水貂阿留申病毒结构蛋白与非结构蛋白在疾病诊断与疫苗研发中的应用

水貂阿留申病是由水貂阿留申病毒引起的一种持续感染性疾病,危害毛皮动物养殖业的发展.水貂阿留申病毒的致病特点、免疫机制等与其他细小病毒不同,存在自身的复杂性.目前,众多研究者寻求新的疫苗来预防水貂阿留申病的发生,但没有取得理想的效果.疾病诊断及疫苗研发对防控水貂阿留申病具有积极的意义.水貂阿留申病毒结构蛋白在病毒感染、机...     

水貂阿留申病对犬瘟热及细小病毒性肠炎疫苗免疫的影响

对81份水貂血样进行了水貂阿留申、犬瘟热及细小病毒性肠炎的抗体进行检测,并对检测结果进行了对比分析,表明阿留申抗体阳性水貂的犬瘟热及细小病毒性肠炎抗体合格率、均值,均远低于阿留申抗体阴性貂,验证了阿留申病对水貂的免疫应答有较为明显的影响。     

秦皇岛地区水貂阿留申病的检测

为了确定秦皇岛地区水貂阿留申病的感染状况,采用对流免疫电泳法对该地区3个水貂养殖场送检的442个样品进行阿留申病检测。结果表明:水貂阿留申病阳性率为21.93%~71.70%,平均阳性率为31.67%,可见秦皇岛地区水貂阿留申病的感染比较严重。     

水貂阿留申病

阿留申病(Aleutian Disease,AD)是水貂的慢性、进行性,病毒性传染病,其特征是浆细胞增多,γ-球蛋白量增高,持续性毒血症,脾脏肿大,淋巴结出现病变,体重下降,坏死性动脉炎和增生性肾小球肾炎等。阿留申基因型(阿留申aa或Chediak-Higashi综合症C—HS型)比非阿留申     

水貂阿留申病灭活疫苗免疫效果观察

为评价水貂阿留申病灭活疫苗的免疫效果 ,对接种疫苗水貂及阿留申病阴性、阳性水貂的死亡、空怀、流产、产仔、产仔成活数进行了比较 ,结果证实 ,水貂阿留申病灭活疫苗对水貂具有较好的免疫保护作用。     

水貂阿留申病的防控措施

正水貂阿留申病广泛流行于世界各养貂国家,我国各养貂场均有此病发生,本区的水貂养殖场水貂阿留申病都有不同程度的感染,2014年,本区两水貂养殖场部分水貂,经对流免疫电泳检测,阿留申阳性率分别达到87.8%(36/41)和77.3%(17/22)。水貂阿留申病的危害很大,严重影响毛皮动物的繁殖能力,免疫机能和毛皮质量。1水貂阿留申病的流行特点     

水貂阿留申病毒的分子生物学研究进展

从水貂阿留申病毒(ADV)基因组特点出发,就阿留申病毒的分子生物学研究进展作以简单综述。     

水貂阿留申病病毒CIEP抗原结合蛋白初探

以水貂阿留申病病毒对流免疫电泳(CIEP)细胞抗原为材料,经酶印迹(Westemblotting)测定,水貂阿留申病病毒CIEI细胞抗原与多克隆阳性血清反应,分子量为60000,50000和25000,而与CIEP阴性的抗水貂阿留申病病毒的单克隆抗体(Y—2—9)反应,分子量为60000,50000.因此初步确定水貂阿留申病病毒CIEP细胞抗原决定族位于分子25000蛋白上.     

水貂养殖场预防阿留申病扩散的生物安全措施

正众所周知,水貂阿留申病在母兽产仔率、仔兽成活率、水貂免疫力等多个方面严重影响养殖场的生产成绩,目前阿留申病已经成为国内水貂养殖生产水平提高的重要阻碍。一些养殖场近几年从国外引进阿留申病阴性水貂种群,为国内的养殖场提供种源。一些有认识、有能力的养殖场也开始进行阿留申病的检测,检测完成后淘汰阳性水貂。这些养殖场都面临着一个重要的挑     

2014-2015年红岛地区水貂阿留申病的流行病学调查研究

<正>为了解2014~2015年山东省青岛市红岛地区水貂阿留申病的流行情况和发病率,对红岛地区某水貂养殖场里的部分水貂采用剪脚趾的方法进行了血清取样,并分别采用碘凝集和对流免疫电泳两种试验方法进行血清学检测,进而总结红岛地区水貂阿留申病的发病率与流行状况。结果显示,红岛地区阿留申病的阳性检出率为63.33%以上,表明红岛地区水貂阿留申病的流行情况较为严重。     

Demonstration of heavy and light density populations of Aleutian disease virus.

A highly purified and concentrated suspension of aleutian disease virus was prepared from large quantities of early infected mink tissues using repeated fluorocarbon extraction procedures. Equilibrium centrifugation of the aleutian disease virus preparation in a cesium chloride gradient yielded three distinct bands at buoyant densities of 1.295, 1.332, and 1.405--1.416 g/cm(3). Electron microscopic observations of these three bands revealed mainly empty particles in the first band. In the second band complete particles with a flattened appearnce predominated and there were also some empty particles. In the third band both complete and empty particles were observed. The size of the aleutian disease virus particles observed in all of the three densities was 23 nm. Light aleutian disease virions (density of 1.332 g/cm3) had a particle to counterimmunoelectrophoresis antigen ratio comparable to that of dense aleutian disease virions (density of 1.405--1.416 g/cm3) but possessed much lower infectivity as determined by mink inoculation.     

Detection and Localization of Aleutian Disease Virus and its Antigens in vivo by Immunoferritin Technique

Tissues from mink infected with aleutian disease virus were examined by the electron microscope for the presence of virus particles. Virus-like particles, measuring 22 nm in diameter, were observed in macrophages of spleen, mesenteric lymph node and in Kupffer cells in liver of mink ten to 13 days after infection. The virus-like particles were usually present in vacuoles inside the cytoplasm of macrophages and Kupffer cells and, occasionally, similar particles were observed inside the nucleus. Cells from uninfected mink did not contain such patricles. To correlate the existence of these virus-like particles with the presence of aleutian disease virus antigen in infected cells, tissues were processed for immunoferritin technique. It was found that aleutian disease virus antigen was present in vacuoles inside the cytoplasm of cells from the infected spleen, lymph node and liver, and that the location was similar to that of the 22 nm virus-like particles. In addition, some viral antigen was also detected as cytoplasmic granular material. The nuclei of some cells also contained aleutian disease virus antigen. The pattern of aleutian disease virus antigen was similar to the distribution of virus-like particles in cells of infected tissue. It is suggested that virus replication occurs inside the nucleus with subsequent accumulation of virus in the vacuoles of the cytoplasm.     

Natural Antibodies in Sera of Mink Before and After The Development of Aleutian Disease (Viral Plasmacytosis)

The effect of infection of mink with aleutian disease virus on the level of natural antibodies in the serum was investigated. The level of natural antibodies to chicken red blood cells was increased following infection but there was no correlation between the degree of hypergamma globulinemia in the diseased mink and the increase in titers. On the other hand, serum levels of natural hemolytic antibodies to sheep red blood cells in mink did not increase during the course of aleutian disease. These data indicate that the aleutian disease virus does not stimulate a broad spectrum of pre-existing antibody producing cells.     

Ultraviolet Inactivation of the Infective Agent of Aleutian Disease of Mink

An experiment carried out to examine the effect of ultraviolet light on the aleutian disease agent in serum indicated that the agent was sensitive to irradiation.     

Poly IC therapy in aleutian disease of mink.

Twenty-four virgin female aleutian mink were infected with aleutian disease agent and after 24 hours, 12 of these were treated with a course of polyinosinic acid-polycytidilic acid (Poly IC) injections. After six weeks the gammaglobulin level was significantly lower in the treated group but at 12 weeks this difference was no longer present. Four of the treated mink had normal target organ histology when killed at 20 weeks. The untreated group all showed moderate to marked changes but this difference was not statistically significant. There was a marked increase in the reactive lymphocyte blastogenesis index during the first weeks of infection and the phytohaemagglutinin response was seen to fall progressively. The antiglobulin reaction usually became positive after infection but neither antinuclear nor antierythrocyte antibodies were found. Precipitating antibodies to several polynucleotides were frequently present and were unrelated to infection or to Poly IC treatment.     

Myocardial Necrosis and Mineralization in Normal and Aleutian Disease Mink Fed Dexamethasone

Focal myocardial necrosis with mineralization occurred in mink fed the synthetic corticosteroid, dexamethasone, as a treatment for aleutian disease. Cardiac lesions occurred with equal frequency in steroid-fed controls and appeared to be related only to feeding of dexamethasone. Possible pathogenetic mechanisms are considered.     

Studies on Viral Plasmacytosis (Aleutian Disease) of Mink : VII. Infection of Mink with DNA Extracted from Diseased Spleens

Lesions considered typical of aleutian disease developed in three of four mink inoculated with DNA extracted from spleens of mink with viral plasmacytosis. Control mink inoculated with buffered saline or DNA treated with specific enzyme (DNAase) remained normal. It is inferred that the infective DNA corresponds to viral DNA.

This DNA preparation was used in an attempt to infect tissue cultures from mink testis cells but the results were equivocal.

     

水貂阿留申病的研究进展

水貂阿留申病(Aleutian disease of mink,ADM)是由水貂阿留申病细小病毒(Aleutian mink disease parvovirus,AD-MV)引起的一种慢性、进行性传染病,一直是危害世界养貂业健康发展最重要的疫病之一。到目前为止,还没有疫苗可成功用于ADM的预防,也没有特异有效的治疗方法,唯一可行的防治方法就是通过多次特异性检疫,淘汰病貂,净化貂群。笔者对阿留申病的病原学、发病机制、防治措施等方面进行概述,为临床防治水貂阿留申病提供了理论基础。     

Isolation and Identification of Local Aleutian Mink Virus Virulent Strain ADV-LN

Mink suspected infection aleutian mink disease virus (ADV) from mink breeding areas in Liaoning province were tested with CIEP method.The mink with antibody to ADV were selected and culled.Liver,spleen,kidney and mesenteric lymph node samples were taken for pathological examination and the viruses were observed under electron microscope.The grinded tissue fluid filter was added penicillin and treptomycin and inoculated into CRFK cells and passaged by 6 times for virus isolation.And cells cultures were identified as ADV by PCR.Then they were inoculated into healthy mink.Three days later,the mink showed clinical signs,which including the loss of appetite,anemia,hair dull,antifeedant and binge drinking.Some minks showed neurological symptoms,manifested symptoms of convulsions,cramps,staggering gait,ataxia,or hind limb paralysis and died.The virus strains isolated and identified were named as the ADV-LN.     

水貂阿留申病毒地方强毒株ADV-LN的分离鉴定

本研究采用对流免疫电泳方法(CIEP)检测辽宁水貂养殖场疑似水貂阿留申病毒(aleutian mink disease virus,ADV)水貂血清抗体,采集抗体阳性水貂的肝脏、脾脏、肾脏和肠系膜淋巴结组织,电镜观察存在细小病毒样颗粒。组织液研磨无菌处理后,接种CRFK细胞,盲传6代,取病毒细胞分离液用PCR方法检测,呈ADV阳性。将病毒分离液纯化后接种健康水貂,隔离观察,接种后3 d即出现食欲减退,贫血,被毛无光泽,后期出现拒食、狂饮、死亡,个别水貂出现神经症状,表现抽搐、痉挛、步态蹒跚、共济失调,证明分离获得的病毒为ADV强毒株,命名为ADV-LN株。