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维生素E和维生素C的协同抗氧化作用及对水产动物的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
蛋白质氧化、脂质过氧化以及各种应激反应会损害水产动物的健康,影响水产养殖业的发展。维生素C(vitamin C,VC)和维生素E(vitamin E,VE)不仅是人和动物包括水产动物的必需微量营养素,而且能协同抗氧化作用,防止或减少蛋白质氧化、脂质过氧化及各种应激反应,发挥保护作用。文章重点综述VE和VC协同抗氧化作用、机理、对水产动物生长、繁殖、免疫、酶活性等方面的影响,旨在更好地了解、研究、有效利用和调控VE和VC在水产动物上的协同抗氧化作用,提高健康水平,促进生长发育,发展水产养殖业。 相似文献
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维生素E(VE)与水产动物的生长性能、繁殖功能、免疫功能、抗氧化功能、肉质品质有着密切的关系.本文主要阐述了维生素E在水产动物中的主要生理作用及影响其需要量的因素. 相似文献
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维生素 E( VE)又称生育酚或抗不育因子,它是具有α-生育酚生物活性的所有生育酚和生育三烯酚的总称。已知的 VE有 8种,不同 VE在结构上的区别,在于甲基数和两类维生素都存在α,β,γ,δ四种同分异构体,其中的α-生育酚活性最高,分布最广,最具代表性,但自然界天然 VE很容易氧化。市售的 VE是经过稳定化的 dl-α-生育酚醋酸酯。 VE作为动物必需的营养物质之一,在动物体内有多种功能: 1 VE与生物抗氧化作用 1.1 VE的最主要作用是生物抗氧化剂作用,保护不饱和脂肪酸( PUFA),尤其是亚油酸免受自动氧化。… 相似文献
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虾青素(astaxanthin)广泛存在于生物界中,特别是水生动物的虾、蟹、鱼和鸟类的羽毛中,起显色的作用。它是一种非维生素A原的类胡萝卜素,在动物体内不能转变为维生素A,但其具有高效抗氧化、抗癌变、增强机体免疫力及着色等功能。因而在食品添加剂、水产养殖、化妆品、保健品和医 相似文献
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黄树甫 《畜牧兽医科技信息》2018,(8)
正随着人们生活水平的提高,水生产品也成为我们饭桌上的常见食品,而水生动物疫病会对人类造成不可避免的伤害。我国的水产养殖业早就取得了很大的发展,但也存在着一些问题。其中最主要的是水生动物疫病防治。水生动物疫病不仅会使我国的水产养殖业的生产率下降,也会对人们的健康构成危害,尤其是那些水生动物与人类共患的疾病,如寄生虫病等。因此水产养殖业人员应该了解和分析水生动物疫病的特点,制定出相应的解决措施。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献