猪肉中青霉素类药物残留放射免疫法快速检测

主要探讨应用Charm Ⅱ放射免疫分析方法检测猪肉中青霉素类药物残留.确定制样和控制点设定的方法,评价了免疫反应体系的灵敏度和特异性,验证了青霉素类药物最大残留限量的检测稳定性.90 min即可出检测结果.     

高效液相色谱法检测牛奶中青霉素残留的研究进展

本文综述了高效液相色谱法检测牛奶中青霉素残留量的研究进展情况，包括样品的提取、层析柱净化、衍生化及青霉素类药物残留的分离和检测等方面。     

牛奶药残有了快速检测法

华中农大的“牛奶中青霉素类残留微生物学快速检测方法及试剂盒研究”成果日前在武汉通过了农业部鉴定。经测试．该试剂盒的灵敏度、假阳性率等性能指标与意大利试剂盒一致．且检测费用低廉，适用于奶牛场、乳品加工厂和残留监控机构等青霉素类药物残留的快速筛选检测。     

青霉素多克隆抗体的制备

青霉素类药物是一类临床广泛使用的抗生素,该类药物对畜禽疾病的控制和治疗发挥了重要作用。然而由于该类药物的不合理使用,使耐药性菌株和药物残留等问题日益突出。在内蒙古地区由于奶牛乳房炎的发病率较高,临床上多用青霉素类药物进行防治,因此,该类药物在牛乳中的残留问题日     

一种简易检测牛奶中青霉素残留的方法

采用微生物法建立了一种简易检测牛奶中青霉素残留的方法.结果显示该法对样品中青霉素残留的检测限为0.8IU/mL.该法可以检测出牛奶中的青霉素残留,对基层奶牛养殖场检测青霉素残留具有重要的意义.     

畜产品中青霉素类药物残留检测方法研究进展

药物残留危害着消费者健康。随着人民生活水平的提高,近年来畜产品中药物残留问题日益受到重视。青霉素类药物残留的分析方法主要包括高效液相色谱法、免疫分析法和微生物测定法,其中高效液相色谱法灵敏、高效,但需要特殊的检测仪器;微生物测定法简便,但灵敏度不高;免疫分析法是将抗原抗体反应与灵敏的检测系统结合而成的一种简便、快速、敏感的分析方法,具有广阔的应用前景。     

重庆猪肉(肝)中几种抗生素类药物残留研究

本文对重庆市猪肉(肝)中青霉素、氯霉素、四环素和磺胺类等抗生素类药物残留进行分析研究,从中可以看出抗生素残留现象在重庆市猪肉中还普遍存在,且有的还非常严重。对如何控制抗生素残留提出了一些对策。     

氨苄青霉素残留检测方法研究进展

随着人民生活水平的提高,畜禽产品中药物残留日益受到重视。氨苄青霉素在兽医临床应用广泛,残留在畜禽产品中危害人体的健康。论文综述了氨苄青霉素的残留状况和氨苄青霉素残留检测方法的研究进展。     

四环素类药物残留检测方法的比较

四环素类药物是一类广谱抗生素,常被应用于畜牧养殖业中,其药物残留会严重危害人体健康。目前国内对四环素类药物残留问题越来越重视,检测其残留量的方法成为研究的重点,同时国家也制定了相关的检测标准。该文对国内几种四环素类药物残留的主要检测方法的优缺点进行了比较和研究。     

水产品中氯霉素类药物残留分析方法研究进展

水产品中的氯霉素类药物残留会严重威胁人类健康,由此引发的食品安全问题受到人们的重视。本文对水产品中氯霉素类药物主要检测方法的使用范围、检测灵敏度、优缺点进行分析,同时展望了未来氯霉素类药物残留检测方法的发展趋势,以期为水产品中氯霉素类药物残留的检测提供参考。     

部分禽源生物制品外源病毒的检测

进行了部分禽用生物制品外源病毒检测的鸡胚检查法、细胞检查法和鸡检查法。鸡胚检查法应用SPF鸡胚检验;细胞检查法主要通过鸡红细胞吸附试验、禽白血病病毒ELISA和禽网状内皮组织增生症病毒IFA检验疫苗是否含有外源鸡红细胞吸附因子、禽白血病病毒和禽网状内皮组织增生症病毒,并提出疫苗检验的判定标准,为各兽用生物制品生产企业新城疫疫苗的外源病毒检验提供参考。     

鸡滑液囊支原体感染的诊断与防控

旨在为鸡滑液囊支原体感染的检测、诊断和防控提供参考。通过查阅与鸡滑液囊支原体（MS）感染的检测、诊断和防控相关的文献资料发现：血清学检测方法操作简单、诊断快速，常作为MS感染的初步诊断方法，但其存在常出现非特异性交叉反应而影响诊断准确性的问题；分离培养MS病原的难度大、耗时长，不能快速做出诊断；分子生物学诊断方法快速、灵敏，有明显的优势，但技术条件要求较高。最终确诊需要多种诊断方法联合使用，可采用ELISA与PCR法检测，并结合临床症状和病理变化来判断鸡场MS的感染情况。通过采取净化种鸡群、加强饲养管理及生物安全管理、接种疫苗等措施可有效防控MS感染。     

饲料中鸡源性成分PCR-DHPLC检测方法的建立

以鸡组织为材料,提取鸡组织的线粒体DNA,以鸡12SrRNA基因为靶基因设计引物,PCR反应扩增片段230bp;用13种畜禽和水产动物线粒体DNA验证该PCR引物的特异性,结果只有鸡线粒体DNA为阳性;PCR-DHPLC检测灵敏度在DNA水平上达到了2.04mg/L;在随机采集的22份饲料样品中,检出8份鸡源性成分样品。结果表明,本研究建立的PCR-DHPLC方法可特异、灵敏地对饲料中的鸡源性成分进行快速准确检测。     

Experimental Infection of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae in SPF Chicken Embryos

In order to evaluate the SPF chicken embryos as a candidate of the experimental model of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (Mo) infection,the 7-day-old SPF chicken embryos were infected with different concentrations of Mo(10⁸,10⁹ and 10¹⁰ ccu/mL) by injection of vitelline fluid and allantoic cavity.The mortality and Mo detection rate (PCR detection and isolation) of infected chicken embryos were employed to evaluate the optimal inoculation route,dose and sampling site.Three different isolates of Mo were submitted to injection of chicken embryos for pathogenicity comparison.The results showed that the optimal inoculation route and dose were vitelline fluid injection with 0.2 mL (10⁹ ccu/mL) Mo per embryo and the sampling site for detection was also vitelline fluid.Three Mo isolates revealed good infectivity and lethality to the chicken embryo.The chicken embryos mortality caused by FL3 strain (45%) and MoGH3-3 (40%) were both higher than that by A3 strain (25%),but with no significance (P>0.05).The detection rate of Mo from the chicken embryos in FL3 group (100%) was higher than that of MoGH3-3 strain(85%) and that of A3 strain (90%),but with no significance(P>0.05).This experiment preliminarily proved that the SPF chicken embryos could be infected and partially killed by Mo,and the virulence of different strains of Mo to the chicken embryos was different.The results provided the data for further establishment of the chicken embryo infection model of Mo,which would benefit the research on Mo pathogenicity and vaccine development.     

绵羊肺炎支原体人工感染SPF鸡胚的研究

为探索SPF鸡胚作为绵羊肺炎支原体实验室感染模型的可行性,本试验用不同浓度绵羊肺炎支原体（10⁸、10⁹、10¹⁰ ccu/mL）经由卵黄囊和尿囊腔两个部位接种7日龄SPF鸡胚,通过统计鸡胚死亡情况和不同鸡胚组织样品中绵羊肺炎支原体检测阳性率（PCR检测和支原体分离鉴定）,确定绵羊肺炎支原体鸡胚感染方式、感染剂量和最佳分离部位,再用3株不同来源的绵羊肺炎支原体分离株感染鸡胚,观察其对鸡胚的致病力。结果表明,绵羊肺炎支原体感染鸡胚最佳接种途径为卵黄囊接种,感染剂量为10⁹ ccu/mL、0.2 mL/只,最佳分离部位为卵黄液。3株支原体均能感染和致死鸡胚,并均能从卵黄液中分离到绵羊肺炎支原体,但对鸡胚的致病性存在一定差异：FL3株致鸡胚死亡率为45%,略高于MoGH3-3株（40%）,二者均高于A3株（25%）,但差异均不显著（P>0.05）;FL3株鸡胚检测阳率为100%,高于MoGH3-3株（85%）及A3株（90%）,但差异也不显著（P>0.05）。本试验初步确定了绵羊肺炎支原体可感染和致死SPF鸡胚,不同分离株对SPF鸡胚致病力有差异,表明SPF鸡胚可作为下一步建立绵羊肺炎支原体实验室感染模型的候选,为绵羊肺炎支原体致病性研究和疫苗研制奠定基础。     

Direct detection of chicken genomic DNA for gender determination by thymine-DNA glycosylase

1. Birds, especially nestlings, are generally difficult to sex by morphology and early detection of chick gender in ovo in the hatchery would facilitate removal of unwanted chicks and diminish welfare objections regarding culling after hatch. 2. We describe a method to determine chicken gender without the need for PCR via use of Thymine-DNA Glycosylase (TDG). TDG restores thymine (T)/guanine (G) mismatches to cytosine (C)/G. We show here, that like DNA Polymerase, TDG can recognise, bind and function on a primer hybridised to chicken genomic DNA. 3. The primer contained a T to mismatch a G in a chicken genomic template and the T/G was cleaved with high fidelity by TDG. Thus, the chicken genomic DNA can be identified without PCR amplification via direct and linear detection. Sensitivity was increased using gender specific sequences from the chicken genome. 4. Currently, these are laboratory results, but we anticipate that further development will allow this method to be used in non-laboratory settings, where PCR cannot be employed.     

白鹭源新城疫病毒的分离与鉴定

从1只患病的白鹭的咽喉、泄殖腔棉拭子中分离到1株病毒,经血凝、血凝抑制试验和RT-PCR法鉴定为新城疫病毒。根据该毒株对鸡胚平均致死时间、鸡胚半数致死量、鸡胚半数感染量的测定和新城疫强弱毒鉴别的RT-PCR检测,表明该分离株为新城疫强毒株。     

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies detecting chicken interleukin-2 and the development of an antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Eleven monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) which are specific for chicken interleukin-2 (chIL-2) were produced and characterized by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blotting and neutralizing assays. These mAbs were used to develop a mAb-based antigen capture ELISA specific for chicken IL-2 detection. Anti-IL-2 mAbs bound specifically to E. coli-derived rchIL-2 in ELISA and identified a 16 kDa IL-2 polypeptide band in Western blot. Several mAbs were shown to neutralize the biological activities of both rchIL-2 and native chicken IL-2 as measured by concanavalin A (ConA)-induced lymphocyte proliferation assay, IL-2 bioassay, and natural killer cell assay. Among the neutralizing mAbs, the mAb chIL-2/11 was most potent in neutralizing IL-2 activity. To develop a sensitive ELISA for the detection of chicken IL-2, an antigen capture ELISA was developed using the mAb chIL-2/16 as the antigen capture antibody and rabbit anti-IL-2 peptide antibody as the detection antibody. Using the mAb-based antigen capture ELISA, significant correlation between the level of IL-2 detected in bioassays and in ELISA was observed. These results showed that the mAb-based antigen capture ELISA is less time-consuming and more reliable compared to a conventional IL-2 bioassay for chicken IL-2. These neutralizing mAbs will facilitate basic immunobiological studies of the role of IL-2 in normal and disease states in chickens.     

Research Progress on Chicken Common Immunosuppressive Diseases

Chicken immunosuppressive diseases can not only make chicken immunity decline,seriously affect the growth,and also cause some other vaccine failure and have great effects on the chicken breeding.The reasons causing immunosuppression are varies,including viral factor,chemical factor,irritability factor,nutrition factor and so on,of which the viral factor occupies the important position.This paper summarized the progress of etiology characteristics,virus detection and prevention of several common viral immunosuppressive diseases on chicken,so as to provide certain reference for research,prevention and treatment of these diseases.     

鸡常见免疫抑制性疾病研究进展

鸡的免疫抑制性疾病不仅引起鸡自身免疫功能低下,严重影响生长发育,还会造成疫苗的免疫失败,对鸡的养殖造成严重危害。引起免疫抑制的原因很多,包括病毒性的、化学性的、应激性的、营养性的等,其中病毒性因素占据了重要地位。作者对几种常见的鸡病毒性免疫抑制疾病的病原学特征、病毒检测及疾病防制的研究进展进行简要概述,以期为这些疾病的研究及防制提供一定参考。