环形泰勒虫3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的原核表达、多克隆抗体制备及亚细胞定位

为了研究环形泰勒虫3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase,GAPDH)的功能,本试验利用PCR技术从环形泰勒虫裂殖体cDNA中扩增环形泰勒虫GAPDH (TaGAPDH)基因,将扩增产物克隆到原核表达载体pET-30a(+)中,并转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中进行融合蛋白诱导表达,融合蛋白纯化后免疫家兔,制备多克隆抗体,分别用间接ELISA和Western blotting检测抗体的效价和特异性;利用激光共聚焦荧光显微镜观察TaGAPDH蛋白在环形泰勒虫裂殖体中的亚细胞定位.结果显示,克隆得到了TaGAPDH全长基因,大小为1 020 bp;SDS-PAGE分析结果显示,融合蛋白大小约44 ku,且以包涵体形式存在.制备的多克隆抗体效价高达1:12 800,具有很高的特异性;亚细胞定位显示TaGAPDH蛋白主要分布于环形泰勒虫裂殖体细胞质内.以上结果表明本试验成功克隆表达了TaGAPDH基因,并制备了针对TaGAPDH蛋白的兔多克隆抗体,为筛选环形泰勒虫病疫苗、药物靶点及研究环形泰勒虫能量代谢奠定了基础.     

cDNA cloning and recombinant expression of a proliferation inducing ligand (APRIL) from Père David's deer

In the present study, the cDNA of Père David's deer APRIL (miAPRIL) was successfully amplified, and nucleotide sequence analysis showed that the open reading frame (ORF) of miAPRIL consists of 753 bases encoding 250-amino acids. Phylogenetic analysis exhibited high homology with the even-toed ungulates (artiodactyla). The extracellular soluble domain of the miAPRIL (misAPRIL) fragment was cloned into the expression vector pET43.1a and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) for recombinant expression. SDS-PAGE and western blotting analysis indicated that misAPRIL protein expression was successfully achieved. Indirect immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that misAPRIL has the ability to bind to the surface of Père David's deer lymphocytes. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that misAPRIL was able to enhance lymphocytes survival in a dose-dependent manner.     

Prokaryotic Expression,Polyclonal Antibody Preparation and Subcellular Localization of Theileria annulata GAPDH

In order to study the function of the Theileria annulata (T.annulata) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH),the T.annulata GAPDH (TaGAPDH) gene was amplified by PCR from the cDNA of T.annulata,and cloned into the pET-30a(+) vector and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3).After purification,the fusion protein was injected into rabbits to produce polyclonal antibodies.Specificity and titers of the polyclonal antibodies were determined by ELISA and Western blotting,and subcellular localization of TaGAPDH protein was observed by confocal fluorescence microscope.The results showed that TaGAPDH gene was approximately 1 020 bp;SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the fusion protein was expressed in BL21(DE3) with 44 ku in molecular mass,and highest expressed level was detected in the inclusion.The titer of the polyclonal antibodies was more than 1:12 800.The results of western blotting indicated that the polyclonal antibodies possessed good specificity,and TaGAPDH protein was predominantly present on the cytoplasm of T.annulata schizont by subcellular localization.This study laid the foundation for screening and identifying candidate antigens of vaccination and drug targets as well as studying the energy metabolism of T.annulata.     

家蚕葡萄糖-甲醇-胆碱氧化还原酶家族基因BmGMCβ2的克隆及序列与表达分析

葡萄糖-甲醇-胆碱氧化还原酶(glucose-methanol-choline oxidoreductases,GMC)家族是昆虫体内一大类以黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸(FAD)为辅酶的氧化还原酶类,家蚕基因组中含有43个GMC家族基因。以家蚕5龄幼虫cDNA为模板克隆到一个家蚕GMC家族基因,命名为BmGMCβ2(GenBank登录号:JQ965926)。该基因cDNA全长1 875 bp,编码624个氨基酸,预测蛋白质分子质量为69.3 kD,pI为6.21,定位于家蚕16号染色体的nscaf3058上,编码蛋白质含GMC家族共有的ADP-bindingβ-α-β折叠结构域。系统发育分析表明该基因是家蚕GMC家族β亚家族基因成员。RT-PCR检测家蚕不同发育时期和5龄第3天幼虫不同组织中BmGMCβ2基因mRNA转录水平,以5龄盛食期最高,并且主要在表皮、脂肪体和气管中转录表达;Westernblotting分析BmGMCβ2蛋白主要在5龄第3天幼虫的脂肪体中表达。将BmGMCβ2克隆到原核表达载体pET-28a(+)中,转化E.coli BL21表达菌株,IPTG诱导表达BmGMCβ2融合蛋白,通过His-亲和层析得到纯化的融合蛋白并制备多克隆抗体,为后续研究该蛋白在家蚕生长发育过程中的功能奠定了基础。     

猪源戊型肝炎病毒ORF2部分基因的原核表达及其鉴定

本试验旨在表达猪源戊型肝炎病毒(sHEV)ORF2部分基因片段,纯化表达产物并进行抗原性分析。以sHEV的cDNA为模板,PCR扩增ORF2基因片段,构建重组质粒pET32a-dORF2,转化表达菌BL21,IPTG诱导,SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳和Western blotting进行检测。试验结果表明,获得60 ku的目的蛋白,该蛋白具有良好的抗原性,主要以可溶性形式存在。     

家蚕BmE(spl)-like基因的克隆与表达谱分析

从本实验室构建的家蚕蛹cDNA文库中筛选到一条新的cDNA序列,生物信息学分析发现其编码的蛋白质序列与果蝇Enhancer of split基因[E(spl)]编码的DNA结合转录调控因子bHLH(helix-loop-helix)有较高的同源性,将该基因命名为BmE(spl)-like(Bombyx mori Enhancer of split like)。该基因的ORF长606 bp,编码201个氨基酸残基,预测蛋白质分子质量22.3 kD,等电点9.7。构建重组表达质粒pET-28a-BmE(spl)-like并在E.coli BL21(DE3)菌株中表达BmE(spl)-like蛋白,经亲和层析和FPLC反向柱纯化融合蛋白His-BmE(spl)-like并制备了抗体效价1∶25 600以上的多克隆抗体。用qRT-PCR方法检测BmE(spl)-like在家蚕成虫发育期的转录水平最高,结合果蝇同源基因的功能,推测该基因与蚕蛾的翅发育相关;该基因在家蚕5龄幼虫各组织中的转录水平以表皮最高,马氏管中最低。Western blotting检测BmE(spl)-like在家蚕5龄幼虫性腺中的表达水平最高,其次是丝腺、表皮、脂肪体、肠组织,在头部、马氏管和气管中的表达水平极低,与qRT-PCR检测的BmE(spl)-like在各组织中的转录水平有些差异。     

猪Sar1b基因的分子克隆、序列分析及原核表达

根据GenBank已发表的猪Sar1b基因序列（GenBank登录号：AY819557）设计1对引物,以猪肝脏组织总RNA的反转录产物为扩增模板,用RT-PCR方法扩增出猪Sar1b基因cDNA全长编码区,经过EcoRI-SalI双酶切后定向克隆于pET28a原核表达载体,获得pET28a-Sar1b重组原核表达载体。将携带有重组原核表达载体的大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）通过1 mmol/LITPG进行诱导表达,经过SDS-PAGE电泳检测,显示诱导表达蛋白大小大约为26 ku,与预期表达蛋白大小一致。Western blot检测显示该蛋白为His融合蛋白,表明重组原核表达载体在大肠杆菌中成功表达出了目的融合蛋白。猪Sar1b基因的克隆和表达研究,为进一步研究该基因的生物学功能奠定了基础。     

狂犬病病毒SRV9克隆株核蛋白基因的克隆、表达与特性分析

根据已发表的狂犬病病毒核蛋白基因序列，设计并合成了一对引物，从SAD株驯化的SRV9。蚀斑株中提取病毒RNA，通过RT-PCR扩增出核蛋白的全长cDNA序列，测序结果显示，其序列与国外报道的SAD母源株序列一致。将核蛋白的cDNA克隆至原核表达载体pET-28b( )中，转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）plyss，于30℃1mmol/LIPTG条件下诱导表达，大肠杆菌菌体裂解产物经SDS-PAGE分析，在分子量约为56kDa处出现一新的蛋白带。和预期的目的蛋白分子量相符，Western-blotting检测表明，表达产物能与狂犬病病毒阳性血清发生特异性反应，出现单一反应带，扫描分析显示，表达产物占菌体总蛋白的23%，包涵体分离，纯化后，纯度达89%，上述结果为核蛋白在狂犬病基因免疫和免疫检测中的进一步应用奠定了基础。     

家蚕质型多角体病毒感染应答的假定蛋白基因全长cDNA克隆与表达特征分析

在感染家蚕质型多角体病毒(BmCPV)的家蚕中肠组织中发现一个差异表达的假定蛋白基因。利用cDNA末端快速扩增(RACE)技术克隆了该假定蛋白基因的全长cDNA。用生物信息学方法进行基因序列与结构分析表明:该基因全长cDNA序列为486bp,包含108bp的5′端非翻译区序列(5′-UTR)和153bp的3′端非翻译区序列(3′-UTR),开放阅读框(ORF)为225bp,编码74个氨基酸,蛋白分子质量为6.888kD,等电点为5.27;该基因由3个外显子和2个内含子组成,ORF位于第2外显子内,编码蛋白含二次跨膜结构,多肽链表现为疏水性,在多肽链上的第15～16氨基酸残基可能是信号肽的切割位点。RT-PCR结果显示该基因在家蚕5龄幼虫的丝腺、血液、脂肪体、生殖腺及中肠组织中均有表达;荧光定量PCR结果表明该基因在感染Bm-CPV的家蚕中肠组织中的表达水平为正常家蚕中肠组织的6.28倍。研究结果为进一步解析该基因的功能奠定了基础。     

Prokaryotic Expression and Identification of P66 Gene from Borrelia garinii SZ

In order to obtain the P66 protein from Borrelia garinii (B. garinii) SZ, the first strand cDNA was synthesized based on the total RNA extracted from B. garinii SZ, and then the targeted P66 gene was amplified by PCR. The fragment was linked into the pET-30a(+) vector, and transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). After identified by PCR, double restriction enzyme digestion, and nucleotide sequencing, the recombinant protein was expressed and purified. Polyclonal antibody was then prepared from New Zealand rabbit immunized with purified recombinant protein. The recombinant protein was about 70 ku in size confirmed by SDS-PAGE, and Western blotting analysis indicated that the recombinant P66 protein could recognize the mouse monoclonal anti-His-tag, positive sera of spirochete from mouse, and anti-P66 polyclonal antibody. Additionally, the anti-P66 polyclonal antibody could recognize native P66 protein. In this study, we successfully expressed the recombinant P66 protein and obtained the anti-P66 polyclonal antibody, which provided the foundation for further functional studies of P66 protein from B. garinii SZ.     

牛瘦素受体基因表达及其结合瘦素特性研究

[目的]以秦川牛为研究对象,克隆、原核表达秦川牛瘦素受体(Lepr)基因的蛋白功能区,分析表达蛋白对瘦素结合特性,为研究瘦素受体与瘦素结合的调节机制提供理论基础.[方法]本研究通过RT-PCR法从秦川牛肉mRNA扩增获得Lepr IG基因的cDNA序列,克隆至pMD18-T载体获得重组质粒,并进行序列测定.将测序正确的...     

家蚕脂质运载蛋白基因BmLip32的特征与表达活性分析

从已构建的家蚕蛹期cDNA文库中筛选得到一条新的cDNA片断,经生物信息学分析发现其编码框具有脂质运载蛋白(lipocalin)保守结构域,命名为BmLip32基因,GenBank登录号为FJ602775。构建融合表达质粒pET-28a-BmLip32后转化大肠杆菌BL21并诱导表达,将纯化的His-BmLip32融合蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔成功制备多克隆抗体,效价大于1∶12 800。RT-PCR检测结果表明BmLip32在家蚕蛹期转录水平最高,在5龄幼虫头部中的转录水平明显高于其它组织。Western blotting分析结果显示BmLip32在5龄幼虫头部大量表达。免疫细胞化学实验显示BmLip32蛋白存在于家蚕Bm5细胞的细胞质中。推测BmLip32基因是家蚕神经系统发育相关的重要调控基因。     

中国野桑蚕抗病毒蛋白基因(Lipase)的克隆与活性鉴定

从中国野桑蚕幼虫中肠细胞克隆获得了抗家蚕核型多角体病毒BmNPV的脂肪酶基因(Lipase)cDNA(GenBank:AY945212)。该基因cDNA大小906 bp,编码301个氨基酸,蛋白质分子质量约为28.9 kD。进一步克隆了其全长基因组,结果表明该基因由2 147 bp组成,包含4个外显子和3个内含子。该基因在野桑蚕体内的表达具有组织特异性,仅限于野桑蚕中肠组织表达,且在幼虫龄中表达水平较高,而在幼虫眠期和熟蚕期几乎没有表达。通过基因体外表达获得的重组蛋白Lipase,能够有效抑制BmNPV病毒对家蚕的感染,说明该蛋白具有较强的抗BmNPV的生物学活性。     

家蚕一种富含半胱氨酸蛋白基因BmCRP的原核表达与定位研究

从家蚕蛹cDNA文库中获得一条cDNA序列,经生物信息学分析显示该cDNA序列全长1 011 bp,包括5′-UTR 200 bp和3-′UTR 136 bp,编码224个氨基酸,其编码蛋白质的N-端富含半胱氨酸,将该基因命名为BmCRP(基因登录号:DN985186.1)。该基因编码蛋白主要有α螺旋、β-折叠、无规则卷曲3种二级结构,具有cAMP和cGMP依赖的蛋白激酶磷酸化位点等5种功能位点。构建重组表达载体pET-28 a(+)-BmCRP并转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导后获得融合蛋白,用纯化后的目的蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔制备的多克隆抗体与BmCRP有较好的特异性。W estern b lotting检测结果:BmCRP蛋白在家蚕卵、幼虫、蛹、蛾4个发育时期均有表达,蛹期表达量最高;在5龄幼虫的表皮、头部、卵巢、睾丸、马氏管中均有表达。荧光定量RT-PCR检测结果:BmCRPmRNA在家蚕卵、幼虫、蛹、蛾的整个生命周期中,其转录水平呈增加趋势;在5龄幼虫不同组织中的转录水平从高到低依次为表皮、头部、生殖腺、中肠、马氏管、气管、丝腺和脂肪体。细胞定位实验结果显示BmCRP蛋白在Bm5细胞的细胞核和细胞质中均存在,细胞核中的荧光信号比细胞质中的信号强。研究结果有助于进一步探明家蚕BmCRP蛋白的结构和功能。     

Molecular cloning and expression of a larval immunogenic protein from the cattle tick Boophilus annulatus

A full-length cDNA of an immunogenic protein was cloned from a cDNA library of the local Egyptian cattle tick Boophilus annulatus. Antibodies raised against B. annulatus larval proteins were used to screen a cDNA expression library. A 936bp cloned fragment was sequenced and showed an open reading frame of 516bp encoding a protein of 171 amino acids. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence with protein data bank revealed that the sequence is related to a sequence isolated from the hard tick Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis (Hq05). Southern blot analysis of B. annulatus genomic DNA showed that the cloned cDNA hybridized to double bands per restriction digest, suggesting that the cloned cDNA is a double copy gene. Amino acid analysis of the cloned gene revealed the presence of two casein kinase II phosphorylation sites in the N-terminal domain suggesting that this molecule may be involved in the signal transduction or gene expression pathways. RT-PCR and northern blotting revealed the presence of two isoforms of the Ba05 gene in salivary glands and in the 3-day-old eggs. The cloned gene without the signal peptide, was expressed in Escherichia coli under T7 promotor of pET-30b vector, and purified under denaturation conditions. The purified protein appeared as a single band on 12% SDS-PAGE with a molecular weight around 22.8kDa including the histidine tag of the vector. Antibodies raised against the purified molecule were used to detect the B. annulatus homologue to the Hq05 gene in whole tick, larvae and gut protein extracts. Immunoblotting revealed the presence of this molecule Ba05 only in whole tick and larval protein extracts and not in the gut protein extract. Using the same antibodies, homologues to the Ba05 gene were detected in other tick species as Hyalomma dromedarii and Rhipicephalus sp. but not in Ornithodoros moubata.     

鸭疫里默氏杆菌CAMP基因的克隆、原核表达及生物信息学分析

试验旨在克隆鸭疫里默氏杆菌协同溶血素蛋白(cooperative hemolysin protein,CAMP)基因,并对其进行原核表达和生物信息学分析。以RA贵州血清2型分离株RA-SS-8基因组为模板扩增并克隆鸭疫里默氏杆菌CAMP基因,构建pET-28a-CAMP重组原核表达质粒,转化大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3)感受态细胞,重组菌用IPTG进行诱导表达及纯化,利用SDS-PAGE和Western blotting分析表达蛋白的特征,并运用相关生物信息学分析软件对CAMP基因进行分析。结果显示,鸭疫里默氏杆菌CAMP基因大小为1 026 bp,该基因序列与GenBank中公布的10株RA参考菌株(如RA-LZ01(CP045564.1))CAMP基因的相似性达99.7%。经BamH Ⅰ和Xho Ⅰ双酶切鉴定后,获得大小约5 369和1 026 bp的基因片段,表明pET-28a-CAMP重组表达质粒构建成功。SDS-PAGE和Western blotting分析显示,表达的重组蛋白大小约为37 ku,以可溶形式进行表达,且能与His-tag单克隆抗体在37 ku处产生特异性反应,与预期结果相符。生物信息学分析表明,CAMP蛋白分子式为C₁₆₇₀H₂₆₅₉N₄₃₇O₅₀₀S₁₂,含341个氨基酸,理论等电点(pI)为5.62,不稳定系数为40.71,表明其为不稳定的弱酸性蛋白。疏水性预测结果显示,该蛋白属于亲水性蛋白。CAMP蛋白无跨膜结构域,无信号肽,有3个O-糖基化位点,无N-糖基化位点,存在34个磷酸化位点,共有17个抗原表位。二级结构和三级结构预测结果显示,CAMP蛋白以α-螺旋和无规则卷曲为主。本试验结果为进一步研究鸭疫里默氏杆菌CAMP蛋白的功能及鸭疫里默氏杆菌病疫苗的研发提供了参考。     

Investigation of SnSPR1, a novel and abundant surface protein of Sarcocystis neurona merozoites

An expressed sequence tag (EST) sequencing project has produced over 15,000 partial cDNA sequences from the equine pathogen Sarcocystis neurona. While many of the sequences are clear homologues of previously characterized genes, a significant number of the S. neurona ESTs do not exhibit similarity to anything in the extensive sequence databases that have been generated. In an effort to characterize parasite proteins that are novel to S. neurona, a seemingly unique gene was selected for further investigation based on its abundant representation in the collection of ESTs and the predicted presence of a signal peptide and glycolipid anchor addition on the encoded protein. The gene was expressed in E. coli, and monospecific polyclonal antiserum against the recombinant protein was produced by immunization of a rabbit. Characterization of the native protein in S. neurona merozoites and schizonts revealed that it is a low molecular weight surface protein that is expressed throughout intracellular development of the parasite. The protein was designated Surface Protein 1 (SPR1) to reflect its display on the outer surface of merozoites and to distinguish it from the ubiquitous SAG/SRS surface antigens of the heteroxenous Coccidia. Interestingly, infection assays in the presence of the polyclonal antiserum suggested that SnSPR1 plays some role in attachment and/or invasion of host cells by S. neurona merozoites. The work described herein represents a general template for selecting and characterizing the various unidentified gene sequences that are plentiful in the EST databases for S. neurona and other apicomplexans. Furthermore, this study illustrates the value of investigating these novel sequences since it can offer new candidates for diagnostic or vaccine development while also providing greater insight into the biology of these parasites.     

Prokaryotic Expression and Antigenic Analysis of H3N2 Swine Influenza Virus HA1 and HA2 Genes

Hemagglutinin protein plays an important role in disease prevention and treatment of the swine influenza virus (SIV).In order to clone and express subtype H3N2 SIV A/swine/Henan/1/2010 (H3N2) HA1 and HA2 genes with chicken embryo allantoic fluid containing the H3N2 SIV after extraction of RNA.The HA1 gene and HA2 gene were amplified from the total RNA using RT-PCR and they were inserted into prokaryotic expression vector pET-28a (+) to construct recombinant expression vector.Then the vector was transformed and expressed in E.coli BL21 (DE3) pLyS.Then the bacteria were induced by IPTG and their lysates were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting,respectively.The monoclonal antibody 1C10,which was specific to HA protein,was used as primary antibody in Western blotting analysis.It was found that the expressed recombinant HA1 protein was 34.8 ku and recombinant HA2 protein was 23.2 ku analyzed by SDS-PAGE.As demonstrated by Western blotting,this HA1 expressed products showed the capacity of reacting with monoclonal antibody 1C10.All the results suggested that the expressed HA1 and HA2 proteins of H3N2 influenza virus would be very helpful in the development of rapid diagnosis method and vaccine development,which would facilitate further study on the function of HA at the same time.     

不同EGFP-蜘蛛丝融合基因在昆虫细胞的表达及融合丝蛋白形成机制初探

蜘蛛能吐出具有优异机械特性的多种类型的丝,其中管状腺丝用于构建卵囊并具有良好的分子和机械性能,是目前唯一报道的全长cDNA序列的蜘蛛丝。基于为将来利用生物工程方法大量生产高性能的仿蜘蛛丝纤维提供基础信息,通过Bac-to-Bac/AcNPV杆状病毒表达系统,在强启动子驱动下,对2个大小不同的蜘蛛卵囊丝蛋白基因序列(全长cDNA序列和部分cDNA序列)与EGFP报告基因实现了在AcNPV昆虫细胞中的融合表达。绿色荧光和W estern印迹分析表明,被表达出的2个大小不同的卵囊丝融合蛋白在昆虫细胞胞质中呈现出明显不同的溶解性。含有部分卵囊丝基因的短EGFP-蜘蛛丝融合基因的表达产物在胞质里具有可溶性;而含有全长卵囊丝基因的巨大EGFP-蜘蛛丝融合基因的表达产物倾向于自我装配形成沉淀聚合物。研究结果也暗示了蜘蛛丝蛋白的分子大小可能对其装配成高性能的丝纤维有重要影响。     

伽氏疏螺旋体尚志株P66基因的原核表达与鉴定

为获得伽氏疏螺旋体尚志株（B. garinii SZ）的P66蛋白,本研究从培养的螺旋体菌液中提取总RNA,反转录合成第一链cDNA,利用PCR扩增P66基因。将目的片段连接表达载体pET-30a（+）,并转化大肠杆菌表达菌BL21（DE3）,经PCR、双酶切及测序验证正确后,进行IPTG诱导表达和纯化,然后将纯化的融合蛋白免疫新西兰大白兔,制备多克隆抗体。SDS-PAGE结果显示,获得约70 ku的表达产物;Western blotting分析表明,表达产物与抗His标签的小鼠单克隆抗体、螺旋体鼠源阳性血清、兔抗P66多克隆抗体均能发生反应,获得的多克隆抗体也可识别天然蛋白。本试验成功表达了B. garinii SZ株P66蛋白,并制备了多克隆抗体,为后续B. garinii SZ株P66蛋白的功能研究奠定了基础。