共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 158 毫秒
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羊痘又名羊“天花”,是所有动物痘病最为严重的一种,严重影响国际贸易和养羊业的发展。本文主要从羊痘的诊断和预防疫苗方面做一综述。现在已有了一组针对羊痘的简单而高效检测方法和诊断试剂用于实验室诊断,但各有千秋。目前控制该病最有效的方法还是使用高效疫苗对易感动物进行免疫接种。利用羊痘病毒基因组做载体构建重组疫苗来同时预防小反刍兽的其他疾病,具有很大的潜力。 相似文献
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羊痘病毒 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
羊痘病毒能引起山羊痘、绵羊痘和牛的结节性疹块病.作者着重综述山羊痘和绵羊痘.羊痘病毒的基因组较大,山羊痘病毒和绵羊痘病毒的基因组非常相似,但自然条件下一般不会发生交叉感染.临床症状主要以发热和全身性丘疹或结节为特征,结合其临床症状实验室用透射电子显微镜检测病毒粒子的典型形态即可做出快速诊断.病毒培养和分离虽有较高的特异性,但耗时长;因羊痘病毒和副痘病毒有相似的血清型,一些血清学的诊断方法如琼脂扩散试验(AGID)、间接免疫荧光试验、检测抗体的ELISA等,因会出现抗体交叉反应而无法区分这2种病毒的感染;又因羊痘感染后主要引起细胞介导免疫,动物接触病原后仅产生低水平的中和抗体,故而病毒中和试验敏感性也不高.近年来,用于ELISA检测抗原的方法已经建立,具有较高的特异性;Western印迹试验利用羊痘病毒的P32抗原与待检血清反应,具有较好的敏感性和特异性,但价格昂贵、操作难.PCR可用来检查活体或组织培养品中羊痘病毒基因组;在此基础上发展了多重PCR技术,不但敏感性和特异性更强,且大量节省了时间和精力.治疗羊痘病毒无特效药,做好疫苗接种等防制措施很关键;目前采用活疫苗和灭活疫苗来控制本病,所有被鉴定的羊痘病毒毒株都有一个相同的主要中和位点,可以交叉保护.灭活苗的免疫保护期短.以羊痘病毒基因组作为其他反刍动物病原基因的载体,生产新一代羊痘病毒基因工程疫苗,具很大潜力. 相似文献
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为了更快、更准确的诊断山羊痘(Goat pox),根据GenBank上已公布的山羊痘病毒(GTPV)的基因序列,针对p32基因的保守序列设计并合成一对能特异性扩增山羊痘病毒的引物,扩增产物大小约为983bp。经过反应条件的优化,建立了山羊痘病毒PCR检测方法,对所建立的PCR反应体系的特异性和灵敏性进行了评价,并用此方法对9份临床样品进行了检测。结果显示,该诊断方法与3种非羊痘病毒不发生交叉反应。该方法最低浓度检测限为0.4pg。在检测的临床样品中,GTPV阳性有3份。结果表明,所建立的方法具有良好的特异性和敏感性,适合临床诊断应用。 相似文献
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The current status of sheep pox disease 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Bhanuprakash V Indrani BK Hosamani M Singh RK 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2006,29(1):27-60
Sheep are the moving banks of shepherds and their economic contribution in terms of meat, wool and skin/hide is immense. Various infectious diseases jeopardize the optimum productivity; among which sheep pox is more important as the disease restricts the export of sheep and their products besides other economic losses. Although, clinical signs are indicative of the disease but a laboratory confirmation is necessary for unequivocal diagnosis and studying epidemiology. The causative agent, sheep pox virus (SPV), is antigenically and genetically closely related to goat pox virus (GPV) and lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), the other members of the genus capripox virus. In some countries, SPV and GPV are cross infective to small ruminants posing problem in diagnosis and epidemiology. However, recent studies have showed that the viruses are phylogenetically distinct and can be differentiated by molecular tools. Prophylaxis using attenuated vaccines is the choice of control measure as the immunity is long lasting. Detailed information on isolation, identification, pathology, epidemiology, diagnosis and prophylaxis would not only help in updating the knowledge of scientific fraternity but will be useful to the policy makers in order to formulate appropriate measures for control and eradication of the disease. This synthesis is to present an up-to-date review of the disease and its control to provide the reader with an overview of the problem. 相似文献
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Passive protection of sheep against capripoxvirus 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
R P Kitching 《Research in veterinary science》1986,41(2):247-250
The close antigenic relationship between strains of capripox was shown by passively immunising sheep with serum against capripoxviruses isolated from a sheep and from a goat. Sheep immunised with immune serum to Oman sheep pox or Yemen goat pox resisted challenge with Yemen goat pox or Nigeria sheep pox respectively. Lambs born to sheep previously infected with isolates of capripox from the Sudan, India and Nigeria were also protected against challenge with Yemen goat pox. 相似文献
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山羊痘和绵羊痘研究进展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
山羊痘和绵羊痘统称羊痘,是分别由山羊瘟病毒和绵羊痘病毒感染引起的山羊与绵羊的病毒性传染病,皆为世界动物卫生组织(OIE)法定报告的动物疫病.羊痘主要流行于亚洲和非洲,在我国青海、甘肃、湖南、内蒙等地区也有该病流行.建立敏感特异的检测方法和研制特效预防性疫苗将为该病的防控奠定良好的基础.论文将从羊痘流行病学、诊断技术和疫... 相似文献
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从山东东营疑似绵羊痘病羊的肺脏组织中分离到1株病毒。取疑似绵羊痘病羊组织病料研磨、冻融、离心后分别接种11日龄SPF鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜和牛睾丸继代细胞,鸡胚接种部位出现明显的痘斑;牛睾丸细胞出现聚集、变圆等明显的细胞病变。利用1对绵羊痘病毒T4肽基因特异性引物进行了PCR扩增,获得与预期大小一致的约300 bp的片段。将所得序列与GenBank收录的绵羊痘病毒、山羊痘病毒等毒株相关序列进行比较分析。结果表明,该分离株与国外其他绵羊痘病毒株具有较高的同源性,达97.4%~99.3%;与山羊痘病毒株同源性为96.4%。通过试验初步证明所分离的病毒为绵羊痘病毒,并将该毒株命名为绵羊痘病毒DY株。 相似文献
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1988年3~8月间,在张家口地区进行了以山羊痘疫苗免疫绵羊,防制绵羊痘的实际应用。对109个疫点及其受威胁区的337061只绵羊,注射了山羊痘疫苗,取得了良好效果。对改良细毛羊、纯种细毛羊及哺乳羔羊,都很安全,无不良反应;注苗羊获得保护,免疫效果确实,疫情于注苗后5~10日被控制。 相似文献
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Comparison of the external dimensions of capripoxvirus isolates 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
No significant difference was found between the external dimensions of the M forms of isolates of sheep pox virus from Nigeria, sheep and goat pox virus from Kenya and lumpy skin disease virus from South Africa. Earlier reports that isolates of capripoxvirus can be distinguished by their relative sizes could not be substantiated. 相似文献