PCR结合分子杂交法检测鸡传染性支气管炎病毒

利用逆转录－ＰＣＲ（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）特异性扩增鸡传染性支气管炎病毒（ＩＢＶ）基因组中Ｍ基因和Ｎ基因之间一段核酸片段。以ｐＵＣ１９质粒载体将此片段克隆，用ＥｃｏＲＩ和ＨｉｎｄⅢ酶切此重组质粒，回收克隆片段后，制成生物素标记的核酸探针。用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ及生物素核酸探针法分别对ＩＢＶ，ＩＢＤＶ，ＩＬＴＶ，ＭＤＶ及ＮＤＶ进行检测，结果证明该方法为ＩＢＶ特异性检测方法。对人工感染ＩＢＶ的ＳＰＦ鸡口腔棉拭样品进行跟踪检测，证明本方法能在ＳＰＦ鸡接毒后１～１０ｄ内检出ＩＢＶ。     

IBDV逆转录—聚合酶链反应和核酸杂交检测方法的研究

以建立的传染性法氏囊病病毒（ＩＢＤＶ）逆转录－聚合酶链反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）和核酸杂交检测方法，检测了细胞培养物、病理组织、粪便和饲料中的ＩＢＤＶ，并与ＩＢＤＶ夹心ＥＬＩＳＡ、琼脂扩散试验（ＩＤ）和病毒分离方法进行了平行比较试验。结果表明，ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ和核酸杂交检测方法具有高度的敏感性和特异性，是深入研究ＩＢＤ流行病学，特别是传播途径的新手段     

用地高辛标记的核酸探针从尿囊液和组织中检测传染性支气 …

将ＩＢＶＴ株基因组Ｓ１基因上０．６kb片段（位于Ｓ１基因上１１２１bp～１７２３bp之间）克隆到ＰＩＢ－ＰＣＲ Ｃloning vector中,用地高辛标记探针,分别与９株ＩＢＶ 的ＰＣＲ产物和１２株ＩＢＶ的核酸进行点杂交均呈阳性反应,而该探针不与ＩＢＤＶ和ＮＤＶ的ＲＮＡ,ＥＤＳ－７６病毒的ＤＮＡ及正常鸡胚尿囊液的抽提物反应。探针检测ＩＢＶ－ＰＣＲ产物的灵敏度为１００～２００pg。用该探针检测不同毒株ＩＢＶ在鸡胚中的繁     

几种动物病毒的基因芯片检测技术

分别用水疱性口炎病毒、蓝舌病病毒、口蹄疫病毒、猪瘟病毒、牛病毒性腹泻病毒、鹿流行性出血热病毒和赤羽病病毒各一段高度保守的基因片段构建质粒，在此基础上制备了芯片探针。提取样品中的核酸，经反转录和荧光标记后滴加到芯片上进行特异性杂交，对杂交结果扫描检测，可同时对上述7种动物传染病进行快速、准确的诊断，此方法敏感性高，特异性强，适合于大批动物高通量检疫。     

核酸探针检测犬瘟热病毒方法的建立和初步应用

根据犬瘟热病毒（CDV）基因序列的结构特点,在其编码核衣壳蛋白的高度保守基因区内,设计合成一对特异性引物.以RT-PCR技术从CDV基因中扩增出了一段长度为430 bp的核苷酸cDNA,并制备出地高辛标记的CDV核酸探针.特异性检测结果表明,该探针能与CDV标准株和地方分离株核酸发生特异性杂交,而与对照的NDV、MV等病毒的核酸杂交反应均为阴性.敏感性检测结果表明,该探针对CDV的检出量可达到0.1 pg.用所制备的核酸探针对某宠物诊所疑似犬瘟热病例进行临床诊断初步应用试验,表明该标记探针完全可用于CDV的临床检测.     

牛病毒性腹泻病诊断的研究进展

牛病毒性腹泻－粘膜病病毒（ＢＶＤＶ）是黄病毒科瘟病毒属的成员。它主要引起牛的腹泻并呈现多种临床症状，该病给全世界各国的养牛业造成了很大危害。国内外对ＢＶＤＶ检测技术的研究不断深入，已从病毒原分离鉴定及免疫学检测发展到基因序列和结构测定的分子生物学水平。     

牛病毒性腹泻的研究进展

对牛病毒性腹泻病毒（ＢＶＤＶ）分子生物及牛病毒性腹泻（ＢＶＤ）的流行病学、致病机理、临床症状、病理变化、诊断和预防等方面的研究进展进行了综述。     

牛病毒性腹泻/粘膜病的研究进展

牛病毒性腹泻／粘膜病（Ｂｏｖｉｎｅｖｉｒａｌ　ｄｉａｒｒｈｅａ／ｍｕｃｏｓａｌ　ｄｉｓｅａｓｅ，ＢＶＤ／ＭＤ），简称牛病毒性腹泻（ＢＶＤ）或牛粘膜病（ＢＭ），是由牛病毒性腹泻／粘膜病病毒（ＢＶＤ／ＭＤＶ）感染牛引起的以发热、粘膜糜烂溃疡、白血胞减少、腹泻、咳嗽及怀孕母牛流产或产出畸形胎儿为主要特征的一种传染病。１９４６年Ｏｌａｆｓｏｎ等首次报道病毒性腹泻病。１９５３年Ｒａｍｓｅｙ和Ｃｈｉｖｅｒ发现粘膜病。１９６１年Ｇｉｌｌｅｓｐｉｅ等研究证明，这两种病毒是有共同抗原性的同种病毒，１９７１年由美国…     

牛病毒性腹泄病毒核酸探针的研制及其应用

本文描述了应用光敏生物素标记制备的牛病毒性腹泄病毒核酸探针，并对其稳定性和有效期，灵敏度及特异性进行了试验研究。利用牛病毒性腹泄病毒生物素探针对乌盟达茂旗等４个地区１１５份病样的检测结果表明，生物素探针比常规免疫学方法高出１／３，是一种重复性好和特异性强的牛病毒性腹泄病毒检测方法。     

DIG—标记鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒cDNA探针的制备

用ＩＢＤＶ特异引物对ＩＢＤＶ ＲＮＡ进行逆转录和ＰＣＲ扩增。以低融点琼脂糖凝胶电泳法回收ＰＣＲ扩增带，经酚－氯仿纯化后，用ＤＩＧ标记制备ＩＢＤＶ ｃＤＮＡ核酸探针。斑点杂交试验证明，该探针能与ＩＢＤＶ不同毒株发生阳性杂交反应，敏感度为１ｐｇ。本实验制备的ＩＢＤＶ ｃＤＮＡ核酸探针不仅为ＩＢＤＶ的流行病学研究和分子生物学鉴定提供了敏感可靠的手段，而且也是核酸探针制备方法的一次探索。     

VSV的RT-PCR快速检测方法的建立

选取水泡性口炎病毒 N基因序列 ,设计 1对引物 ,建立检测水泡性口炎病毒的 RT- PCR方法。对VSV各毒株进行检测 ,结果均为阳性 ,而对反刍动物病毒性疾病相关病毒进行检测 ,结果均为阴性。结果表明所建立的 RT- PCR技术可用于水泡性口炎的诊断和流行病学调查     

Use of an Alkaline Phosphatase‐Labelled Probe for the Detection of Mycoplasma synoviae in Chickens

Short nucleotides directly labelled to alkaline phosphatase (SNAP probes) are an interesting alternative to digoxigenin‐labelled probes (DIG probes), because they reduce the number of steps necessary in dot blots for the detection of DNA or amplificate. This study examined the questions whether a SNAP probe might not only save time, but also increase the sensitivity of another PCR‐based DNA probe test using a digoxigenin probe. Amplificates obtained by multispecies polymerase chain reaction (PCR), with either purified genomic DNA or DNA extracted from tracheal swabs taken in chicken flocks, were detected by both methods. The results for the clinical specimens were compared to culture. Under stringent conditions, the specificity and sensitivity obtained with the SNAP probe were comparable to the results obtained with the DIG probe. The quantities 10 fg (SNAP probe) and 100 fg (DIG probe) of purified Mycoplasma synoviae DNA were detected after amplification, but more positive clinical specimens were detected with the DIG probe. Under non‐stringent conditions sensitivity with purified DNA did no change, but the coloration of the dots improved markedly, and more positive specimens could be detected with the SNAP probe than with the DIG probe, truly positives as confirmed by culture. Because cross‐reaction with Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma imitans, two species with DNA that was also recognized by the multispecies primers, occurred under non‐stringent conditions, it was concluded that, to take the full advantage of SNAP probes, their use in combination with species‐specific primer pairs is recommended. PCR as a method for mycoplasma detection is however, always accompanied with serological and cultural methods. When a M. synoviae mono‐infection is likely by serological results, non‐stringent dot blot conditions and use of the SNAP probe will ease and improve the detection of mycoplasma.     

犬冠状病毒核酸探针的制备及其基因序列的测定与比较

采用RT-PCR方法扩增犬冠状病毒(CCV)YS1、C11和NL-18株5′端部分S基因序列,以随机插入DNA法对CCV YS1株纯化的PCR产物标记32P同位素,制备核酸探针,并与3株CCV反转录产物杂交.用平端连接法将3株CCV PCR产物克隆于pUC19 Sma I位点或pGEM-T载体中,经PCR鉴定为正确重组质粒.以双脱氧末端终止法测定了重组质粒的cDNA核苷酸序列,并用DNASIS计算机软件进行多重比较分析,绘制系统树.结果表明,所制备的核酸探针可与3株CCV反转录产物杂交,其核苷酸序列与多株CCV相应序列的同源性高达91.9%～99.1%,为CCV的保守区.由此说明,制备的核酸探针可用于犬CCV感染的分子流行病学研究.     

表达新城疫病毒HN基因的重组火鸡疱疹病毒的构建

应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术，用设计带有限制性酶切位点的特异地扩增子人起始密码子开始的１．８ｋｂ新城疫病毒（ＮＤＶ）血凝素－神经氨酸（ＨＮ）基因开放式阅读框（ＯＲＦ），然后插入ｐＴＫ２Ｂ的Ｎｂｅ１位点，构建了含ＮＤＶＨＮ基因的插入载体ＰＴＫＨＮ１和ＰＴＫＨＮ２，将其与感染火鸡疱疹病毒（ＨＶＴ）细胞的总ＤＮＡ共转民纤维细胞（ＣＥＦ），经有限稀释法和Ｄｏｔ－ｂｌｏｔ筛选，得到含有ＨＮ基因的重组体ｒＨ     

Genetic organisation of the capsule transport gene region from Haemophilus paragallinarum

The region involved in export of the capsule polysaccharides to the cell surface of Haemophilus paragallinarum was cloned and the genetic organisation determined. Degenerate primers designed from sequence alignment of the capsule transport genes of Haemophilus influenzae, Pasteurella multocida and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae were used to amplify a 2.6 kb fragment containing a segment of the H. paragallinarum capsule transport gene locus. This fragment was used as a digoxigenin labelled probe to isolate the complete H. paragallinarum capsule transport gene locus from genomic DNA. The sequence of the cloned DNA was determined and analysis revealed the presence of four genes, each showing high homology with known capsule transport genes. The four genes were designated hctA, B, C and D (for H. paragallinarum capsule transport genes) and the predicted products of these genes likely encode an ATP-dependent export system responsible for transport of the capsule polysaccharides to the cell surface, possibly a member of a super family designated ABC (ATP-binding cassette) transporters.     

禽传染性喉气管炎病毒TK基因狄高辛探针的研制及应用

应用狄高辛标记禽传染性喉气管炎病毒（ＡＩＬＴＶ）ＴＫ基因制备探针,经斑点杂交显色后,探针同以ＡＩＬＴＶ北京株为模板的ＴＫ基因ＰＣＲ产物及北京株核酸均呈阳性紫色斑点,而与正常尿囊液、新城疫病毒和火鸡疱疹病毒、禽传染性支气管炎病毒无反应,２株确诊为ＡＩＬＴＶ的野外分离毒也呈阳性。本研究结果表明,该ＴＫ基因探针是敏感和特异的,可用于禽传染性喉气管炎和其它呼吸道疾病的鉴别诊断。