基于流动控制技术的低比转速离心泵叶轮研发

低比转速离心泵由于叶轮直径大,出口宽度小,流道扩散严重等原因,导致其效率偏低且很难改善.在计算流体动力学数值模拟和模型泵性能试验基础上,分析了低比转速离心泵效率与内部流动特性之间的关系,为改善泵内流动结构和提高效率提供依据.基于以控制边界层分离为目的的流动控制技术,提出了两种新型的离心泵叶片结构,研制了新的叶轮.为便于比较分析,对新叶轮在保证原模型泵叶轮直径、出口宽度和安装尺寸等主要几何参数不变的前提下进行加工制造,并分别将常规设计的叶片、分流叶片和两种新型叶片的叶轮在同一泵体内进行试验.试验结果表明：分流叶片提高了泵在大流量区域的效率但不能拓宽流量范围,引流叶片使水泵在更大流量范围内运行,并且在整个流量范围内都显著地提高了泵效率.流动控制技术成功地改善了低比转速离心泵内部流动结构并提高了泵性能.     

Nonfeed application of rendered animal proteins for microbial production of eicosapentaenoic acid by the fungus Pythium irregulare

Rendered animal proteins are well suited for animal nutrition applications, but the market is maturing, and there is a need to develop new uses for these products. The objective of this study is to explore the possibility of using animal proteins as a nutrient source for microbial production of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids by the microalga Schizochytrium limacinum and the fungus Pythium irregulare. To be absorbed by the microorganisms, the proteins needed to be hydrolyzed into small peptides and free amino acids. The utility of the protein hydrolysates for microorganisms depended on the hydrolysis method used and the type of microorganism. The enzymatic hydrolysates supported better cell growth performance than the alkali hydrolysates did. P. irregulare displayed better overall growth performance on the experimental hydrolysates compared to S. limacinum. When P. irregulare was grown in medium containing 10 g/L enzymatic hydrolysate derived from meat and bone meal or feather meal, the performance of cell growth, lipid synthesis, and omega-3 fatty acid production was comparable to the that of culture using commercial yeast extract. The fungal biomass derived from the animal proteins had 26-29% lipid, 32-34% protein, 34-39% carbohydrate, and <2% ash content. The results show that it is possible to develop a nonfeed application for rendered animal protein by hydrolysis of the protein and feeding to industrial microorganisms which can produce omega-3 fatty acids for making omega-3-fortified foods or feeds.     

播种方式与追肥时期对黑龙江省冬小麦根系生长及产量的影响

为了探寻黑龙江省冬小麦适宜的播种方式和追肥时期,在田间条件下,研究了播种方式和追肥时期对冬小麦根系生长及产量的影响.结果表明,不同追肥处理下小麦的根冠比随生育期呈下降趋势;根系体积、根系表面积生长随生育期呈先升高后下降的变化趋势,乳熟期达到峰值;不同处理间产量呈现显著性差异,拔节期一次施肥垄沟播处理与平播处理分别比各自对照(不追肥处理)提高27.8％、39.7％,返青期施肥分别提高21.4％、21.1％,返青期与拔节期分施分别提高27.7％、26.7％.垄沟播种在拔节期一次追施氮肥产量可达到最高,比平播处理产量提高14％.黑龙江省冬小麦采取垄沟播种在拔节期适量追肥的栽培技术有助于根系生长及提高产量.     

Effect of acute intraocular pressure elevation on blood flow velocity and resistance in the rabbit ophthalmic artery

Objective To determine the effect of intraocular pressure (IOP) on blood flow velocity and resistance in the rabbit ophthalmic artery. Animals Ten adult New Zealand White rabbits were used. Procedures Right eyes were cannulated and the IOP was raised in a stepwise manner from 20 to 70 mmHg. Peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistive index (RI) in the ophthalmic artery were measured by color Doppler imaging. Values of PSV, EDV and RI were compared at various IOPs via the analysis of variance (anova ) of a randomized block design with post hoc Bonferroni test. Results Significant differences of PSV, EDV and RI at different IOP points (all P < 0.001) were observed. Over the entire IOP range, linear regression showed a negative correlation between IOP and both PSV and EDV (β = ?0.07434, P = 0.0020 and β = ?0.07829, P < 0.001, respectively), as well as a positive correlation between the RI and IOP (β = 0.00221, P < 0.001). Moreover, line plots identified a point with IOP = 40 mmHg, splitting the IOP range with different regression slopes. Piecewise linear regression indicated no correlation between PSV, EDV, RI and IOP when the IOP was elevated from 20 to 40 mmHg (P = 0.1832, P = 0.5932 and P = 0.5819, respectively). However, piecewise linear regression detected a stronger negative correlation between PSV, EDV and IOP (β = ?0.15760, P = 0.0011 and β = ?0.11872, P = 0.001, respectively) and a stronger positive correlation between RI and IOP (β = 0.00273, P = 0.0015) during the stage from 40 to 70 mmHg. Conclusions The ophthalmic artery in the rabbits was capable of maintaining normal blood velocity and resistance when IOP was below 40 mmHg. However, the autoregulatory capacity was greatly limited when IOP was over 40 mmHg.     

鸡胚致病性大肠杆菌的分离与鉴定

对胶州某种鸡场孵化19d出现的死亡鸡胚无菌采取尿囊液和肝脏,集中进行了常规菌的分离与培养。对分离的病原菌进行细菌培养、染色镜检、生化试验、溶血试验和药敏试验,分离鉴定结果表明,该批鸡胚感染了致病性大肠杆菌,并产生溶血现象。药敏试验结果表明,分离到的致病性大肠杆菌对美福仙高度敏感,对庆大霉素、先锋V中度敏感,而对其他几种药物产生了耐药性,为该种鸡场对大肠杆菌病的预防和治疗提供了理论依据     

2010年新疆兽医系统实验室检测能力比对试验的探讨与建议

2010年9月下旬,由新疆维吾尔自治区动物卫生监督所(动物疫病预防控制中心)实验室牵头开展了全疆兽医系统实验室检测能力比对试验工作。三项比对试验复合率均在83%以上,实验室检测能力考核成绩较为理想,但还是存在实验室技能操作不规范与检验记录不完善等问题。     

动物卫生监督执法中自由裁量权影响因素及其对策探讨

前言行政自由裁量权是行政执法过程中大量存在的一种权力,如何规范行使自由裁量权是做到行政处罚公开、公正、责罚相当的关键。2011年8月4日,中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发《关于深化政务公开加强政务服务的意见》进一步强调了"严格规范行政裁量权行使,细化、量化裁量基准,公开裁量范围、种类和幅度"。动物卫生监督执法体系涉及大量的自由裁量条款,在动物卫生监督执法中,如何分析把握影响因素、严格规范自由裁量权的行使,是当前摆在我们面前的一个重要课题。     

贵州省鸡淋巴性白血病J亚型血清学调查研究

为了解和掌握鸡淋巴白血病J亚型(ALV -J)在贵州的发生和流行的基本情况,在7个主要养殖地区的35个养鸡生产场共采集1 205份血清样本,采用ALV -J诊断试剂盒进行了ALV -J的ELISA血清学抗体检测.检测及相关流行病学调查结果表明:ALV -J亚群的平均阳性感染率为13.776％,其中肉鸡为20.050％,...     

牛病毒性腹泻病毒血清抗体检测

采用Svanova公司牛病毒性腹泻病毒血清抗体ELISA抗体检测试剂盒对采自新疆10个不同地区的875份牛血清进行了牛病毒性腹泻病毒血清抗体检测,共检出抗体阳性血清759份,最高阳性率为100％,最低为55.0％,平均为86.7％.检测结果表明该病已在新疆普遍存在,感染没有明确的地域分布规律.根据ELISA检测结果,从...     

内蒙古阿拉善草地毒草灾害调查与控制对策

内蒙古阿拉善草地毒草灾害一直困扰着当地畜牧业的发展.采用以现场走访和查阅文献相结合的方式,对阿拉善草地毒草灾害的历史和现状、毒草灾害造成的损失、毒草种类和地理分布、主要毒草生物学特性等进行调查,提出草地毒草灾害控制对策.结果表明,阿拉善草地牲畜毒草中毒发病率高达60%,病死率为30%;形成优势种群的毒草有14种,其中造...