免耕播种机试验与应用研究

主要论述了保护性耕作关键装备—2BM-9型免耕播种机的技术参数与工作原理,论述了其性能试验、可靠性试验及应用效果。通过性能试验与生产考核表明:该机各项指标均达到了设计要求,使用可靠性大于98%,调整使用方便性大于97%。经测试与调查统计知:该机对作物留茬地提高土壤含水率6%～9%,减少农田风蚀50%～80%,提高土壤有机质含量0.04%～0.08%,增加农民收入10%～15%。经过4年的推广应用,取得了良好的经济社会生态效益,对促进保护性耕作技术的实施有着重要的作用。     

物性分析仪测定鸭梨质构条件的优化

以鸭梨果实为试材,采用物性分析仪TPA模式在不同压缩速度和目标形变量下,测定鸭梨果实的质地参数,以优化TPA模式评价的测定条件。结果表明:在TPA测定过程中,目标形变量对硬度、内聚性、弹性、粘附性、胶着性、恢复性、断裂性和咀嚼性等8个TPA参数的影响极显著(P≤0.01);而压缩速度对硬度和胶着性性影响显著(P≤0.05),对断裂性极显著(P≤0.01),对其它5个TPA参数影响不显著。选用1.0mm·s-1的压缩速度和20%的目标形变量作为鸭梨果实TPA模式下的测定条件,能够客观地反映鸭梨果肉组织的质地特征。     

黑皮冬瓜嫁接砧木的筛选与鉴定

挑选南瓜砧、蒲瓜砧和葫芦砧共10个品种,以佛山市三水黑皮冬瓜为接穗,采用斜顶插接法嫁接,露地栽培管理,比较其产量和农艺性状。试验结果表明,DZ-01冬瓜砧、京欣砧三号和强势作为三水黑皮冬瓜的嫁接砧木,可有效降低枯萎病发病率,增产10%以上,商品性状得到明显改善,商品品质差异不显著,推广应用性强。     

不同基因型大麦苗期对干旱胁迫的响应及HvPIPs基因表达特征分析

为研究不同基因型大麦苗期对干旱胁迫的响应,挖掘优质抗旱的大麦种质资源,以4份不同基因型大麦(2个高抗品种ZDM5430和ZDM5458,2个干旱敏感型品种7DCADA和IL-12)为材料,利用聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)模拟干旱条件,综合分析不同品种大麦的苗期抗旱性差异;并通过对不同品种根系进行PIPs实时定量分析,研究水通道蛋白AQPs基因与干旱胁迫之间的应答关系。结果表明,持续干旱胁迫会使大麦生长变缓,各处理苗长、根长、叶含水量和根含水量都呈下降趋势,其中,4个品种的大麦叶含水量在干旱胁迫14 d时下降最为显著,与对照相比,其降幅分别为29.14%、52.64%、21.67%和72.15%。干旱胁迫对大麦苗期干物质积累量和根冠比的影响较小,各处理间差异不显著;但持续干旱后,抗旱品种ZDM5430的根冠比呈上升趋势,在胁迫7、14、21 d时较CK分别增加了4.92%、42.86%和21.05%。随着胁迫时间的延长,大麦旗叶叶绿素含量和根系活力也呈下降趋势,其中ZDM5430和ZDM5458较对照组降幅较小,说明抗旱品种的形态指标、叶绿素含量及根系活力受干旱胁迫的影响较小。通过PIP...     

条件性敲除D1133L基因的重组非洲猪瘟病毒的构建及增殖特性

前期研究初步表明非洲猪瘟病毒(ASFV)编码的D1133L基因对ASFV复制至关重要,本研究拟进一步探究D1133L在ASFV复制中的作用。利用同源重组技术结合大肠杆菌lac阻遏操作系统实现条件性敲除D1133L基因,以pUC118为骨架重组转移载体ASFVΔi130,将重组转移载体转染骨髓源巨噬细胞(BMDMs),以ASFV CN/GS/2018为亲本毒株感染BMDM,在β-D-硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)存在的条件下,经绿色荧光和PCR鉴定,获得条件性敲除D1133L重组毒株vD1133Li。利用荧光显微镜观察该重组毒株与亲本毒株在猪肺泡巨噬细胞(PAMs)中的复制差异,利用qPCR技术比较重组病毒与亲本毒株的复制差异,分析vD1133Li在无IPTG情况下回补D1133L蛋白后与在IPTG诱导情况下的复制差异。结果显示：本研究成功构建了条件性敲除D1133L的ASFV重组病毒vD1133Li,重组毒株不表达D1133L,在IPTG诱导下复制能力显著低于亲本毒株;在稳定表达D1133L的MA-104细胞系中,vD1133Li复制能力恢复。综上所述,D1133L基因对于ASFV复制至关重...     

Dynamic Modeling and Simulation of 440 t/h Steam-cooled Cyclone Separator for CFB Boiler

A dynamic mathematical model of the steam-cooled cyclone separator in a 440 t/h CFB boiler has been established.Based on the mathematical model,simulation model of the cyclone separator is created with the advanced continuous simulation language(ACSL).The validity of this model has been verified by the simulation experiments and analysis.This model can provide a theoretical guidance for operation and optimal design of the cyclone separator.     

园林灌溉对再生水回用的技术要求

结合目前再生水回用的必要性和紧迫性问题,就污水处理相关技术与工艺、再生水灌溉的技术要求与标准以及再生水园林灌溉的管理和监测等方面,对再生水应用于园林灌溉进行了综合阐述,并提出了相应的技术要求.     

粮食生产的机械化问题

粮食牛产机械化是生产力发展的一个重要方而，也是一种必然趋势。机械化生产手段可以提高粮食产量，确保粮食生产持续发展，提高粮食生产效率和经济效益。粮食生产机械化不仅是农业技术变迁的一种自然发展过程，而且与制度变迁密切相关、互相促进。在粮食生产机械化中，有很多现实问题需要解决。     

Effects of arrangement of surge-rootirrigation emitters on growth,yield andwater use efficiency of apple trees

Six-year old apple trees were selected for field experiment. The objective of this study was to obtain the reasonable arrangement of surge-root irrigation emitters in apple orchards. There were three factors: the buried depth H( 25,40,55 cm),the horizontal distance L( 30,40,60 cm) between the emitters and the trunk of the experimental tree,and the number of the irrigation emitters N( 1,2,4). The effect of the arrangement of surge-root irrigation emitters on the growth,yield and irrigation water use efficiency( IWUE) of apple trees were studied in Northern Shaanxi where the irrigation quota takes 60%-75% of the field water capacity. The results showed that the arrangement of emitters for surge-root irrigation had a significant effect on apple tree yield and IWUE,especially,the yield and IWUE reached 28 388. 17 kg/hm2 and 16. 83 kg/m3 in treatment T3,respectively. At the same L and N levels( T1,T2,and T3),the yield and IWUE in treatment T3 were the highest,and the yields in treatments T1 and T2 were decreased by 26.22% and 31.48%,while IWUE is reduced by14.02% and 18.12% compared with T3,respectively. At the same H and N levels( T3,T4,and T5),the yield and IWUE of apple trees were decreased with increasing L level. Especially,when L was 30 cm( T3),the yield and IWUE were the highest. The same L and H levels( T3,T6,and T7) could promote the growth of apple trees when N was 2( T3). Compared with treatment T3,it was found that the increment of new shoots was decreased by 8.07%-18.71%,and the fruit diameter was decreased by 5.41%-9.11%. Therefore,two emitters should be arranged symmetrically on both sides of an apple tree,each was buried at a 40 cm depth and 30 cm away from the trunk of the tree to effectively improve the yield and IWUE of the apple tree in mountainous areas in Northern Shaanxi.     

实用型CAPP开发工具系统的实现

介绍了CAPP开发工具系统的工作原理，分析了开发中遇到的问题和关键技术，并提出了解决办法。