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1.
辣椒碱类物质具有镇痛、抗菌和抗肿瘤等作用,被广泛应用于食品、医药、农业和军事等领域,具有较高的药用价值和经济效益;但是辣椒碱粗制品中有一些酚类物质能够颉颃辣椒碱对神经肽的作用,反而加剧疼痛和炎症,因此对辣椒碱进行纯化显得尤为重要。文章主要介绍了辣椒碱的纯化方法及应用,同时对辣椒碱的发展进行了展望。  相似文献   

2.
槲皮素的生理功能及其应用前景   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
<正>黄酮类化合物是一类广泛存在于植物体内的多酚类物质,种类繁多,具有多种生物活性,在抗菌、消炎、抗氧化、抗突变、降血压、清热解毒、镇静、利尿等方面具有显著作用。其作为食品添加剂已应用于多种食品的生产,并在药物领域的开发中取得  相似文献   

3.
干扰素的分子生物学研究进展   总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8  
干扰素是一类多功能细胞因子,是由哺乳动物体细胞合成与分泌的潜在的生物活性蛋白质,具有抵抗病毒感染、抑制肿瘤细胞生长与调节机体免疫功能的作用,其基因表达受多种因素和调控元件的调节。干扰素基因工程和基因治疗研究引起了广泛的关注,目前已被应用于临床治疗。  相似文献   

4.
免疫促进剂胸腺肽的研究进展   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
胸腺肽是胸腺分泌的具有生物活性的多种多肽类物质 ,是一种免疫增强剂。在机体的免疫系统、神经内分泌系统、生殖系统中起到重要的调节作用。它能够改善机体的免疫状态 ,协调内分泌 ,提高机体对细菌病毒感染的抵抗力。已用于多种疾病的辅助治疗方面 ,疗效显著 ;饲料中添加亦能起到促生长作用。本文着重综述胸腺肽的生化性质、生物学功能、影响其分泌和生物活性的因素。  相似文献   

5.
益母草(Herba Leonuri)主要生物活性成分为益母草碱,对子宫平滑肌有明显兴奋作用.< 本草衍义>中记载益母草能治"产前产后诸疾".而在现代医学中,益母草煎剂等已被广泛使用于月经不调,产后子宫出血等妇产科疾病.  相似文献   

6.
目的:研究披针叶黄华碱的种类及含量。方法:采用超声波辅助甲醇浸提法、硅胶柱层析分离结晶技术从披针叶黄华全草粉中分离生物碱,利用GC-MS对总碱和结晶进行分析测定。结果:分离获得生物碱结晶Ⅰ、结晶Ⅱ,总碱中含有7种喹诺里西啶类生物碱,其中结晶Ⅰ为黄华碱,结晶Ⅱ为金雀花碱。结论:本试验为进一步研究披针叶黄华碱的生物活性提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

7.
大豆贮藏蛋白主要由大豆球蛋白和伴大豆球蛋白组成[1-2],大豆肽是大豆蛋白质酶解的产物,具有多种生物活性作用。伴大豆球蛋白水解肽作为一种植物蛋白来源的多肽,已得到人们的广泛关注。而其抗菌活性研究方面的报道较少,并且很久以来被  相似文献   

8.
近年来,随着多种生物活性因子在母乳中被相继发现,人们对母乳的认识已不再仅仅局限于单纯性的营养作用和抗感染免疫等方面,而逐渐发展到对母乳信息传递、代谢调节等新的研究领域。母乳中除含丰富的蛋白质等多种营养成分之外,还同时含有多种生物活性因子,如EGF、IGF、TNF等(国外畜牧科技1997 24(4)—作者注),这些生物活性多肽,由来自于母体的血液和乳腺上皮细胞合成,通过母乳传递  相似文献   

9.
金银花是一种重要的药用植物,具有多种生物活性,主要的生理作用有解热、抗炎、抗菌、抗氧化等,现已被广泛的应用于动物生产中。本文主要综述金银花的解热、抗炎、抗菌和抗氧化的作用机理以及其在动物(家禽、猪和牛)上的应用研究进展,以期为金银花提取物替代抗生素在动物上的应用提供依据。 [关键词] 金银花|作用机理|动物生产|应用  相似文献   

10.
DNA疫苗能够诱导广谱免疫反应,已被广泛应用于预防性疫苗和针对各种感染性疾病、肿瘤、自身免疫性疾病和过敏性疾病的免疫治疗的临床试验。自DNA疫苗技术出现,A型流感病毒就与其紧密地联系在一起,已被广泛应用于小鼠和其他动物模型以研究DNA疫苗的免疫作用和机理。  相似文献   

11.
噬菌体展示技术及其应用   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
噬菌体展示技术是一项新兴的分子生物学技术;该技术将基因型和表现型有效地联系起来,是后基因组时代的有力工具。目前用于构建展示文库的噬菌体主要有丝状噬菌体、λ噬菌体、T4噬菌体和T7噬菌体;它们所展示的外源蛋白可以保持相对独立的空间结构和生物活性。随着此项技术的不断完善和发展,噬菌体展示技术已在新型疫苗的研制、酶抑制剂的筛选、医学诊断和治疗、多肽药物的开发、蛋白质相互作用的研究等领域得到了广泛的应用,并显示了良好的应用前景。  相似文献   

12.
β-1,3/1,6-葡聚糖作为一种潜在的免疫调节佐剂,普遍存在于真菌、酵母及海藻中,主要由以β-1,3键构成的线性骨架为主链,以及以高度分支的β-1,6键为侧链组成,其特殊的键结方式和分子内氢键使其形成螺旋形的分子结构,这种独特的构型很容易被免疫系统识别,从而发挥免疫功能。β-1,3/1,6-葡聚糖是第一个被发现的具有免疫活性的葡聚糖,其作为一种生物性免疫调节佐剂,对免疫系统和疫苗免疫效果具有调节作用。由于β-1,3/1,6-葡聚糖具有生物活性高、热力低等性能,可作为脂肪替代品、功能因子、膳食纤维等广泛应用于医药开发、保健食品、动物饲养等行业中,是一种值得研究和开发的功能性饲料添加剂。作者在介绍β-1,3/1,6-葡聚糖的来源、作用机理和生物活性的基础上,重点论述了其添加在畜禽日粮中对畜禽肠道的发育、生产性能、免疫功能的影响,同时对其应用时应注意的问题进行了阐述,旨在为β-1,3/1,6-葡聚糖在畜禽日粮中的应用奠定理论基础。  相似文献   

13.

Objective

To provide an overview of pain and analgesia in rabbits with the aim of developing a more accurate understanding of these topics. To illustrate and discuss the areas that have advanced in recent years and those that still require further research.

Databases used

Three key subject resources were used: Web of Science, Medline and CAB Abstracts. Search terms were rabbits, lagomorphs, laboratory animals, pet, pain, surgical procedures, ovariohysterectomy, orchiectomy, castration, analgesia, opioids, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. References from books and articles relevant to the topics were also included.

Conclusions

Rabbit medicine has improved over the last 20 years, but the literature suggests that pain management in this species is still inadequate and veterinary professionals believe their knowledge of pain and analgesia in this species is limited. Assessment and quantification of pain in rabbits can be challenging in a clinical environment not only because, as a prey species, rabbits tend to hide signs of pain but also because there are no validated methods to assess pain, except the Rabbit Grimace Scale, which is based on only one rabbit breed.Current consensus is that perioperative multimodal analgesia is the best practice. However, it is not widely used in rabbits. In rabbits, analgesia protocols and dosages reported in the literature are often poorly researched and do not result in complete pain amelioration with the return of normal. The present literature on rabbit pain and analgesia presents gaps either due to unexplored areas or insufficient findings. Further research should focus on these areas with the aim of improving the welfare of rabbits within a veterinary clinic.  相似文献   

14.
杀菌性/通透性增强蛋白(bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein,BPI)有较强的杀菌作用(主要为革兰氏阴性菌)和中和脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)的活性,以及增强单核细胞和嗜中性粒细胞对病原菌的吞噬功能。近年来,BPI的生物学功能受到广泛关注,被称为机体内的“超级抗生素”,BPI基因被很多学者作为抗病候选基因进行探索。作者综述了猪BPI基因的结构、生物学功能及其与猪抗性的关系等,阐述了BPI基因在猪抗病育种中的研究进展及应用前景,为下一步猪BPI基因的功能研究及其在抗病育种实践中的应用提供理论依据。  相似文献   

15.
Bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (BPI) has a strong effect on sterilization (mainly for G- bacteria),neutralizing the activity of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and enhancing the phagocytosis of mononuclear cells and neutrophils to pathogenic bacteria.The biological functions of BPI have been researched widely in recent years,which is known as "super antibiotic" and has been explored by many scholars as a candidate gene for resistance.This author summarized the research progress and application prospect of the BPI gene in the pig resistant breeding by introducing the structure,biological function of BPI gene and its relationship with the resistance,which was aimed to provide theoretical references and basis for the function research of pig BPI gene and its practical application in resistance breeding in future.  相似文献   

16.
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that stimulates a wide array of cellular targets, including hepatocytes and other epithelial cells, melanocytes, endothelial and hematopoietic cells. We have cloned a different form of cDNA, with a deletion of 15 base pairs predicted to result in the loss of 5 amino acids from the first kringle domain. To investigate the biological activity, original and deleted variant of feline HGF cDNAs were transiently expressed in COS-7 cells. Both recombinant feline HGFs showed almost the same dose-response curves in the stimulation of the growth of BNL CL.2 cells (a mouse hepatocyte cell line) and scatter activity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. The findings reported here suggest that the deleted variant of feline HGF has almost the same biological activity as the original in terms of the proliferation and scatter activity.  相似文献   

17.
白僵菌的分类研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
高红  张冉  万永继 《蚕业科学》2011,37(4):730-736
白僵菌(Beauveria)是一类寄主范围广、致病性与适应性很强的昆虫病原真菌,已广泛应用于农林害虫的生物防治,但是有些白僵菌种对家蚕等经济昆虫也存在严重的危害。对国内外近一个多世纪以来有关白僵菌属种的分类研究历史、分类研究方法以及6个白僵菌属种的形态特征予以概述,并简要介绍生物防治环境中避免白僵菌交叉感染家蚕的监测鉴定方法,以期为开展相关白僵菌的分类鉴定和对白僵菌杀虫剂使用的安全性评价及降低给养蚕生产造成危害的风险性提供参考。  相似文献   

18.
Sarapin® is a distillate of the pitcher plant that has long been used in human and veterinary medicine for'regional analgesia'. The mechanism of the reported analgesic response is unknown; however, the agent is purported to provide more effective analgesia for slow, chronic pain than for sharp, acute pain. Reportedly, Sarapin® is also widely used as an analgesic agent in the horse, generally in combination with corticosteroids and other agents. To determine its local anaesthetic efficacy in the horse, we tested Sarapin® in a unilateral abaxial sesamoid block model at two dose levels, 2 mL and 10 mL per site, respectively. Cutaneous pain was induced with a light/heat lamp, and analgesia was assessed by measuring the hoof-withdrawal reflex latency period. Neither dose of Sarapin® altered hoof-withdrawal reflex latency in this experimental model tested over a two-week period. Based on the demonstrated efficacy of this local anaesthetic model, it seems clear that Sarapin® has no significant classical local anaesthetic actions in the horse, and probably not in other species either.  相似文献   

19.
屎肠球菌作为一种潜在的新型饲用抗生素替代品,具有耐热、耐胃酸、耐胆盐、粘附力强、抑菌性和抗生素耐受性等优良的生物学特性,还能提高饲料的转化效率,增强动物机体的免疫力,降低腹泻率及死亡率,从而改善动物产品品质,屎肠球菌微生态制剂在畜禽养殖业中应用已十分广泛。其中微囊化屎肠球菌活菌制剂更是近几年的研究热点,其抗逆性强、稳定性高,可以作为饲用高活性微生态制剂应用于实际生产。本文主要阐述屎肠球菌的生物学特性及其在饲用微生态制剂中的研究进展。  相似文献   

20.
禽痘病毒载体及其应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
禽痘病毒(fowlpox virus,FPV)载体在近几年受到越来越多学者的关注。禽痘病毒载体的原理,是把外源基因插入到病毒的适当位置,通过同源重组把外源基因重组到病毒基因组的复制非必需区域。外源基因通过修饰等过程可以得到高效的表达,表达产物生物活性及相关功能没有改变,刺激机体产生较强的免疫应答。禽痘病毒被用作表达载体后,相继成功地表达了来源于禽类病毒、动物病毒,乃至能感染人类病原体的保护性抗原基因,现已被广泛用作基因工程的重要工具。作者就禽痘病毒粒子的结构、生物学、分子生物学、禽痘病毒载体及其应用等几个方面进行了阐述。  相似文献   

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