共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 234 毫秒
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肠道不仅是消化吸收的重要场所,也是生物体最大的免疫器官.肠道黏膜面积庞大,它的结构和功能构成了强大的黏膜免疫系统,加之在肠道中生存着大量的微生物菌群,致使外源细菌和病毒很难突破这道防线而对生物体产生危害,所以肠黏膜屏障结构的完整性对机体健康至关重要.肠内细菌移位、菌群紊乱和失调、肠黏膜屏障功能遭到破坏及局部免疫功能下降等极易引发肠源性感染.益生菌能降低肠道pH、减少细菌移位、阻止细菌黏附、防止肠黏膜屏障功能的破坏及增强局部免疫功能,预防和治疗肠源性感染.可见,肠内益生菌所形成的肠黏膜生物屏障在防止致病菌和内毒素经肠道入侵中发挥着重要的作用.现将其如何发挥屏障作用并与肠黏膜机械和免疫屏障协同配合进行探讨. 相似文献
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肠道黏膜免疫系统是仔猪体内最大的黏膜免疫器官,在识别和清除有害物质的过程中发挥着重要作用,同时能够对营养物质和肠道益生菌形成免疫耐受,与仔猪的健康关系最为密切。随着养殖业进入全面减抗、限抗的时代,养猪业面临巨大的挑战。仔猪肠道健康决定了猪场的生产效益,正确认识仔猪肠道免疫系统,科学调节肠道免疫,提高仔猪抗病能力,是决定养猪生产能否成功的重要因素。 相似文献
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饲用益生菌对动物肠道免疫调节的作用机理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
益生菌即一类以活菌为主的新型饲料添加剂,其活菌能在动物肠道内定植,维护肠道菌群平衡,并刺激肠黏膜免疫系统,引起体液免疫和细胞免疫应答,从而增强机体抗病力.本文对益生菌的免疫刺激及其作用机理进行综述. 相似文献
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It is now widely recognized that probiotics have health-beneficial effects on humans and animals. Probiotics should survive in the intestinal tract to exert beneficial effects on the host's health. To keep a sufficient level of probiotic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, a shorter interval between doses may be required. Although adherence to the intestinal epithelial cell and mucus is not a universal property of probiotics, high ability to adhere to the intestinal surface might strongly interfere with infection of pathogenic bacteria and regulate the immune system. The administration of probiotic Lactobacillus stimulated indigenous Lactobacilli and the production of short-chain fatty acids. This alteration of the intestinal environment should contribute to maintain the host's health. The immunomodulatory effects of probiotics are related to important parts of their beneficial effects. Probiotics may modulate the intestinal immune response through the stimulation of certain cytokine and IgA secretion in intestinal mucosa. The health-beneficial effects, in particular the immunomodulation effect, of probiotics depend on the strain used. Differences in indigenous intestinal microflora significantly alter the magnitude of the effects of a probiotic. Specific probiotic strains suitable for each animal species and their life stage as well as each individual should be found. 相似文献
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益生菌对肠道黏膜免疫影响的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
一些选择性益生菌株具有抑制肠道疾病炎性因子产生、稳定菌群、改善肠道黏膜免疫系统的功能。结合炎症性肠炎(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD),介绍某些选择性益生菌(probiotics)通过调节炎性细胞因子1β-白介素、γ-干扰素的表达,改善肠道黏膜炎症,控制疾病的进一步恶化。作者将从肠道黏膜的重要性,益生菌与Toll样受体、核转录因子(NF-κB)的关系,以及益生菌对肠道黏膜免疫影响等方面进行论述,进而探讨其作用机制,为进一步研究益生菌调节宿主肠道黏膜免疫提供新的思路。 相似文献
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益生菌对肠道黏膜免疫的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
益生菌作为一类以活菌为主的新型菌制剂,能在肠道内定殖,维护肠道菌群平衡,并刺激肠黏膜免疫组织,对肠道黏膜免疫有重要的影响。益生菌可直接作用于宿主的免疫系统,刺激胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊等免疫器官的发育,促进巨噬细胞活力或发挥佐剂作用,活化肠黏膜内相关淋巴组织,使免疫球蛋白A分泌增加,使免疫球蛋白A生物合成增加,提高消化道黏膜免疫功能。 相似文献
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益生菌是一类有益于宿主健康的活性微生物,可以通过调节家兔肠道菌群的平衡和增强肠道屏障功能来发挥作用,能够抑制有害菌的生长,提高消化道内营养物质的吸收利用,增强免疫系统的功能,从而维持肠道健康。本文从益生菌对家兔肠道菌群的影响,益生菌治疗机制的探索等方面探讨益生菌在恢复家兔肠道菌群平衡和解决腹泻中的作用,分析了当前研究的局限性和未来研究方向,有助于推动益生菌在家兔腹泻治疗中的临床应用,为家兔肠道健康提供更全面的保障。 相似文献
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ZHANG Man JIN Xin TIAN Qiao-zhen LIU Jiao WANG Yun-he ZHANG Zhao-yi YANG Yin-feng 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(12):3656-3662
Probiotics are a kind of living microorganism which can be administered in feed and confer numerous health benefits to animals. Probiotics play a key role in maintaining the microbial balance of gastrointestinal, immunomodulation and pathogen defense, specific probiotics show certain degree of potential to reinforce the integrity of intestinal epithelium and regulate some immune components. The mechanism of probiotic action is an area of interest. Among all possible routes of modulation by probiotics of intestinal mediated defense responses, modulations of intestinal barrier function, innate and adaptive mucosal immune responses as well as signaling pathways are considered to play an important role in the intestinal defense responses against pathogenic bacteria. This review summarizes how probiotic bacteria interact with goblet cell-derived mucins, trefoil factors (TFFs),defensins, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), heat shock proteins (HSPs) and P-glycoproteins (P-gp) in the gut to regulate the intestinal innate defense responses,which is regarded as the scientific basis for the future detailed study of benefits of probiotics towards the health of intestine and also dietary intervention against intestinal exposure to pathogens. 相似文献
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益生菌是可添加在饲料中对动物健康产生很多益处的活微生物,其在维持胃肠道微生物平衡、免疫调节和病原体防御中起关键作用,某些特定的益生菌菌株对加强肠上皮的完整性和调节一些免疫组分也显示出一定程度的潜力。有关益生菌的作用机制是当前研究的热点,其中,在益生菌调节肠道介导的防御反应的所有可能途径中,肠屏障功能、先天和适应性黏膜免疫反应及信号传导途径被认为在针对病原菌的肠防御反应中起重要作用。作者主要针对益生菌如何与肠道内的杯状细胞黏蛋白、三叶因子(trefoil factors,tffs)、防御素、Toll样受体(Toll-like receptors,TLRs)、分泌型免疫球蛋白A(secretory immunoglobulin A,sIgA)、热休克蛋白(heat shock proteins,HSPs)和P-糖蛋白(P-glycoprotein,P-gp)相互作用而起到调节肠道先天防御反应的作用进行了概述,以期为今后研究益生菌对肠道健康及对感染病原体的肠道如何起到有益作用奠定基础。 相似文献
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The intestinal immune system is affected by various factors during its development, such as maternal antibodies, host genes, intestinal microbial composition and activity, and various stresses (such as weaning stress). Intestinal microbes may have an important impact on the development of the host immune system. Appropriate interventions such as probiotics may have a positive effect on intestinal immunity by regulating the composition and activity of intestinal microbes. Moreover, probiotics participate in the regulation of host health in many ways; for instance, by improving digestion and the absorption of nutrients, immune response, increasing the content of intestinal-beneficial microorganisms, and inhibiting intestinal-pathogenic bacteria, and they participate in regulating intestinal diseases in various ways. Probiotics are widely used as additives in livestock and the poultry industry and bring health benefits to hosts by improving intestinal microbes and growth performance, which provides more choices for promoting strong and efficient productivity. 相似文献