在前临床期检测金仓鼠羊痒病淋巴结中病理型朊蛋白PrP（Sc）

12只雌性5周龄金仓鼠腹腔注射50μL羊痒病（SCRAPIE）263K株10%的脑组织匀浆。在临床前期,感染后第2、4、6、8、10、12周和临床末期第20周,金仓鼠被分别处死,取大脑、淋巴组织、脾脏、肾脏、肝脏、心脏和肌肉等组织,进行蛋白质免疫印迹杂交实验检测朊病毒病理型朊蛋白PrPSc。研究结果显示在临床前期,通过改进后的纯化技术,我们能够检测出淋巴组织和脾脏组织中的PrPSc,但是在肾脏、肝脏、心脏和肌肉等组织中仍然没有检测到PrPSc。     

铁和维生素A及其互作效应对肉仔鸡组织铁含量和营养物质表观存留率的影响

选用1日龄艾维茵肉仔鸡504只 ,随机分为9组 ,每组4个重复 ,每重复14只鸡 ,公母各半 ,采用3×3(Fe×VA)完全随机试验设计 ,研究了日粮添加不同水平Fe(0、30、60mg/kg)和VA(750、1500、2700IU/kg)对肉仔鸡不同生长阶段 (0～4周龄和5～7周龄 )肝脏、心脏、脾脏、胰脏、肾脏、肌肉、胫骨、羽毛等组织铁含量影响。结果表明 :在日粮铁的影响下 ,肉仔鸡体内各组织铁含量顺序依次为 :(前期 :肝脏>肾脏>脾>心脏>胫骨>毛>胰脏>肌肉 ;后期 :肝脏>脾>肾脏>心脏>胫骨>羽毛>胰脏>肌肉 ) ;日粮铁添加水平对前期肝脏、心脏、肾脏、胰脏、羽毛等组织铁含量影响显著 (P<0.01) ,60mgFe/kg 组这些组织铁含量最高 ;对后期肝脏、心脏、脾脏、胰脏、肌肉、胫骨、羽毛等组织的铁含量影响显著 (P<0.01) ,60mgFe/kg组肝脏与心脏组织铁含量最高 ,30mgFe/kg 组脾脏、肌肉、胫骨等组织铁含量最高 ,0mgFe/kg 组胰脏、羽毛等组织铁含量最高 ;肾脏、胰脏、羽毛、肌肉、胫骨在不同生长阶段沉积铁能力不同。日粮铁对不同生长阶段各组织铁含量的影响存在差异。VA影响机体内铁的分布 ,日粮VA添加水平对前期肾脏、肌肉、羽毛等组织铁含量影响显著 (P<0.01) ,对后期肝脏、肾脏、胰脏、肌肉、胫骨、羽毛等组织铁含量影响显著 (P<0.01)。VA对前后     

多黏菌素对雏鸡不同组织中SOD活性及丙二醛含量的影响

以口服给药方式给雏鸡喂服不同剂量多黏菌素B，测定了不同组织中SOD活性和MDA的含量。结果表明，低剂量组雏鸡；肝脏和心脏在给药后第8天，肾脏在第4天，脾脏和大脑在第12天SOD活性显著升高；肝脏，脾脏和心脏于第8天，肾脏于第4天，大脑于第12天MDA含量显著降低。高剂量组雏鸡；肝脏，肾脏和心脏中SOD活性在给药后第1天极显著升高，脾脏和大脑在给药后第4天，胰腺和十二指肠于第12天SOD活性显著升高；肝脏于给药后第1天MDA含量显著降低，脾脏，肾脏和心脏于给药后第4天及胰腺和十二指肠子第12天MDA含量显著降低。SOD活性升高后随之下降而MDA含量下降后则随之升高，毒性反应主要表现为肝毒性，肾毒性，脾毒性，心脏毒性和神经毒性。     

氟佐隆在牛组织中残留消除规律的研究

为研究氟佐隆在牛组织中的残留消除规律,1.5 mg/kg体重氟佐隆皮下注射干奶期荷斯坦奶牛,分别于用药后2周、6周、8周、10周、12周和16周用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测牛肌肉、肝脏、肾脏和不同部位脂肪中氟佐隆的残留量。HPLC方法的检测限(LOD)为0.02 mg/kg,定量限(LOQ)为0.08 mg/kg。结果表明,氟佐隆残留消除速度较慢,在脂肪组织中的残留量远高于其他组织。氟佐隆在组织中的残留量:脂肪>肝脏>肾脏>肌肉。肌肉中残留量在用药后8周达到峰值,12周后低于检测限;肝脏和肾脏中残留水平在用药后10周达到峰值,16周后接近或低于检测限;脂肪组织中10周后达到峰值,16周后仍高于检测限。皮下、腹部和肾脏脂肪中的残留量没有明显差异(P>0.05)。1.5 mg/kg体重皮下给药后氟佐隆在牛组织中的残留量均不超过JECFA规定的残留限量。     

妥曲珠利在肉鸡组织中残留的研究

用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测肉鸡肌肉、肝脏和肾脏组织中妥曲珠利的残留量。将妥曲珠利以20、200和2 000μg/kg的含量分别添加到空白组织中,测得肌肉、肝脏和肾脏组织的回收率大于75%,变异系数均低于7%。用该方法测定肌肉、肝脏和肾脏组织中妥曲珠利的最低检测限为10μg/kg。肉鸡分别在第9,10,16,17,23,24天以8 mg/kg的剂量灌服2.5%妥曲珠利溶液,每天给药1次。最后一次给药后测定不同组织中妥曲珠利的浓度。停药后肌肉、肝脏、肾脏组织中妥曲珠利的残留量逐渐下降;停药第6天后肌肉中检测不到妥曲珠利,停药后第7天肝脏和肾脏组织中均检测不到。     

磷矿周围环境砷污染情况调查

调查磷矿周围环境和畜禽组织砷含量,为掌握磷矿区周围畜禽产品安全提供依据。采用原子吸收光谱法进行测定。结果表明,环境中砷含量从高到低依次为水体、白菜、土壤、大米、玉米、牧草,而辣椒和萝卜未检出砷;鸡内脏及肌肉砷含量从高到低依次为肾脏、肺脏、心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肌肉;鸭内脏及肌肉砷含量从高到低依次为肾脏、肝脏、肺脏、肌肉、脾脏、心脏;猪内脏及肌肉砷含量从高到低依次为肠、肾脏、肝脏、脾脏,而心脏、肺脏和肌肉未检出。说明磷矿周围饲养的畜禽存在砷污染现象。     

猪细小病毒分离株感染初孕母猪的病毒组织分布和病理学观察

本研究旨在研究猪细小病毒分离株感染初孕母猪后母猪和胎猪的病毒组织分布和组织病理学变化情况。试验选用妊娠35d的初孕母猪接种PPV—BQ株第15代细胞毒,以接种RPMI1640的母猪作为对照。攻毒40d后剖杀,采集母猪的心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、扁桃体、子宫内膜和腹部淋巴结,胎猪的心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、脑和小肠,进行组织病毒载量测定和组织病理学检测。实时定量PCR检测结果显示,攻毒组母猪的心脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏和子宫内膜存在病毒复制,子宫内病毒含量最高;胎猪的心脏、脾脏、肺脏中存在病毒复制。对照组脏器中无病毒复制。病理切片结果显示,攻毒组母猪肺脏出现细支气管性肺炎,脾脏出现淋巴细胞减少,心脏、肝脏、肾脏、扁桃体、子宫内膜和腹部淋巴结未见明显的组织病理学变化;胎猪的脏器未见明显的病理损伤。对照组未发现组织病理学变化。     

清远麻鸡禽白血病病理组织学观察和PCR诊断

本试验选择临床症状明显、经禽白血病抗原检测为阳性的15只祖代清远麻鸡,采集肝脏、脾脏、肾脏等器官进行病理组织学观察和PCR诊断。结果显示,从病理组织切片中观察到肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、骨髓、腺胃、心脏、肺脏、胰腺和卵巢等组织中有大量的淋巴母细胞呈灶状增生或散在分布,以及少量的成髓细胞增生。禽白血病病毒主要侵害祖代清远麻鸡机体的内脏器官和骨髓,对大脑等神经组织损害较轻;PCR扩增结果表明,所采集的15份样品均能扩增出545 bp左右的特异性片段,证明15份组织样品中均存在J亚型禽白血病病毒。     

马兜铃酸Ⅰ对大鼠五脏的毒性及功能影响

【目的】探究马兜铃酸Ⅰ（aristolochic acid Ⅰ，AA-Ⅰ）对大鼠五脏（心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏和肾脏）的毒性及功能影响，为今后马兜铃属类中药临床用药提供参考。【方法】将SD大鼠随机分为AA-Ⅰ给药组和空白对照组，给药组按20 mg/kg灌服AA-Ⅰ，连续7 d。于给药后0.25、0.5、1、2、24 h及停药后15 d，采集大鼠五脏组织。利用HPLC法检测各个时间点五脏组织中的AA-Ⅰ及马兜铃内酰胺Ⅰ（aristolactams-Ⅰ，AL-Ⅰ）含量，并检测大鼠五脏主要生理功能及病理组织学变化。【结果】给药后0.25 h，AA-Ⅰ主要分布于心脏、肝脏、脾脏和肺脏，同时在肝脏和脾脏中检测到AL-Ⅰ；给药后0.5 h，AA-Ⅰ主要分布于心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏和肾脏，除心脏外，其余四脏中AA-Ⅰ含量均达到高峰值，且在肝脏、肺脏、肾脏中检测到AL-Ⅰ；给药后1 h，AA-Ⅰ主要分布于肝脏和肺脏，且在肝脏中检测到AL-Ⅰ；给药后2 h，AA-Ⅰ主要分布于心脏、肝脏、肺脏和肾脏，且在肾脏中检测到AL-Ⅰ；给药后24 h，AA-Ⅰ主要分布于心脏和肝脏，且在肝脏中检测到AL-Ⅰ；停药后15 d，五脏中均未检测到AA-Ⅰ及AL-Ⅰ。功能检测结果显示，大鼠灌服AA-Ⅰ可引起五脏发生氧化应激损伤。【结论】连续7 d给大鼠灌服20 mg/kg AA-Ⅰ，在五脏中均可检测到不同含量的AA-Ⅰ，且在肝脏、肾脏、肺脏及脾脏中检测到AL-Ⅰ。AA-Ⅰ可对五脏造成不同程度的损伤，其损伤与氧化应激有关。     

犊牛组织中小肽转运体(POTs)的表达研究

为研究犊牛部分组织中小肽转运体(proton-dependent oligopeptide transporters,POTs) (PepT1、PepT2、PHT1、PHT2) mRNA的表达,试验选用4头3月龄的中国荷斯坦犊牛进行屠宰,采用实时荧光定量PCR方法来定量组织中小肽转运蛋白表达水平。结果表明,犊牛PepT1 mRNA在瘤胃中表达丰度极显著高于心脏和肌肉(P<0.01);犊牛PepT2 mRNA在肝脏和肾脏中表达丰度极显著高于心脏、脾脏、胸腺、肌肉、瘤胃、网胃、瓣胃、皱胃(P<0.01);犊牛PHT1 mRNA在肺脏和脾脏中表达丰度极显著高于心脏和肌肉(P<0.01);犊牛PHT2 mRNA在肺脏和胸腺中表达丰度显著高于心脏、肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、肌肉、瘤胃、网胃、瓣胃、皱胃(P<0.05)。综上所述,PepT1、PepT2、PHT1、PHT2 mRNA分别在犊牛瘤胃、肾脏和肝脏、脾脏和肺脏、肺脏和胸腺中表达量最高。     

Pathology of sporotrichosis in 10 cats in Rio de Janeiro

Ten cats with sporotrichosis were examined clinically and pathologically. They were in very poor general condition, and had widespread ulcerated cutaneous lesions and respiratory signs. Gross internal abnormalities were found only in the lungs and lymph nodes. Histologically, an inflammatory infiltrate and yeast-like structures were observed in the skin, lungs, liver and lymph nodes. The spleen was congested and contained fungal elements. No microscopical changes were observed in the pancreas, kidneys and heart. Sporothix schenckii was isolated from all the skin samples and nasal swabs obtained in vivo, and from all the samples of lung, liver, spleen, lymph nodes, heart and kidney taken postmortem.     

猪圆环病毒2型在PMWS患猪体内分布的初步研究

利用建立的PCR方法对发生PMWS自然患猪的内脏组织中存在的PCV2病毒DNA进行检测,结果发现PCV2病毒主要存在于病猪的淋巴结、肾脏和脾脏中,在肝脏、肺脏中少量存在,心脏中最少。本研究对PCV2临床诊断和致病机理研究具有一定指导意义。     

The distribution of oxytetracycline in the tissues of Swine following a single oral dose

A single oral dose of oxytetracycline hydrochloride (50 mg/kg) produced detectable residues in the following tissues; adrenal, bile, fat, heart, kidney (cortex), kidney (medulla), liver, lung, lymph node (mesenteric), muscle, serum, spleen, thyroid and urine. The highest residue levels were observed in the urine (441 μg/mL) at three hours after administration and they were still present at 48 hours. Maximum serum levels were observed at two hours after administration. Bile samples were positive for inhibitors in all animals sampled. Drug residues were not detected in spleen, thyroid, lymph node, adrenals and heart at 48 hours.

Drug levels in important edible tissues were expressed as a percentage of drug levels in two tissues with high drug concentrations — urine and kidney cortex. The percentages were highly variable when compared with urine and much less variable when compared to kidney cortex.

Kidney cortex appears to be an excellent tissue for drug residue monitoring.

     

猪A-FABP基因真核表达载体的构建及其组织表达

本实验以长白猪背最长肌为实验材料,进行组织RNA的提取及A-FABP基因的克隆,构建p EGFPN1-A-FABP真核表达载体,并通过脂质体转染成纤维细胞,48 h观察荧光表达。同时应用荧光定量PCR法检测猪7种不同组织(心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、背最长肌、腿肌)中A-FABP基因的差异表达。结果表明:成功构建p EGFP-N1-A-FABP融合表达载体,并在细胞中表达绿色荧光蛋白;A-FABP基因在7种组织中均有表达,其中背最长肌和腿肌中A-FABP基因的表达量最高,与其他组织相比差异极显著(P0.01),而脾脏和肾脏中的表达量相对于心脏、肝脏和肺脏差异显著(P0.05),而A-FABP基因表达量在心脏、肝脏和肺脏中差异不显著(P0.05)。表明该基因能够在真核载体和细胞中表达,并且在猪不同组织的表达具有差异性。     

Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection in a cat: presumptive diagnosis by blood smear examination

Disseminated mycobacteriosis was diagnosed in a 4-year-old, castrated male Domestic Shorthair cat following the observation of one to three retractile, non-staining bacilli in neutrophils and monocytes on a Wright-Leishman-stained blood smear Organisms were bright red following acid-fast staining by Kinyoun's technique. The cat had a history of progressive weight loss, anemia, fever, and sporadic vomiting after eating. In addition to blood smears, mycobacteria also were observed in bone marrow aspirates. During necropsy, multiple small white nodules were observed in the spleen and liver. An enlarged sternal lymph node and ascites also were present. In histologic sections, mycobacteria were observed in granulomas within the lungs, liver, spleen, colon, mesenteric and sternal lymph nodes, omentum, and kidney. Mycobacterium avium complex was isolated from cultures of liver, spleen, lung, and kidney. Occult feline leukemia virus infection, detected by immunofluorescent testing of bone marrow aspirates, may have predisposed this cat to bacterial infection. The serum ELISA test for group-specific feline leukemia virus antigen was negative.     

牛病毒性腹泻病毒在绵羊垂直感染中的抗原分布

将新疆分离的病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）野毒株SHN－98和标准毒株Oregon C-24分别接种无BVDV感染的羔羊和怀孕100天左右的母羊，建立BVDV在绵羊垂直感染的动物模型，应用病毒抗原定位检测的免疫组化染色技术，探求BVDV在实验性感染绵羊经胎盘感染胚胎、羔羊过程中，病毒在感染组织、靶器官、靶细胞中的分布规律。结果表明：BVDV通过母羊的胎盘感染胚胎。BVDV在感染妊娠母羊体内主要分布于心肌、肝、肺、脾、淋巴结、胃肠粘膜、脑神经、子宫粘膜、胎盘等器官组织，其中以胃肠粘膜、脾、淋巴结、脑神经、子宫粘膜、胎盘等器官组织中分布量较多；BVDV在垂直感染胚胎体内主要分布于胸腺、淋巴结、脑、肝、肾、心肌、脾、肺、胃肠粘膜、脐带等器官组织，其中以胸腺、胃肠粘膜、脑神经等器官组织中分布量较多；BVDV在垂直感染羔羊体内主要分布于心、肾、胃肠粘膜、脾、胸腺、淋巴结、大脑、小脑、海马、视丘、视神经、眼球脉络膜等器官组织，其中以胃肠粘膜、大小脑、用、视神经、淋巴结等器官组织中分布较多，在组织分布中，BVDV对上皮细胞、神经胶质细胞、淋巴细胞有较强的亲嗜性，SHN－98和OregonC-24在垂直传播中组织器官的分布无明显差异。     

猪弓形虫自然感染病例病理组织学观察

为探究猪弓形虫感染对猪器官组织学结构的影响,对信阳某猪场自然发病猪进行病理学诊断。处死病猪后采取肝脏组织用福尔马林固定,姬姆萨染色法进行染色。采集肺、肝、肾、淋巴结和心等组织,石蜡包埋,HE染色,光学显微镜下观察。在用姬姆萨染色的肝脏切片上能够观察到弓形虫的速殖子,分别在肺、肝、肾、脾脏、淋巴结和心脏等组织器官切片中发现弓形虫滋养体或假囊,表明该场疾病是由猪弓形虫引起的,各组织器官出现出血、炎性细胞浸润、嗜酸性粒细胞和中性粒细胞增多等病理变化。     

Lymphosarcoma development in sheep experimentally infected with bovine leukaemia virus

Twelve sheep were experimentally infected with a phytohemagglutinin (PHA) treated short term culture of lymphocytes from a cow naturally infected with BLV at the PL stage. Five of 12 (42%) BLV infected sheep had histologically confirmed lymphosarcoma 10-16 months after infection. The PBL's were increased to leukemic levels 3-21 weeks before death due to lymphoblastic leukemia. Lymphocyte proliferation and appearance of immature lymphocytes and lymphoblastic cells in the blood were a characteristic feature of tumour development following inoculation with an Australian strain of BLV. In contrast to a number of previous studies the peripheral lymph nodes of all infected sheep were clinically normal throughout the experimental period but at death gross tumours were evident in the mesentric lymph nodes and the heart in all cases. All the other lymph nodes, liver, spleen, kidney and lung were histologically infiltrated with lymphoid tumour cells. Gross tumours were present in the abomasum (1 out of 5) in the urinary tract (2 out of 5) and in the uterus (1 out of 2). The majority of the tumour cells isolated from the various tissues were centroblastic demonstrating that the malignant leukemia in experimentally infected sheep was of a multicentric centroblastic type. The central nervous system was not involved in any case.