调运牛羊的检疫监管与体会

随着畜牧业的快速发展,区域之间的动物调运频繁,动物疫病也随着动物的流通而扩散和蔓延,给动物防疫工作带来难度,给畜牧业的发展带来严重的威胁。我县作为青海省重要的牛羊输出县,面对省外较为复杂的动物疫情形势,牛羊等动物调运检疫监管工作显的尤为重要,做好调运牛羊的检疫监管工作是有效防控外来动物疾病的重要环节,是保护我县养殖业健康快速发展的重要保证。本文将对如何加强调运过程中的牛羊动物的检疫监管做一分析并谈几点体会,仅供同行参考。     

世卫组织亚太区良好兽医管理研讨会在上海召开

2009年11月19日至20日，省动物防疫监督总所在深圳市龙岗区组织召开珠三角区域动物及动物产品检疫监管联席会议，研究如何建立珠三角区域动物及动物产检疫监管联席制度，进一步加强珠三角检疫监管与联合巡查区域合作，交流检疫监管典型经验和主要做法。省动物防疫监督总所所长屈源泉、深圳市农业渔业局农产品质量安全监督管理处长郑璇出席会议并作重要讲话。     

防检结合强化动物检疫

动物及动物产品的检疫是防疫工作中的重要组成部分，加强监管的力度是保障动物产品质量安全的关键。现就如何防检结合，强化动物检疫工作，谈几点建议。     

基层动物检疫监管工作存在的问题和建议

动物检疫是指对动物、动物产品实施的产地检疫、屠宰检疫。是预防、控制动物疫病,防止疫病传播、扩散和流行的重要手段,对保障动物卫生安全和人民群众身体健康起着重要的作用。随着《动物防疫法》、《畜牧法》等相关法律法规的的颁布实施,动物检疫监管工作变得越来越规范化、法制化。但目前来看,基层动物检疫监管工作还存在许多问题。     

我国与有关国家或地区伴侣动物进出境检疫制度比较

为建立符合中国国情的伴侣动物检疫监管秩序,防范动物疫病的传入和传出,通过研究日本、澳大利亚等国家或地区伴侣动物的检疫要求,分析我国伴侣动物检疫监管现状和存在问题,提出了进一步加强出入境伴侣动物检疫监管方面的建议。     

检疫证明实行网络化管理的建议

动物检疫合格证明是动物及动物产品检疫合格的法定凭证，在全国加强食品安全监管的新形势下，加强对动物检疫合格证明的监管极为重要。但在实际工作中，因为检疫证明印制、填写等方面存在一些漏洞，     

进口动物产品检疫监管刍议

动物卫生监督机构在对进口动物产品检疫监管中存在适用法律错误、超越职权、主体错位等问题。笔者建议相关部门应当依照法律法规的规定,厘清各自检疫监管职能,明确进出境动物产品的检疫及后续监管职责是进出境动植物检疫机关的法定职责,《动物防疫法》及《动物检疫管理办法》不适用于进出境动物产品检疫。     

试论动物检疫合格证明优化

动物检疫合格证明是官方兽医依法实施动物、动物产品检疫行政许可的法律文件,是动物检疫工作的平稳高效运转的重要抓手,有利于预防、控制动物疫病,促进养殖业生产安全与健康发展。本文梳理了检疫证明的发展特点,结合当前动物检疫监管现状,指出了在对检疫证明本身的认知、检疫证明有效期、动物产品检疫标志加施等方面存在的问题,由此提出了调整检疫证明名称及表述,细化检疫标志加施条件以及设定监管中判定检疫证明"证物不符"的情形的对策建议,以期为法律制度完善及管理政策优化提供参考。     

入境伴侣动物检疫监管存在问题及对策

对入境伴侣动物实施有效检疫,防止外来疫病传入国境,是口岸动物检疫部门一项重要工作。本文结合笔者多年实际工作经验,围绕目前我国入境伴侣动物检疫监管中存在的问题,积极探索行之有效的检疫监管新模式,以确保国境安全和人民健康。     

实行检疫申报管理 强化动物检疫工作

检疫申报是指生产、经营动物、动物产品的单位和个人在其动物、动物产品发生移动以前,依照有关规定向所在地动物检疫机关提出检疫要求的过程。但是,在实际工作中,一些生产、经营单位及个人因法制观念不强,自觉接受检疫、主动配合检疫的意识差,甚至千方百计地逃避检疫、偷漏防疫费、检疫费、消毒费、技改费等畜牧兽医规费。针对上述情况,笔者所在县在动物检疫工作上运用检疫申报管理制度的办法后有效地解决了这些问题,并取得了明显效果。１检疫申报管理制度及办法１．１凡是在县境内从事动物、动物产品生产、加工、经营的单位、个人以…     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

獭兔睾丸的组织学观察

家兔作为一种实验动物 ,推动了繁殖技术的发展。本试验通过对不同年龄公獭兔的睾丸进行组织学观察、测定 ,研究精子的发生规律 ,为系统地进行繁殖生理工作提供依据。1　材料与方法选 60日龄、75日龄、90日龄 3个年龄公獭兔各5只 ,用外科手术法摘取两侧睾丸 ,放入 Bouin氏液中固定 ,二甲苯透明 ,石蜡包埋 ,切成 5～ 8μm切片 ,H.E.染色。在显微镜下观察 ,并进行定量组织学指标测定及差异性比较。2　结果和讨论2 .1　睾丸定量组织学指标的测定结果　见表 1。表 1　獭兔睾丸定量组织学指标　　　μm,个 /精细管60日龄 75日龄 90日龄曲细精管…     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Observations of fracture of the anconeal process of the ulna of swine

Fractures of the anconeal process of 5 pigs ranging in age from 4 to 8 months were studied radiographically and histologically. Clinically, animals with a fracture of the anconeal process had a "tight," restricted gait. In pigs at 4.5 months of age, a radiolucent line through the base of the anconeal process was composed of fibrocartilage, fibrous connective tissue, and hyaline cartilage. Subperiosteal proliferation of woven bone was located along the cranial surface of the olecranon, adjacent to the base of the anconeal process. In older animals, the radiolucent line through the anconeal process contained variable amounts of fibrous connective tissue and fibrocartilage. The proliferation of subperiosteal bone at the base of the anconeal process formed a "buttress callus" which retained a radiolucent area between the callus and the proximal surface of the anconeal process. The latter region of radiolucency was continuous with the transversely oriented line that traversed the base of the anconeal process.     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.