花后早期增温对小麦旗叶光合和抗氧化特性及籽粒发育的影响

为探究小麦花后早期增温对其旗叶和籽粒生长发育的影响，以黄淮海南片主栽小麦品种安农0711和烟农19为试验材料，通过在小麦花后0～10 d搭棚覆盖PO薄膜方式进行人工模拟增温（增温1~ 3 ℃），测定分析了花后早期增温后小麦旗叶光合参数、叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶活性、MDA含量和籽粒性状的变化。结果表明，与常温对照相比，增温显著降低了旗叶净光合速率、叶绿素含量及 CAT和POD活性，增加了旗叶胞间CO₂浓度和MDA含量，加速了旗叶衰老，使籽粒长度、宽度、厚度和千粒重均下降，安农0711和烟农19的粒重降幅分别为5.43%和7.34%。这说明在本试验条件下，花后早期增温不利于小麦旗叶光合和抗氧化作用，加速旗叶衰老，抑制籽粒发育。     

桦褐孔菌多糖的体外抗氧化作用研究

Inonotus obliquusis placed in theBasidiomycotina, Hymenomycetes , Aphyllophoralesand Polyporaceae[1]. The mushroomis a wood-decaying fungus that grows under the bark oflive standing trees such as birch, el m andJapanese alder , or on the dry trunks of thesetrees after felling . In Russian folklore ,I .obliquusis considered a medicinal fungus andhas been widely used to prevent and treatdiseases and tumors affecting the digestivesystem ( e . g . gastric , intestinal and livercancers ) , cardio…     

猴头菌转化EGB发酵液提取物抗氧化及抑制非酶糖基化活性研究(英文)

[Objective] In order to study the anti-oxidation and inhibitory effect on nonenzymatic glycation reaction of EGB fermentation extraction biotransformed by Hericium erinaceus.[Method]The free radical scavenging ability and reducing capacity of DPPH as well as inhibitory rate of nonenzymatic glycation reaction were measured targets for comparing changes of anti-oxidation and inhibitory effect on nonenzymatic glycation reaction of fermentation lyophilizer and fermentation extraction before and after EGB fermention adsorbed by AB-8 macroporous resin. The EGB fermention was biotransformed by Hericium erinaceus.[Result]After adsorbed by AB-8 macroporous resin,the bioactive matters were concentrated and separated. The free radical scavenging rate,reducing capacity and inhibitory rate of nonenzymatic glycation reaction were increased significantly after adsorbed by AB-8 macroporous resin.[Conclusion]AB-8 macroporous resin could be used for preliminary concentration of EGB fermentation which was biotransformed by Hericium erinaceus.     

蜂花粉、蜂胶、蜂王浆、蜂蜜抗氧化作用的研究

[目的]比较蜂蜜、蜂王浆、蜂胶、蜂花粉的抗氧化效果,为其今后在抗氧化方面的应用提供理论依据,并指导人们正确地选择具有抗氧化活性的蜂产品。[方法]以蜂花粉、蜂胶、蜂王浆和蜂蜜为材料,采用Schaa烘箱法和羟自由基清除法测定4种蜂产品的抗氧化活性。[结果]4种蜂产品均具有较强的抗氧化作用。随着时间的延长,它们的POV值升高,在36 h内表现出较好的抑制油脂氧化的效应,其中蜂胶、蜂王浆和蜂花粉的抗氧化效果优于蜂蜜。在一定时间内,蜂花粉、蜂胶、蜂王浆、蜂蜜均能抑制大豆油的氧化,对羟基自由基的清除率分别为:65.93%、82.08%2、6.95%、27.20%。[结论]蜂花粉、蜂胶、蜂王浆和蜂蜜能够清除体内过多的自由基,降低过氧化脂质的生成,是很好的抗氧化产品。     

纳米蜂胶抗氧化活性的研究

[目的]为今后的纳米蜂胶研究提供理论依据。[方法]以纳米TiO2为主要原料,采用共混法,经过一系列的工艺,制得纳米蜂胶粉末。通过邻苯三酚自氧化法探讨纳米蜂胶对超氧阴离子(O2-)的清除效果,并将其效果与采用蜂胶醇提液和Vc的清除效果进行比较。[结果]邻苯三酚自氧化速率为ΔA1/Δt=37.78×10-4。先分别往试管中加入蜂胶醇提液、纳米蜂胶、Vc,再加入邻苯三酚,180 s内均能够清除O2-,其中纳米蜂胶的清除效果好于Vc,而Vc又好于蜂胶醇提取液。对于这3种样品液而言,加入0.1 ml就能够很好的清除O2-。[结论]纳米蜂胶比普通蜂胶能更好地清除体内过多的自由基,降低过氧化脂质的生成,是一种新型的抗氧化产品。     

中华稻蝗黄酮的提取及抗氧化活性研究

目的:测定了中华稻蝗体内总黄酮的含量并研究了黄酮粗提物的抗氧化作用,为进一步开发利用动物黄酮资源提供科学依据。方法:正交设计优选中华稻蝗体内总黄酮的提取条件;用SOD、CAT、GSH-Px、MDA试剂盒测定了抗氧化指标。结果:中华稻蝗黄酮最佳提取条件是:90%甲醇、65℃、料液比1∶30、提取时间2h,提取量可达到1124mg/100g(干物质);黄酮粗提物能显著增强小鼠体内SOD、CAT和GSH-Px活性,降低MDA的含量。结论:优选的提取方法效率高,含量测定方法操作简便;黄酮粗提物具有明显的抗氧化作用。     

地参多糖对D-半乳糖所致衰老小鼠的抗氧化作用研究

[目的]研究地参多糖(LLP)对D-半乳糖所致衰老小鼠的抗氧化作用。[方法]取昆明种小白鼠50只,随机分为5组。除正常对照组外,其余各组每天于颈背皮下注射D-半乳糖80 mg/kg,连续42 d,造成亚急性衰老模型。在注射D-半乳糖的同时,试验组每天分别灌胃给予地参多糖(LLP)300、200和100 mg/kg,正常对照组及模型对照组给予等量生理盐水。末次给药12 h后,分离血清及肝组织,分别测定各组小鼠衰老相关生化指标。[结果]LLP能拮抗D-半乳糖所致的小鼠衰老,使小鼠血清及肝组织SOD和GSH-Px活性明显回升,MDA的水平下降。[结论]LLP具有一定的抗氧化和抗衰老作用。     

不同硒源对肥育猪背最长肌和血清中抗氧化指标的影响

试验选用72头(61.32±1.14)kg杜长大肥育猪,随机分成3个处理,每个处理4个重复(栏),每个栏6头猪。3个处理分别饲喂基础日粮+0.30 mg/kg亚硒酸钠、基础日粮+0.30 mg/kg酵母硒Ⅰ、基础日粮+0.30 mg/kg酵母硒Ⅱ。正试试验期6周。试验结束后从每个重复选择体重基本一致的试验猪各1头,前腔静脉采血后屠宰取背最长肌,测定肌肉和血清中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力、总过氧化物歧化酶活力、丙二醛含量和总抗氧化能力。结果表明:与亚硒酸钠相比,酵母硒Ⅱ提高了血清和肌肉中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和总过氧化物歧化酶活力活力(P<0.05),降低了丙二醛水平(P<0.05),显著提高了血清的总抗氧化能力(P<0.05)。     

Protective effect of aqueous extract of velvet antler on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice

AIM: To study the protective effect of aqueous extract of 2-branched and 3-branched velvet antler on cisplatin (CDDP)-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. METHODS:The mouse model of renal injury was induced by intragastric administration of CDDP at the dose of 15 mg/kg. After treatment, kidney index (KI), serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the kidney were determined. The renal pathological changes were observed with HE staining. RESULTS: Aqueous extract of velvet antler at the tested dose markedly decreased BUN, SCr and the content of MDA, and elevated the activity of SOD and GSH-Px in the mice pretreated with CDDP (P<0.05). The pathological changes of the renal tissues were improved obviously, and the injury of the epithelial cells of renal tubules was mitigated. The effect of the aqueous extract of 2-branched velvet antler on renal function and cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity was better than that of 3-branched one at the same concentration. CONCLUSION: The aqueous extract of 2-branched and 3-branched velvet antler has a certain protective effect on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, which may be associated with increasing the anti-oxidative capability of mouse renal tissue.     

响应面分析法优化花生壳黄酮类化合物提取工艺及其抗氧化活性研究

[目的]探讨采用超声-微波辅助技术提取花生壳黄酮类化合物的最佳工艺条件及其抗氧化活性。[方法]以乙醇作为提取溶剂,用超声-微波辅助法提取花生壳黄酮类化合物,考察乙醇体积分数、提取时间和料液比对花生壳黄酮类化合物提取率的影响,通过响应面分析法优化超声-微波辅助提取花生壳黄酮类化合物的工艺参数,并研究花生壳黄酮类化合物对猪油的抗氧化性。[结果]采用超声-微波辅助技术提取花生壳黄酮类化合物的最佳工艺条件为：乙醇体积分数60%,提取时间120 s,料液比1∶20,在最优工艺参数条件下花生壳黄酮得率为6.11%;花生壳黄酮类化合物对猪油的自氧化有明显的抑制作用,且随着加入量的增多,抗氧化能力增强。[结论]超声-微波辅助提取法是一种较好的花生壳黄酮类化合物提取方法,花生壳黄酮类化合物对猪油有较强的抗氧化能力。