in the CHOP group than in the CMOP group (P = 0.02 and P = 0.01, respectively). These results suggest that the CMOP protocol provides similar PFS, MST and causes fewer side effects compared to the CHOP protocol. Therefore, the CMOP protocol may be another treatment choice for canine multicentric lymphoma.     

地熊蜂为重庆地区设施番茄授粉的效果研究

为评价地熊蜂在重庆地区设施番茄的授粉效果,在重庆市荣昌区龙舌嘴村开展授粉效果比较试验,分析地熊蜂授粉对设施番茄产量、果实品质及畸形果率的影响。试验结果显示,经地熊蜂授粉的设施番茄平均产量为2 206.44 kg/667 m2,与未授粉组相比显著提高了104.95%,授粉组的单果质量、果纵径、果最大横径、可溶性固形物含量、VC含量及总糖含量显著高于未授粉组。由此,认为地熊蜂适宜为重庆地区设施番茄授粉,且能够显著提高重庆地区设施番茄的产量与品质。     

小麦新陈快速鉴别方法的研究

对小麦的新陈快速鉴别方法进行了研究。研究结果表明,愈创木酚法在小麦收获后的前两个月用于现场收购当年产的新麦,有较高的准确度;酸度指示法在一定程度上可以快速判断小麦的新鲜程度,适用于异地调运新麦。     

药用红花生长发育规律的研究

根据药用红花根、叶、茎、分枝、花及生长中心的变化特点，将药用红花个体发育过程划分为莲座期、伸长期、分枝期、开花期及种子成熟期５个生育时期，红花一生有５２叶左右，以伸长期出叶速度最快，平均每２．０天出一叶，这一时期形成１７叶左右。叶面积在生育前期较小，至分枝期达最高值（４月中旬，３０７４．５ｃｍ＾２／ｐｉａｎｔ，叶面积指数５．５），且保持较高叶面积一定时间，以利于分枝和花的发育。红花在分枝期净同化率     

SSR分子标记技术及其在玉米种子鉴定上的应用

近年来,分子标记的研究与利用得到了迅速的发展,对不同分子标记技术的选用,主要取决于应用目的和研究对象,理想的分子标记应既简单又可靠.     

Using of AFLP Marker to Predict the Hybrid Yield and Yield Heterosis in Rice

利用AFLP分子标记对46个水稻品种进行遗传多样性分析,继而研究分子标记遗传距离与按照NC设计获得的195个杂交组合的产量及特殊配合力的相关性,探讨预测杂种优势的可能性。结果表明:(1)通过UPGMA聚类分析(图3),可将供试材料分为16个类群,并把来源不明的品种(系)划分到相应类群中,从而对这些材料进行初步鉴定。可见,AFLP分子标记是检测类内品种间遗传差异的有效方法,为水稻品种(系)亲本选配提供理论依据。(2)分子标记遗传距离与杂种产量优势、F1产量、特殊配合力之间都呈显著正相关,相关系数介于0.3235-0.7713之间。但相关程度还不足以预测杂种优势。增效座位和减效座位以及使用与杂种优势有关的QTL连锁标记位点可能提高杂种优势的预测能力,但最终解决,将依赖于杂种优势遗传机理的研究。