快速检测"瘦肉精"在生产中的应用

"瘦肉精"在医学上称为盐酸克伦特罗,是一种肾上腺类神经兴奋荆,对人体健康的危害极大.介绍了"瘦肉精"检测器材的使用步骤及注意事项,同时对其检测原理及结果的判断方法进行了概述.     

动物性产品中"瘦肉精"残留的检测方法研究进展

本文综述了“瘦肉精”检测方法的研究进展。指出简易检验法、高效液相色谱法(HPLC)、气相色谱-质谱法(CG-MS)、毛细管区带电泳法(CE)和免疫分析技术(IA)是目前国内外用于检测CLB的常用方法,但都不是十分理想,新兴的滴金免疫技术(DIGFA)和生物传感器技术(BS)由于其明显的技术优越性,必将成为CLB检测技术的新宠儿。     

关于"瘦肉精"的危害、检测技术和监管

瘦肉精是一种可对人体产生极大危害的动物饲料添加剂,长期食用瘦肉精可引起人体中毒,并出现肌肉震颤、心动过速、恶心、腹痛等症状,甚至导致高血压、甲亢等疾病患者死亡.目前检测瘦肉精方法包括感官辨别和化学检测,化学检测具有灵敏度、准确性和特异度高的特点,可对瘦肉精进行定量、定性和筛选检测.鉴于瘦肉精对人体的危害,相关部门需要发挥舆论宣传、完善管理体制、强化全程监管,加强"瘦肉精"使用监管.     

抓好生猪尿样采集确保"瘦肉精"正确检测

采集生猪尿样是“瘦肉精”(盐酸克伦特罗)检测过程中重要的环节。巴城镇畜牧兽医站在镇政府的支持下,在昆山市畜牧兽医站的指导下,认真抓好生猪尿样采集工作,现将情况简述如下:1瘦肉精检测中尿样采集情况巴城镇共有居民23000多人,镇内除了常住人口和外资企业、民营企业人口之外,在旅游季节还迎来成千上万的旅游者,到巴城阳澄湖畔风景区观光度假,所以猪肉是菜肴中不可缺少的食品,况且每日需求量比较大。然而每日供应的猪肉绝大部分由外地运来的生猪,均在巴城镇食品站定点屠宰场宰杀后销售。为了确保全镇居民和旅游者吃上“放心肉”,从2005年1…     

乳成分在线测定仪——"魔盒"

魔盒(如左图)只有拳头般大小,但它的功能却多样,在挤奶的同时,能在线检测原料奶的各种成分,包含乳脂、乳蛋白、乳糖、总固体、尿素,血、体细胞,其中体细胞又可分成四个类别,(a)体细胞<20万/mL,(b)体细胞在20￣40万/mL,(c)体细胞在40￣80万/mL,(d)体细胞>80万/mL。检测的时间就是牛只完成挤奶的同时,即在挤奶的瞬间,魔盒对牛奶中的上述指标进行检测。测出的数据将自动显示并保存在电脑中,并由阿菲牧(由以色列阿菲金公司研发)牛场管理软件永久保存,方便随时随地查阅。这些数据对牛场和乳品企业具有如下意义:1对牧场生产具有直接的指导意义牛…     

运用ELISA检测"瘦肉精"的技术要点

高效液相色谱(HPLC)和气相色谱——质谱(GC-MS)法曾作为检测盐酸克伦特罗的常用方法，但由于检测费用昂贵，步骤繁琐，现已不适用于畜牧兽医部门的检测。竞争酶标免疫法(ELISA)运用抗原抗体反应的原理，能快速地对“瘦肉精”作出定量分析，一般实验只需2～3h，适用于宰前检测，而且实验具有准确性高、重复性强的优点，检测费用也相对低廉。现将该方法介绍如下。     

昆明市猪尿样中"瘦肉精"的监测

2003年12月至2004年11月，昆明市动物监督检验所开展了生猪“瘦肉精”的监测工作，现将检测结果报道如下。 1 材料与方法 1．1 盐酸克伦特罗ELISA检测试剂盒农业部推荐的德国拜发（Biopharm）公司生产的盐酸克伦特罗（CLB）酶联免疫（ELISA）检测试剂盒。     

广州市番禺区生猪"瘦肉精"残留检测的做法及体会

"瘦肉精"即盐酸克伦特罗,是一种β-肾上腺素受体激动剂,添加在饲料中,可促进动物生长和增加瘦肉率,是国家违禁兽药.广州市番禺区以往采用生猪宰后检测"瘦肉精"的方法,不能有效阻截含"瘦肉精"的生猪流向市场.2006年《广州市生猪屠宰检疫和违禁药物检测实施办法》(下称《实施办法》)出台后,番禺区按照《实施办法》的有关规定,对屠场生猪"瘦肉精"实行先检后宰,取得较好成效.     

鹿产品检测的研究进展

鹿产品是珍贵的中药材,目前市场上存在着严重的以假充真,以次充好的现象,科研工作者对鹿产品的检测做了大量的研究工作。作者回顾了近年来鹿产品检测方面的研究进展,分别从性状检测、显微检测、理化检测及分子检测等几种主要检测方法进行综述,为鹿产品检测的进一步研究提供了参考依据,同时提出了鹿产品检测中存在的问题及进一步研究方向。     

建筑检测及管理中存在问题的探讨

本文作者通过多年的工作经验,对建筑检测和管理中存在的问题进行了分析与判断;同时谈谈现阶段检测中存在的一些问题,以便引起工程技术人员的重视.     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.