犬膀胱结石的诊治

犬膀胱结石是犬的一种常见病 ,不论雌雄犬均可发生 ,以老龄犬多发。 2 0 0 2年 1 0～ 1 1月 ,笔者先后接诊 3只膀胱结石的病犬 ( 1雌 2雄 )。通过手术治疗 ,1只雌犬和 1只雄犬痊愈 ,另一只雄犬因发病时间较长和尿毒症 ,于术后第 5天死亡。1　发病情况及症状西施犬 ,雌性 ,3岁半 ,食欲逐渐减退 ,尿淋漓 ,排尿时呈痛苦状 ,腹部日渐膨胀 ,且两天未见排尿 ,体温 38.9℃ ,精神沉郁。京巴犬 ,雄性 ,5岁 ,发病已 2 d,表现为频频排尿 ,尿量少呈点滴状 ,并有血尿 ,体温 39.4℃ ,食欲正常 ,排尿时有疼痛表现。德国黑背犬 ,雄性 ,6岁 ,1 0 d前发现尿频 …     

犬膀胱结石的诊疗

犬膀胱结石是犬临床常见的泌尿系统疾病之一,结石在膀胱、尿道等泌尿器官中蓄积,引起膀胱、尿道等器官机械性损伤或阻塞,出现尿频、尿淋漓、排尿带痛、血尿、尿潴留、腹围膨大等明显症状,如治疗不及时,可导致病犬死亡。2010年10月24日,我们对接诊的病犬,通过病史调查、临床检查、B超检查及手术疗法,诊断病犬由于长期采食火腿肠、鸡肝、碎肉等高蛋白质日粮而引发的膀胱结石。     

犬膀胱结石临床诊治体会

如今随着生活水平的逐渐提高,犬的饮食也随之变得更多样,然而随之产生的各种疾病也越来越多,犬膀胱结石是犬临床常见的泌尿系统疾病之一.主要引起膀胱、尿道等器官机械性损伤或阻塞,出现尿频、尿淋漓、排尿疼痛、血尿、尿潴留、腹围膨大等明显症状,若不及时治疗则会致死.要通过对不同症状的诊断采取不同的措施进行治疗从而使病犬痊愈,本文对犬膀胱结石症的临床诊断和治疗进行研究.     

一例犬膀胱结石的诊断与治疗

尿石症是宠物门诊较常见的疾病之一。尿石症是指尿中的盐类结晶析出形成核心物质并逐渐增大成颗粒状物,在临床病例中主要是膀胱结石和尿道结石,临床表现为尿频、血尿、尿淋漓或尿闭等明显症状。若不及时治疗随病程延长可引起犬猫死亡。近期接收一例病犬,临床表现为腹围增大、排尿困难、血尿等症状,经诊断为膀胱结石,随即实施手术治疗。1病犬基本情况杂种犬,雌性,体重10.9千克,体温38.4℃2诊断2.1临床检查结果2.1.1视诊该犬体型较胖,腹围较大,频坐排尿姿     

腊肠犬膀胱结石的诊治

正犬膀胱结石由多种原因引起,是一种伴有泌尿器官病理状态的全身矿物质代谢紊乱的结果[1]。发病初期临床症状不明显,病情加重时食欲下降、尿频、血尿、腹围增大、尿淋漓。可根据病史、临床症状、X线检查、实验室分析等做出诊断[1,2]。治疗方法有药物治疗和手术治疗等。现将1例腊肠犬膀胱结石的诊治介绍如下,供参考。1发病情况2014年3月,接诊1例病犬,腊肠犬,雄性,10岁,体重7.5 kg。主诉:每年定期接种疫苗和驱     

2例犬膀胱结石的诊治体会

<正>犬膀胱结石是犬泌尿道的一种常见病,主要以排尿困难、尿频、尿血、排尿呻吟、努责等为主要特征。雌、雄犬均可发生,多见于中老龄犬,随着病情的发展,患犬可能出现腹胀,触摸腹部可感觉膀胱充盈、膨大,有时排尿可排出细小颗粒或细沙样结石,最终因膀胱破裂而死亡。2015年3-6月,甘肃畜牧工程职业技术学院动物医院先后接诊犬膀胱结石病例2例,通过临床检查、影像学检查、血液学检查等确诊,通过手术治愈。     

犬、猫尿石症的发病机理、病因分析及预防措施

犬、猫尿石症是宠物门诊较常见的疾病之一.尿结石是指尿中的盐类结晶析出,并逐渐增大成为颗粒状物,在临床病例中主要是膀胱结石和尿道结石.患病犬、猫常因尿石颗粒增大引起尿路损伤性炎症或阻塞,出现尿频、血尿、尿淋漓或尿闭等明显的临床症状,若不及时治疗,随着病程延长可引起犬、猫的死亡.     

犬前列腺全切除术

<正>2015年11月8日,天津市威利固德宠物诊所接诊一例8岁雄性喜乐蒂病犬。主诉:犬于半年前已行去势术,目前尿频、尿淋漓1个多月,近1周饮食欲差。经某动物医院检查诊断患犬为前列腺病变。主人要求对患犬施行前列腺全切除术。现将病例治疗过程报道如下。1临床检查患犬尿频、尿淋漓。腹部触诊无痛感,膀胱充盈、坚实。对患犬进行血常规及血液生化指标检查;膀胱与前列腺进行超声波和X射线造影检查。     

1例母犬膀胱结石的诊治体会

膀胱结石多发生于公犬 ,母犬少见。笔者 1999年 3月 18日收治了 1例母犬膀胱结石 ,现介绍如下。1　发病情况本市的马某饲养 1只西施母犬 ,尿频、排尿困难和尿淋漓已经有一段时间。近期发现排血尿 ,但饮食正常。开始犬主认为该犬发情 ,而未及时就诊。检测体温为 3 8 6℃ ,心肺正常 ,腹围不大 ,腹壁紧张 ,触诊无压痛及未触到任何硬块。连续3ｄ用青霉素 160万Ｕ、链霉素 2 0 0万Ｕ、止血芳酸治疗 ,无任何效果。最后作Ｂ超检查 ,确诊为膀胱结石 ,大小为 3 3ｃｍ×2 2ｃｍ ,结石大 ,实属罕见。第 2天下午在门诊进行膀胱取石手术。2　手术治疗肌…     

手术治疗犬膀胱结石28例

犬膀胱结石是犬泌尿道结石中最常见的一种疾病 ,不论雌雄均可发生 ,主要见于中老龄犬。笔者近 3年来手术治疗犬膀胱结石 2 8例 ,治愈 2 4例 ,成功率达 80 %。现总结如下。1　临床症状及诊断患犬消瘦 ,被毛枯燥无光 ,拱背缩腹 ,出现尿频 ,排尿疼痛 ,有时血尿。若膀胱结石堵塞尿道 ,患犬精神烦躁或忧郁 ,头向后弯曲 ,频频回顾后躯。频频作排尿姿势 ,不断发出尖叫或呻吟 ,尿液呈线状或滴状 ,排尿时间延长。无尿排出时 ,腹围增大 ,有时尿中带血。若膀胱破裂 ,引起尿毒症和腹膜炎 ,则病犬精神极度沉郁。触诊腹部敏感 ,疼痛。若尿道完全堵塞 ,膀胱…     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.