三合激素对绵羊同期发情作用的研究

本试验采用三合激素（ＩＴＣ）为主的处理方案,对繁殖季节中１７９只母羊进行了同期发情处理。按５５ｋｇ以上体重的母羊第一次注ＩＴＣ２．０ｍｌ,间隔１４天,第二次注１．０ｍｌ;５５ｋｇ以下母羊第一次注１．５ｍｌ,第二次注０．８ｍｌ,于第二次注射同时随机分为６组。①ＰＭＳＧ１９０ＩＵ;②ＬＲＨ─Ａ＿２５０μｇ＋ＰＭＳＧ１５０ＩＵ;③ＬＲＨ－Ａ＿３５０μｇ＋ＰＭＳＧ１５０ＩＵ;④ＦＳＨ２０单位＋ＰＭＳＧ１５０ＩＵ;⑤ＬＨ５０单位＋ＰＭＳＧ１５０ＩＵ;⑥ＰＭＳＧ５００ＩＵ或ＬＲＨ－Ａ＿３１００μｇ。试验结果表明,第一次注射和第二次注射ＩＴＣ,第３组同期发情率较高（Ｐ<０．０５）,产羔率以第２组为高（Ｐ<０．０５）,成活则以第４组和第６组８为最高（Ｐ<０．０５）。试验初步结论为：三合激素与ＰＮＩＳＧ、ＬＲＨ─Ａ＿２配合处理,可利用于绵羊同期发情。     

果子狸的人工催情和年产双胎试验

肌注ＰＭＳＧ＋ＣＨＧ、ＬＲＨ－Ａ或ＦＳＨ＋ＬＨ，能促使母果子狸发情、交配和产仔。ＰＭＳＧ５００ＩＵ＋ＨＣＧ２５０ＩＵ，ＬＲＨ－Ａ５０－１００μｇＦＳＨ１６０ＩＵ＋ＬＨ１００ＩＵ时催情效果较佳。使用上述药物，在每年１月３０日在若进行第１次催情，果子狸可比自然状态提早约１个月于４月５日前后产下第１胎仔狸。仔狸２０日龄断奶成活率较高。断奶后第１５ｄ对母猪第２次催情，７月中旬前后可产下第２胎仔狸，做到在较     

生殖激素对母猪繁殖力的影响

将７９头断奶后２０天仍不发情的母猪随机分成四组，试验Ⅰ和Ⅲ组分别用孕马血清促性腺激素（ＰＭＳＧ）每百千克体重１０００ＩＵ、６６７１ＩＵ和促卵泡素（ＦＳＨ）２００配合促黄体素（ＬＨ）５０ＩＵ进行处理，对照组不作任何处理。     

两种剂量的PMSG对兔超数排卵效果的影响

兔超数排卵的情况下，卵巢上常伴有卵泡充血，卵巢体积增大，重量增加等现象。本实验使用两种剂量（５０ＩＵ和１００ＩＵ）的ＰＭＳＧ对哈白兔进行超数排卵处理，观察卵巢反应。从实验结果看出，１００ＩＵ的ＰＭＳＧ处理和５０ＩＵ的ＰＭＳＧ处理相比，卵巢体积和充血卵泡数量显著增加（ｐ〈０．０１），而排卵点和获卵数差异并不显著（ｐ〉０．０５）。     

绵羊胚胎移植受体同期化处理技术研究

采用ＰＧ注射、ＭＡＰ口服或阴道埋植以及与不同促性腺激素和释放激素配合对受体母羊进行同期化处理，共分３次试验１１组１９种处理。试验结果表明：０．０５ｍｇＰＧ间隔１１天２次阴唇注射，４５ｍｇＭＡＰ阴道埋植１０天，撤栓同时注射ＰＧ０．０５ｍｇ，ＰＭＳＧ３００ＩＵ，ＬＲＨ－Ａ３１００单位，４８小时注射ＬＨ２０单位以及埋植ＭＡＰ４５ｍｇ１０天，撤栓同时注ＰＧ０．０５ｍｇ，ＰＭＳＧ３００ＩＵ，第１３天注射ＬＲ     

海狸鼠卵母细胞体外成熟培养初探

实验用ＰＭＳＧ或ＰＭＳＧ＋ＨＣＧ处理或未经激素处理的海狸鼠８只，共获卵巢卵母细胞１３８枚。激素处理对获取卵巢卵母细胞的数量没有影响，而对体外成熟发育至卵丘扩展和半成熟阶段有促进作用。三种不同培养液（Ｗｈｉｔｅｎ＋ＦＣＳ；ＴＣＭ１９９＋ＰＭＳＧ＋ＦＣＳ；ＴＣＭ１９９＋ＨＣＧ＋ＦＣＳ）共培养１２５枚卵母细胞，培养后卵丘扩展率及半成熟率分别为５６．５％，４５．７％，４７．６％和２１．７％，１２．３％，９．５％，以Ｗｈｉｔｅｎ液较高（分别为５６．５％和２１．７％），但只有ＴＣＭ１９９＋ＰＭＳＧ＋ＦＣＳ组有２枚卵母细胞出现第一极体。结果表明海狸鼠卵母细胞与其它啮齿动物的卵母细胞一样，能够在体外培养成熟，完成第一次减数分裂，排出第一极体     

应用HCG和PMSG对南方圈养野母猪诱情效果观察

应用人绒毛膜促性腺激素(ＨＣＧ)和孕马血清促性腺激素(ＰＭＳＧ)对３６头经产野母猪进行诱情试验。试验分组比较了ＨＣＧ、ＰＭＳＧ与对照组的采食、外阴红肿湿润、受配情况。结果表明,在非发情季节,单独应用试验剂量的ＨＣＧ、ＰＭＳＧ诱导野母猪发情,减食不明显(Ｐ＝０．５８９)差异不显著;阴户红肿湿润变化(Ｐ＜０．０１),有显著性差异;各组受配情况(Ｐ＞０．０５),差异不显著。     

LRH─A3、hCG和PMSG对体外培养条件下牦牛垂体组织LH和FSH分泌的调节

促卵泡素３号（ＬＲＨ－Ａ３）、人绒毛膜促性腺激素（ｈＣＧ）和孕马血清促性腺激素（ＰＭＳＧ）等３种外源性激素均可增加体外培养条件下牦牛垂体组织分泌ＬＨ和ＦＳＨ的能力。培养液中ＬＨ和ＦＳＨ含量与加入的ＬＲＨ－Ａ３量呈正相关，与加入的ＰＭＳＧ和ｈＣＧ的量无显著关系     

犬卵母细胞体外成熟的影响因素

采集发情期和间情期犬卵巢,回收大腔（直径大于１ｍｍ）卵泡和不可见卵泡的卵母细胞,在４种成熟液（ＴＣＭ１９９＋２０％ＦＣＳ,ＴＣＭ１９９＋２０％ＦＣＳ＋１０ＩＵ／ｍＬＦＳＨ,ＴＣＭ１９９＋２０％ＥＤＳ和ＴＣＭ１９９＋２０％ＥＤＳ＋１０ＩＵ／ｍＬＦＳＨ）中成熟后进行了受精试验。结果：（１）发情期大于２ｍｍ和１～２ｍｍ的大腔卵泡卵母细胞的体外成熟率（４２．５％,３２．５％）显著高于间情期卵母细胞（２０．４％）,但发情犬不可见卵泡卵母细胞的体外成熟率（２８．９％）与间情期卵母细胞差异不显著;（２）在成熟液中添加促性腺激素,能有效地提高卵母细胞成熟率,不可见卵泡的卵母细胞对促性腺激素的依赖性（３０．０％比７．８％）大于大腔卵泡的卵母细胞（４２．５％比２９．０％）;（３）卵丘扩散与卵母细胞成熟存在相关性;（４）ＥＤＳ可诱导卵丘扩散,但不能有效提高卵母细胞的成熟率;（５）发情期卵巢上的大腔卵泡和不可见卵泡的卵母细胞以及间情期卵巢不可见卵泡的卵母细胞体外培养后,与体外获能的精子进行体外受精,其卵裂率分别为１６．０％（４／２５）,０％（０／４０）和２．５％（１／４０）。     

PMSG诱导的双胎母牛血清中P_4、LH、E_2的变化及与单、双胎的关系

于发情周期的第１０天,给１２头参试母牛肌注ＰＭＳＧ（孕马血清促性腺激素,总剂量为１３５０～２０００ＩＵ）。每头参试牛于肌注ＰＭＳＧ前的当天,肌注后２４ｈ、４８ｈ,肌注氯前列烯醇后２４ｈ、４８ｈ,发情后４８ｈ,排卵或妊娠５、１０、２０、６０ｄ,从颈静脉各采血１次,共采１０次,每次１０ｍｌ,离心后分离血清。用放免法测定上述各生理时期血清中Ｐ４（孕酮）、ＬＨ（促黄体素）、Ｅ２（雌二醇）水平。结果表明,适量的ＰＭＳＧ（１３５０～２０００ＩＵ）能诱导母牛产双胎,其双胎率为４２．９％（３／７）。测定早期妊娠母牛（５、１０、２０、６０ｄ）血清中Ｐ４水平,证明双胎牛均高于单胎牛。     

金黄地鼠超数排卵模型的建立

为探讨金黄地鼠超数排卵效果的影响因素,采用孕马血清促性腺激素(PMSG)和人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)对成年雌性金黄地鼠进行超数排卵研究。结果表明,采用40 IU PMSG+40 IU HCG剂量组合的超排效果优于30 IU PMSG+30 IU HCG剂量和20 IU PMSG+20 IU HCG组合;90日龄~150日龄的90 g~150 g的金黄地鼠超数排卵效果最好;人绒毛膜促性腺激素注射后20 h是超排鼠处死取卵的最佳时间,获卵最多。     

不同剂量PMSG/HCG对小鼠超数排卵的效果

确定昆明种小白鼠超排的最佳激素剂量和分析其他影响超排的因素。将40只雌性昆明小白鼠随机分为四组。每组注射PMSG和HCG分别为5IU+5IU、5IU+10IU、10IU+5IU和10IU+10IU,注射间隔时间为48h,比较排出卵母细胞的数量。结果表明,试验3组小鼠排出卵母细胞的平均数量(57.1枚),显著(P<0.05)高于试验1组(42.7枚)和试验2组(41.7枚),极显著(P<0.01)高于试验4组(30.7枚)。其它三组间无显著差异。左右卵巢的排卵数也未表现出明显差异。初步说明昆明小白鼠超排的最佳激素剂量为10IU PMSG+5IU HCG,但要想得到很好的超排效果还要考虑其他因素。     

Changes in the hypothalamus and adjacent ependyma after hormonal stimulation of the ovaries in ewes]

Superovulation treatment leaves alternations in the controlling regions of the hypothalamus and in the adjacent ependyme after ovulation. The test ewes were synchronized with Agelin (20 mg chlorsuperlutin in one vaginal sponge) and stimulated (after the removal of the sponges) with 750 IU PMSG + 750 IU HCG and with 1000 IU HCG and 750 IU PMSG + 5 ml Antisergon (goat antiserum against PMSG), administered 68 hours after PMSG (i.e. 40 hours after HCG). The control ewes were in different stages of the ovarial cycle. The experimental ewes were killed 120 to 130 hours after the start of stimulation. Routine histological techniques were used to treat the brain samples; this treatment was followed by assessment under light microscope. The ependyme epithelium of the third cerebral chamber was studied under scanning microscope. Preparations with different FSH:LH ratios had different effects on the nucleus ventromedialis. Antisergon administration influenced the secretion of NPV (prevented persistent stimulation), which was observed after administration of PMSG + HCG. On the surface of the lower part of the third cerebral chamber the administration of Antisergon slowed the formation of the miniblebs. Supraependyme cells disappeared after stimulation for superovulation.     

五指山小型猪的胚胎移植试验

采用PMSG+hCG法和PG+PMSG+hCG法对五指山小型猪进行超数排卵处理。2种方法超排有效率分别为58.33%和72.73%,头均排卵数为22枚和25.6枚;PMSG剂量为1500IU和2000 IU时超排有效率分别为50%和81.82%,头均排卵数为21.4枚和26.2枚。将60枚胚胎经短距离运输后采用外科手术法移植入3头受体,平均每头移植(20±3)枚,其中1头产仔3头。     

对C57BL／6小鼠超排效果的研究

本文以近交系C57BL／6小鼠为实验对象．研究注射不同剂量的PMSG和hCG对小鼠超排效果的影响。取C57BL／6小鼠各30只,按照注射剂量不同分为A、B、C三组,每组10只,A组注射PMSG2．5IU,HCG2．5IU,B组注射PMSG5．0IU,HCG5．0IU,C组注射PMSG7．5IU,HCG7．5IU。每只小鼠腹腔注射PMSG,间隔48h后分别注射HCG进行超数排卵,再与性成熟同系公鼠合笼,次日早上检查阴道栓．有栓雌鼠用颈椎脱臼法处死。在实体显微镜下由输卵管膨大部冲卵．收集卵母细胞置于盛有M2培养液的表面皿中检查计数．分析超排效果。结果表明。C57BU6小鼠B组的平均取卵数极显著高于A组的平均取卵数（P〈0．05）;B组的平均取卵数显著高于C组的平均取卵数（P〈0．05）;C组与A组的平均取卵数差异不显著（P〉0．05）。     

昆明鼠超数排卵影响因素研究

为探讨昆明鼠超数排卵的最佳条件,提高超排效果,比较促性腺激素使用剂量、孕马血清促性腺激素(PMSG)与人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)注射间隔时间、超排小鼠所处发情周期阶段及小鼠周龄等因素对昆明鼠超数排卵结果的影响。PMSG 8IU+hCG 8IU、间隔46h～48h注射组超排效果最好;3周龄、8周龄～10周龄雌鼠较4周龄～7周龄雌鼠超排效果好,小鼠发情间期或发情前期开始超排的效果显著高于发情周期的其他时期。     

PMSG profiles in superovulated and anti-PMSG antiserum treated mice and heifers with enzymeimmunoassay

A sandwich enzymeimmunoassay (EIA) for pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) using a microtiter plate was developed. Sensitivity of the assay to PMSG was 15.6 mIU/ml (0.2 ng/well). The PMSG levels in serum were measured with the EIA in superovulated and anti-PMSG rabbit antiserum treated mice and heifers. In mice, the PMSG blood level was measurable in the serum 4-6 days after intraperitoneal injection of 5-30 IU of PMSG. The administration of anti-PMSG antiserum at the same dose level as PMSG caused a rapid decrease in the PMSG blood level, declining to undetectable levels within 17 hours. In heifers, the PMSG level was measurable at 10-11 days after the injection of 2500 or 3000 IU of PMSG. When antiserum was injected 48 hours after the PMSG injection, the clearance rate of PMSG was affected by the route of the administration. The administration of 3000 units of anti-PMSG antiserum intravenously caused a rapid decline and the disappearance of circulating PMSG within 17 hours. When 3000 units of anti-PMSG antiserum was injected intra-muscularly, the PMSG blood level also decreased and became unmeasurable 24 hours after administration; however, it was still detectable for up to 17 hours. These results indicate that the administration of anti-PMSG antiserum at the proper timing and dosage could lead to successful superovulation through the improvement of hormonal conditions.     

Superovulation in the cow with pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin: effects of dose and antipregnant mare serum gonadotrophin serum.

The effects of pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) dose and PMSG antiserum on superovulation in crossbred beef cows were studied. In experiment I, three groups were treated with 1200, 2400 or 3600 IU of PMSG and 48 h later with prostaglandin (PGF). The mean numbers of corpora lutea (CL), unovulated follicles, and total ova/embryos collected increased as the PMSG dose increased. The percent of fertilized ova and transferable embryos was lowest in the highest dose group (p < 0.05). In experiment II, all cows received 2500 IU of PMSG; groups 1 and 2 were treated with sheep anti-PMSG serum at 48 h or 60 h after PGF; group 3 cows were PMSG-only controls. The number of CL was lowest and the number of unovulated follicles highest in the PMSG-only group (p < 0.05). The number of CL was higher in group 2 (anti-PMSG at 60 h) than in the control group, with the anti-PMSG at 48 h not different from the other groups. Numbers of total ova/embryos, fertilized ova, and transferable embryos were higher (p < 0.05) in both antiserum-treated groups relative to the PMSG-only group. We conclude that superovulation of beef cows with PMSG and treatment with PMSG antiserum will induce a higher superovulatory response and will result in higher CL numbers and fewer unovulated follicles. Further, the variability in the superovulatory response to PMSG treatment was still evident when PMSG antiserum was administered.     

The anti-proteolytic activity of blood and ovarian follicular fluid in sheep after stimulation with serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and administration of Antisergon]

The synthesis and secretion of trypsin (trypsin model serine protease) inhibitors are regulated in ovarian follicles by gonadotropins. The superovulation stimulations with 400 IU FSH, 1000 IU PMSG, 1000 IU HCG, 750 IIU PMSG + 750 IU HCG influence in a different way the trypsin inhibiting activities (TIA) of blood plasma (BP) (Figs 1 and 2) and follicular fluid (fig. 3); this points to a possibility of local effects. An increase in the average values of TIA in BP was statistically significant during the whole experiment: P less than 0.05 to P less than 0.001 (following the administration of PMSG+HCG, or PMSG, and HCG); Antisergon administered in 68 hours after PMSG reduced this increase. The changes in the fraction of low-molecular TIA in BP (after BP treatment with perchloric acid) were of converse nature; a decrease in the average values ranged from P less than 0.02 to P less than 0.001 (following PMSG or other stimulations). Antisergon did not influence this decrease. The changes observed on particular days of the trial (Figs. 1 and 2) also indicate different effects of the preparations, mainly of the component LH, which resulted in the occurrence of large nonovulating follicles (greater than 10 mm--"cystic" ones). No such follicles were observed in nonstimulated ewes and after FSH stimulation. The administration of antisergon (goat's antiserum against PMSG) 68 hours after PMSG administration did not prevent their creation. The TIA of follicular fluid (FF) of antral follicles was on average tenfold in comparison with that of blood plasma; and the TIA FF of follicles greater than 10 mm was higher (up to P less than 0.001) than the TIA FF of follicles less than 10 mm. The administration of Antisergon in shorter intervals following PMSG administration (12, 24, 48 and 58 hours) influenced the average values of TIA BP in 120 hours (since PMSG administration) in dependence on time (Tab. I). The effects of Antisergon administered in 12 and 24 hours after PMSG administration on the TIA BP were insignificant if it was administered in 48 and 58 hours the TIA BP increased (P less than 0.02; P less than 0.001) in comparison with the interval of 12 hours. The TIA FF of follicles less than 5 mm, 5-10 mm and greater than 10 mm varied in dependence on the time intervals of Antisergon administration (Fig. 4). The statistical significance of these changes in shown in Tab. II.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

家猫非繁殖季节诱导发情配种后排卵时间的确定

作者尝试在非繁殖季节应用外源促性腺激素对家猫进行人工诱导发情,并判断其较为准确的排卵时间。试验采用PMSG两次注射法对雌性家猫进行诱导发情,注射总剂量为150 IU,PMSG处理后的第6 d肌肉注射hCG（100 IU/只）并合笼配种。分别于合笼后的24、30、36 h手术法摘除家猫卵巢及输卵管部,观察记录卵巢排卵情况并对排卵侧的输卵管进行冲胚。试验结果显示,利用外源性促性腺激素可使家猫在非繁殖季节发情,且排卵时间范围为合笼配种后30 h左右。