不同行距对一年生黑麦草产草量的影响

本试验以4种行距种植特高一年生黑麦草,对其产草量、分蘖数和再生速度的影响研究表明:一年生黑麦草鲜草产量、分蘖数之间差异显著,再生速度之间差异不显著。行距38 cm时的产草量最高,每666．7 m2鲜草产量达到3 113．5 kg。     

不同播种量对一年生黑麦草生产性能的影响

该试验研究了不同播种量对一年生黑麦草产草量、植株性状、生长速度、单位重量的干草产量等生产性能的影响,结果表明播种量每小区70 g时,产量最高为3 226.83 kg/666.7m2.单株叶片数、单株鲜重、单株干重、株高、单株分蘖数之间差异达到显著水平.茎叶比、风干率等性状随密度增加比值加大,拔节期前处理C4生长速度最快,为适宜播种量,可在生产中推广利用.     

不同播种量对一年生黑麦草生产性能的影响

该试验研究了不同播种量对一年生黑麦草产草量、植株性状、生长速度、单位重量的干草产量等生产性能的影响,结果表明:播种量每小区70g时,产量最高为3226.83kg/666.7m2。单株叶片数、单株鲜重、单株干重、株高、单株分蘖数之间差异达到显著水平。茎叶比、风干率等性状随密度增加比值加大,拔节期前处理C4生长速度最快,为适宜播种量,可在生产中推广利用。     

施肥对黑麦草生长和产量的影响

通过大田试验,研究了不同施肥措施对一年生黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum)生长、叶绿素含量和鲜草产量的影响.结果表明,氮磷钾肥配合施用(NPK)、等氮量的有机肥(OM)处理均显著促进黑麦草的生长和提高其鲜草产量.NPK处理的黑麦草分蘖数、株高、表观叶面积较不施肥对照(CK)、不施氮(PK)和不施磷(NK)处...     

黔南地区4种禾/豆牧草混播组合比较研究

研究了2种禾本科牧草(一年生黑麦草和燕麦)分别与2种豆科牧草(光叶紫花苕和箭筈豌豆)混播组合的生产性能,结果表明,鲜草产量为一年生黑麦草与光叶紫花苕组合的总鲜草产量最高,达281 685.50kg/hm2;分蘖数或分枝数及死亡率、茎叶比和干鲜比,一年生黑麦草与光叶紫花苕组合均优于其他3个组合;4种牧草组合的最优混播比例有待进一步研究。综合分析,一年生黑麦草与光叶紫花苕组合适宜作为黔南地区刈割型牧草地种植利用。     

不同刈割高度对多花黑麦草产量和品质的影响

多花黑麦草Lolium multifolium具有很强的再生性和耐刈性,为了确定最佳的刈割利用方式,在有限的耕地中获得较高的产量和效益,采用小区试验的方法,研究了不同刈割高度对多花黑麦草特高和杰威产草量和品质的影响.结果表明:刈割高度对多花黑麦草鲜草产量、干物质产量、品质和生长特性有较大影响,随刈割高度的增加,年产草量增加,生长强度增加,再生速度减慢,粗蛋白含量下降.75 cm刈割平均鲜草产量和干物质产量分别为70 451.9和9 634.8 kg/hm2,比30 cm高刈割平均增产40.97%和58.9%.75 cm高刈割平均生长速度最慢,但生长强度最大,干物质积累速度最高,平均达到43.54 kg/(hm2*d).特高和杰威品种间产量和品质差异不显著.     

野生硬雀麦栽培驯化研究

通过硬雀麦Bromus rigidus与3种一年生黑麦草Lolium multiflorum和莜麦Avena nuda的品种比较试验,结果表明:硬雀麦产草量达76 095.0 kg/hm2,仅次于阿伯德多花黑麦草(77 589.0 kg/hm2),略高于邦德一年生黑麦草(74 212.5 kg/hm2),三者之间差异不显著(P>0.05);高于赣选1号多花黑麦草(67 033.5 kg/hm2)和莜麦(66 697.5 kg/hm2),差异极显著(P<0.01)。硬雀麦的播种量以73.3125 kg/hm2,行距15 cm为最佳,平均产量可达98 227.5 kg/hm2。硬雀麦可作为过渡带冬闲田种植的优良牧草。     

不同施肥量对贵草1号多花黑麦草生产性能的影响

试验以责草1号多花黑麦草为材料,研究刈割后不同追肥量对再生速度、茎叶比、分蘖和鲜草产量的影响.结果表明:贵草1号主要生长季节在4、5、6三个月,这期间可刈割利用4次,随着追肥量的增加,贵草1号鲜草产量显著增加,茎叶比也增加,但牧草品质变差.贵草1号多花黑麦草最佳追尿素量是120 kg/hm2(8 kg/亩).鲜草产量达40.08 t/hm2(2672 kg/亩)以上,同时有较好的品质.     

一年生黑麦草刈割利用后第二年长势情况比较研究

在昆明地区对"特高"、"邦德"等7个一年生黑麦草品种第二年的生长速度、产草量、分蘖、茎叶比等进行了比较研究,结果表明"特高"长势最好,"邦德"、"珍尼"次之,营养生长末期鲜草产量分别为6 810.4 kg/hm2、6 206.2 kg/hm2、6 131.6 kg/hm2.特高生长最快,营养生长早、中、晚3期的生长速度分别为063cm/d、0.58 cm/d、0.51 cm/d,始终显著高于同期的其他品种(p＜0.05).因此,在昆明地区,"特高"可作为短期一年生牧草在生产中推广应用;"邦德"、"珍尼"的生产性能仅次于"特高",也可以适当推广应用.     

多花黑麦草不同品种在达州浅丘地区生产性能比较研究

就7个多花黑麦草品种在达州浅丘地区的生产性能进行比较研究,比较分析各品种物候期、生长速度、产草量及茎叶比等性状。结果表明:长江2号(0. 625cm/d)和川农1号(0. 622cm/d)冬季生长速度相对较快,具有明显的冬季生长优势。总鲜草产量和总干草产量剑宝最高,长江2号和川农1号表现较好,各品种第3茬鲜草产量为主要产量。茎叶比最高的为长江2号,最低的为杰特。综合分析,剑宝、长江2号和川农1号在生长速度、产量、株高、分蘖数等性状上表现较好,适合在达州浅丘地区推广。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.