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中国各地动物品种资源多样性,既是人类赖以生存与经济可持续发展的物质基础; 又是中国各族人民长期积累的宝贵财富,也是“生物经济”时代遗传工程与产业化科技创新的战略性资源。据笔者对中国中西部地区陕、川、鄂、甘、青、重庆等8省市82县(市)的特种养殖业现状实地调查研究表明:目前中国西部地区经济动物养殖种类,合计共有6动物门、17纲、 57目、106科、411种,其中药用动物资源达79科、218种。从特种养殖这一视角反映了中国动物品种资源的多样性。如何保护、开发、利用这些宝贵遗传资源,对我国综合国力的提高具有极其重要意义,为此笔者提出若干措施与建议,以促进我国动物资源保护和经济的可持续发展。 相似文献
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特种经济动物养殖是一个新兴的产业,作为畜牧业的一个组成部分,它对我国的经济发展和人民生活水平的提高发挥着越来越重要的作用。面对新世纪和新千年,我国的特种经济动物养殖业该如何发展,已成为人们普遍关注的热门话题。 一、当前我国特种养殖业所面临的问题 与普通的养殖业相比,特种养殖有许多的优势,特别是加入WTO后,由于西方国家对皮毛动物和特禽的需求量很大,为我国扩大产品出口创造了有利时机。这将大大促进我国特养业的发展。另外,搞好特种养殖也有利于我国保护野生动物资源。但是,我国特种养殖业目前还很不规范,还存… 相似文献
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特种动物养殖是最近几年新兴的行业,一些珍稀动物品种在我国不少地方已形成规模化的产业,出现许多养殖基地。目前人工养殖的30多种特种经济动物中,约有60%是属于濒危的动物种,而养殖的主要品种有鹿、狐、海狸、肉狗、中华鳖、黑凤鸡、火鸡、鸵鸟、牛蛙、蚂蚁、河蟹、鲍鱼、乳鸽、野鸭、七彩山鸡,以及新培育的小香猪等。特种动物养殖业的兴起和发展,为市场和消费提供了大量的衣食、药用等生产、生活资料。成为农民发家致富的行当,有的地方成为振兴农村经济的支柱产业之一。特种经济动物养殖业的产品,且已打入国际市场,一直是我国重… 相似文献
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畜禽地方品种资源及其保护的经济学分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文从经济学角度分析了畜禽地方品种资源的经济价值及其范畴,以及畜禽地方品种资源丧失的经济原因,论述了畜禽地方品种资源我样性与畜牧业经济可持续发展的关系。由此得出保护畜禽地方品种资源多样性是我国畜牧业经济可持续发展的基本要求这一结论。 相似文献
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据国家林业局介绍 ,我国野生动物保护法规定保护的野生动物与特种养殖涉及的野生动物既有联系 ,又有区别。第一 ,划分的依据不同。野生动物保护法根据保护对象的重要程度将野生动物划分为三个等级 ;特种养殖动物的品种根据经济目的划分为皮用、肉用、毛用等。第二 ,目的不同。野生动物保护法的立法目的是保护野生动物资源 ;特种养殖的目的主要是利用 ,而不是扩大野外的资源数量。第三 ,两者在管理上是有联系的 ,即特种养殖涉及的野生动物如果属于国家重点保护的野生动物 ,则必须按照野生动物保护法的有关规定办理驯养繁殖许可证 ,如果属于地… 相似文献
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钟秀安 《河南畜牧兽医(综合版)》2000,(6)
我国经济动物资源非常丰富。目前已大量养殖的经济动物有以下几类:一是提供裘皮的各种毛皮动物,二是提供贵重药材的经济动物,三是珍禽类动物,如鹧鸪、鹌鹑、野鸭、丝光鸡、乌鸡、珍珠鸡、贵妇鸡等,四是肉用动物,五是特种水产品类,六是观赏动物。针对有养殖前景的珍禽项目,怎样才能做出科学的投资策略呢?一、选择符合自身条件的珍禽饲养品种随着珍禽养殖业的发展,珍禽养殖的品种会越来越多,选择出符合自身条件的珍禽养殖品种是保证养殖业成功的第一步,所谓自身条件包括种源、技术、场地、资金、人员、饲料、水电、交通、销售等因素。掌握科… 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献