蒲公英甾醇粗提物抗炎作用研究

通过建立醋酸致小鼠毛细血管通透性增强模型,二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀模型和角叉菜胶致大鼠足趾肿胀模型,研究蒲公英甾醇粗提物对炎症的抑制作用.设立模型组,蒲公英甾醇粗提物组和阳性组,蒲公英甾醇粗提物组分别给予蒲公英甾醇750、375、187.5 mg/kg,连续灌胃5d,观察蒲公英甾醇对小鼠毛细血管通透性、耳廓肿胀和大鼠足趾肿胀的抑制作用.结果显示,蒲公英甾醇对醋酸致小鼠毛细血管通透性增强,二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀和角叉菜胶致大鼠足趾肿胀均有显著抑制作用.表明蒲公英甾醇具有明显的体内抗炎作用.     

蒲公英不同提取物抗炎效果研究

为了解蒲公英主要药效成分的抗炎效果,通过建立二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀模型筛选出蒲公英的抗炎成分,并通过二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀,蛋清致大鼠足跖肿胀及大鼠棉球肉芽肿模型,研究蒲公英抗炎成分对毛细血管扩张和通透性亢进、渗出水肿、白细胞向炎症聚集、纤维组织增生的抑制作用。结果显示,蒲公英的主要抗炎成分为蒲公英黄酮,对二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀,蛋清致大鼠足跖肿胀及大鼠棉球肉芽肿均有明显抑制作用。表明蒲公英黄酮对急慢性炎症均具有良好的抑制作用,并且高剂量组的蒲公英黄酮抗炎效果最好。     

芪草乳康颗粒的主要药效学试验

为了研究芪草乳康颗粒的主要药效,试验考察了其对二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀、甲醛和蛋清所致大鼠足趾肿胀和棉球所致小鼠肉芽肿的影响。结果表明:芪草乳康颗粒可显著抑制由二甲苯所致的小鼠耳廓肿胀,甲醛和蛋清所致的大鼠足趾肿胀,棉球所致的小鼠肉芽肿。说明芪草乳康颗粒对炎症有一定的抑制作用。     

抗炎中药方蒲和饮的抗炎作用试验

通过建立二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀模型和10%鲜鸡蛋清致小鼠足趾肿胀模型,研究中药方蒲和饮对炎症的抑制作用及最佳用药剂量。试验设立模型组(生理盐水,等容积)、地塞米松组(40 mg/kg体重)、蒲和饮高剂量组(160 mg/kg体重)、蒲和饮中剂量组(80 mg/kg体重)、蒲和饮低剂量组(40 mg/kg体重),各组按0.1 m L/10 g灌胃给药,每天1次,连续灌胃5 d。观察蒲和饮对二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀模型和10%鲜鸡蛋清致小鼠足趾肿胀模型的抑制作用。结果中药方蒲和饮能明显降低二甲苯炎症模型小鼠的耳廓肿胀度和肿胀率,与模型组有极显著性差异(P0.01);能显著降低10%鲜鸡蛋清致足趾肿胀模型小鼠的足趾肿胀率,与模型组比较差异显著(P0.05,P0.01)。表明抗炎中药方蒲和饮对二甲苯和鲜鸡蛋清所致的炎症具有显著的抑制作用。     

中药复方宫炎净注射液的抗炎作用研究

为探讨中药复方宫炎净注射液对小鼠急性炎症的抗炎作用,试验通过二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、蛋清致小鼠足趾肿胀、冰醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性及棉球致肉芽肿4个急性炎症模型来研究其抗炎作用。结果表明,中药复方宫炎净注射液能显著减少小鼠的耳廓肿胀率和降低小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性（P＜0.05）;显著抑制棉球肉芽组织的生长和足趾肿胀率（P＜0.05）;其中以中药复方宫炎净注射液高剂量组效果最为显著,且与西药对照组相比无显著差异（P＞0.05）。因此,中药复方宫炎净注射液抗炎作用显著。     

蒙药雄银散抗炎作用的初步研究

本试验目的是探讨蒙药雄银散的抗炎作用,通过对二甲苯所致的小鼠耳廓肿胀实验、对蛋清与甲醛所致小鼠足趾致肿实验、对醋酸所致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性影响实验、对棉球所致小鼠肉芽肿实验和方法做评价雄银散的抗炎作用。结果显示雄银散能显著抑制二甲苯所致耳廓肿胀的急性炎症;显著抑制小鼠蛋清与甲醛所致足趾肿胀;显著抑制醋酸所致的毛细血管通透性升高;对棉球所致肉芽肿有显著的抑制作用,结果表明蒙药雄银散有较好的抗炎作用。     

抗奶牛乳腺炎蒙药复方的抗炎作用研究

研究治疗奶牛乳腺炎蒙药复方的抗炎作用.采用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀法、甲醛所致大鼠足趾肿胀法、小鼠棉球肉芽肿法和醋酸所致小鼠毛细血管通透性增高法,探讨蒙药复方Ⅰ和蒙药复方Ⅱ的抗炎作用.结果显示这两种蒙药复方均能明显抑制二甲苯所致的小鼠耳廓肿胀和甲醛所致大鼠足趾肿胀,减少小鼠棉球肉芽肿的形成,同时对醋酸所致小鼠毛细血管通透性增高具有显著抑制作用,从而表明这两种蒙药复方具有较显著抗炎作用.     

藏药甘青虎耳草总黄酮对小鼠抗炎作用的研究

目的:观察甘青虎耳草总黄酮的抗炎作用并对其机制进行初步研究。方法:采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀、冰醋酸致小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增高、棉球致小鼠肉芽肿模型,观察甘青虎耳草总黄酮对小鼠的抗炎作用。结果:甘青虎耳草总黄酮能显著抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀,甘青虎耳草总黄酮低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组对二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀的抑制率分别为21.76%,65.29%和75.295%;明显抑制冰醋酸引起的小鼠腹腔毛细血管通透性增强,并且能有效抑制小鼠肉芽肿的作用。结论:甘青虎耳草总黄酮具有明显的抗炎作用。     

提取方法对蒲公英、连翘和金银花复方抗炎作用的影响

研究提取方法对蒲公英、连翘和金银花复方抗炎作用的影响。采用醋酸致小鼠腹腔通透性改变、二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀和棉球肉芽肿3种炎症病理模型,分别考察中药复方分煎液与合煎液对炎症模型小鼠的抗炎效果。结果表明,蒲公英、连翘和金银花复方对小鼠急、慢性炎症具有显著的抑制作用(P0.01),高剂量和中剂量的中药复方分煎液对醋酸致小鼠腹腔通透性增加的抑制率显著高于中药复方合煎液同等剂量组(P0.05或P0.01),中药复方分煎液对小鼠棉球肉芽肿的抑制率显著高于中药复方合煎液同等剂量组(P0.05或P0.01),中药复方分煎液对二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀抑制率与中药复方合煎液同等剂量组差异不显著(P0.05)。提示蒲公英、连翘和金银花复方的分煎提取液抗炎效果优于合煎提取液。     

金归煎剂的抗炎作用研究

为了研究金归煎剂的抗炎作用,采用急性和慢性炎症模型来观察金归煎剂对二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀、小鼠棉球肉芽肿及蛋清致大鼠足跖肿胀的影响.结果显示,金归煎剂能显著抑制二甲苯所致的小鼠耳肿胀、蛋清所致的大鼠足跖肿胀和小鼠肉芽组织的增生,表明金归煎剂具有明显的抗炎作用.     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.