茶花鸡遗传资源保护与产业化发展

茶花鸡是在西双版纳特定的地理自然环境和温暖湿润气候条件下,由当地红色原鸡经长期驯化选育而形成的地方品种,因公鸡叫声似"茶花两朵"而得名,曾载入云南省和国家地方畜禽品种志,2000年和2006年分别被列入"国家级畜禽品种资源保护名录"。本文概述了版纳茶花鸡近25年     

镇沅瓢鸡品种资源介绍与开发

镇沅瓢鸡是镇沅为数较少的特色家禽品种之一,属于云南省六大名鸡之一,2009年9月15日,镇沅瓢鸡被云南省列为濒危畜禽品种保护名录.2009年11月6日,镇沅瓢鸡通过了国家畜禽遗传资源鉴定委员会的鉴定,成为我国一个具有特异性的优良地方鸡种.2011年1月15日,中华人民共和国农业部第1 325号公告将镇沅瓢鸡列为国家畜禽遗传资源名录.本文通过介绍镇沅瓢鸡的生产现状,品种来源及特点,生产性能,有效保护与开发利用.     

“仙居鸡”获地理标志证明商标

<正>近日,从北京传来喜讯,"仙居鸡"地理标志证明商标成功注册。这是浙江省仙居县继"仙居杨梅"之后又一件地理标志证明商标。仙居鸡是我国著名的地方良种鸡,具有体型小巧、产蛋量高、肉质鲜嫩、适应性强等种质特征,被列入《国家级禽畜品种资源保护名录》,在《中国家禽品种志》排名首位,有"中华第一鸡"美誉。     

贵州省地方鸡种资源的研究及其保护和利用

贵州省地方鸡种资源丰富，据1980—1985年全省畜禽品种资源调查结果，编入《贵州省畜禽品种志》的地方禽种有11个，其中本地品种9个(竹乡鸡、威宁鸡、黔东小香鸡、高脚鸡、矮脚鸡、三穗鸭、兴义鸭、天柱番鸭、平扒灰鹅)；培育鸡种2个(贵州黄鸡、贵农金黄鸡)。近年来贵州地区乃至全国范围     

华东地区优质鸡基本特性的市场调查

人们将黄羽肉鸡分为优质型、中速型和快长型3种,其中优质型肉鸡是以土种鸡为主要血液的地方品种和培育品种.如江西的崇仁麻鸡、浙江的仙居鸡和江苏的太湖鸡等都是优质鸡的典型代表.培育品种中,江苏省家禽科学研究所培育的邵伯鸡、江苏京海集团培育的京海黄鸡、常州立华畜禽有限公司培育的雪山鸡等都属优质鸡的范围.     

泰宁金湖乌凤鸡品种资源保护措施

金湖乌凤鸡主产于泰宁县境内农村及周边将乐、建宁、邵武和江西黎川县的部分乡镇。2003年12月15日经福建省畜禽品种审定委员会审定,批准金湖乌凤鸡为地方品种,并发给《畜禽新品种(配套系)证书》。为了保护这珍稀禽种,制定了一系列选育及健康养殖方案。有关该品种的分布、饲养历     

狼山鸡与乌骨鸡杂交试验报告

狼山鸡是我国著名的蛋肉兼用型优秀地方鸡种，原产于江苏省如东县境内，以马塘、岔河为中心，旁及掘港、拼茶、丰利、双甸，南通县的石港等地也有分布。狼山鸡作为国际知名鸡种之一，世界著名鸡种奥品顿、澳洲黑含有它的血统，并被收入了《中国家禽品种志》、《江苏省家畜品种志》。农业部2000年公告将狼山鸡列入国家畜禽资源保护品种名录。为了加速狼山鸡的开发利用，对狼山鸡和乌骨鸡进行杂交试验。     

辽宁庄河大骨鸡种质资源保护与利用

大骨鸡又称庄河鸡,是我国著名的肉蛋兼用型地方品种,原产于辽宁省辽东半岛庄河市。早在200多年前,山东移民迁入庄河,带来山东寿光鸡和九斤黄鸡与当地土鸡杂交,经过百年选育形成庄河大骨鸡。是《中国家禽品种志》收录鸡品种之一,根据庄河鸡生境地和生态环境条件及独特的生物学特性,农业部于2000年确定该鸡为“国家级畜禽品种资源保护目录”,2006年又被列为“国家级畜禽遗传资源保护品种”之一。年存栏量600万羽以上。该鸡体型硕大,产蛋量多,蛋重大,肉质鲜嫩,肉味鲜美,素有“超鸡凤凰”之美誉,具有耐粗饲、抗病能力强、适宜放牧,是辽宁省畜牧业著名品牌之一。如何有效利用和保护这一珍贵遗传资源、提高其利用价值意义重大。     

"激生3号"基因工程疫苗对狼山鸡前期生长性能的影响

狼山鸡是我国著名的蛋肉兼用型优秀地方鸡种。狼山鸡作为国际知名鸡种之一,早在1872年即被引入英国,深受英、美、日、德等国的重视,奥品顿、澳洲黑等鸡有它的血统,并被收入了《中国家禽品种志》、《江苏省家畜家禽品种志》,农业部2000年130号公告将狼山鸡列入国家级畜禽资源保护品种名录。     

略阳乌鸡选育与种鸡饲养管理技术

略阳乌鸡属肉用型优质地方鸡种,1982年陕西省畜禽品种志编委会将该鸡种确定为肉用型地方良种鸡.列入陕西省畜禽地方品种志.     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.