基于水足迹的民勤县农作物耗水当量与气候响应评估

在阐述水足迹、水资源压力指数的基础上,计算了1991—2013年民勤县8种主要农作物(玉米、小麦、棉花、葵花、苹果、瓜类、蔬菜)蓝水需水量、总耗水当量和单位作物耗水当量,研究了这些作物在23年内总耗水当量和单位耗水当量的时间序列变化规律,并对比三种经济技术耗水分离模型,分离出4种典型作物(小麦、玉米、棉花、瓜类)单位气候耗水当量,最后选择逐步回归分析法探讨了作物气候耗水当量与相关气候因子之间的关系。结果表明:(1)民勤总耗水当量逐年增加,粮食作物总耗水当量变化最大,蔬菜、油料作物(葵花)次之,单位作物耗水当量在震荡中逐年递减;(2)HP滤波法为最优气候耗水当量分离模型,单位作物气候耗水当量趋势性不明显,序列期内震荡显著,且不同作物差异较大;(3)显著影响单位作物气候耗水当量的主要气候因子为5、6月份总降水量和7月份相对湿度,与生长期内气温要素相关性不强。可见,不同作物耗水变化的气候响应模式差异较大,整体受降水和温度的影响显著,但对全球气候变暖大趋势的响应机制尚不明确。     

厄尔尼诺对宁夏干旱山区农作物的影响初探

引起赤道太平洋海温异常的厄尔尼诺现象,通过大气环流的异常影响东亚季风系统,对宁夏气温、降水等农作物赖以生存的环境造成影响。为了解厄尔尼诺对宁夏中南部山区气候要素的变化及对产量的影响程度,本文采用动态距平分析法,分析了宁夏干旱山区1961年以来厄尔尼诺发生当年和次年气候要素、农业气候资源及小麦、玉米和马铃薯的产量变化。结果表明,厄尔尼诺造成宁夏暖冬,有利于设施农业生产。厄尔尼诺使冬、春季气温偏高,但夏季气温明显偏低,作物生长季积温减少,高海拔地区热量强度更加不足,影响玉米成熟。厄尔尼诺发生次年,中部干旱带春季降水偏多,有利于保障春播和作物苗期生长,但夏、秋季降水偏少,容易出现干旱,不利于作物生长发育。南部山区春季、秋季降水偏多,有利于作物播种和苗期生长,但夏季降水偏少,特别是作物开花、灌浆初期降水偏少,不利于玉米、马铃薯生长。玉米灌浆中后期、马龄薯成熟期降水偏多,容易引起马铃薯晚疫病。厄尔尼诺发生当年小麦、玉米和马铃薯减产;厄尔尼诺发生次年,山区冬小麦、玉米和马铃薯平均增产幅度分别为8.9%、7.8%和8.4%,均为显著增产。     

滴灌条件下春小麦耗水规律研究

通过对滴灌(4个水分处理:150、300、450mm和600 mm)和漫灌(CK)不同品种(新春6号、新春22号)的春小麦生育期耗水量的分析,研究新疆石河子地区滴灌春小麦的作物系数、耗水规律及对产量的影响。结果表明:滴灌小麦各水分处理耗水量随着灌水量的增大而增大,整个生育期内蒸发蒸腾量为545.94 mm,平均阶段耗水强度为5.35 mm/d;蒸散量、蒸散强度呈抛物线型,在抽穗~乳熟期达到最高点;滴灌小麦的产量与耗水量呈单峰曲线关系;不同生育阶段的作物系数与FAO推荐的单值作物系数法查得的作物系数不同,在初始生长期、生育后期都大于标准条件下的作物系数值。     

基于覆膜积温补偿效应的AquaCrop模型优化模拟

基于2013—2018年冬小麦-夏玉米轮作田间试验数据,分析冬小麦和夏玉米覆膜积温补偿效应的特征,估算黄土高原南部覆膜积温补偿效应系数的值域范围,分析利用模型自带参数（方法一）和覆膜积温补偿系数（方法二）两种方法在AquaCrop模型中引入覆膜积温补偿效应的优劣性。结果表明：冬小麦在播种至越冬期,覆膜处理主要表现出增加土壤温度的作用;在返青期至成熟期,覆膜处理增加土壤温度的作用逐步消失,随之出现降低土壤温度的作用;夏玉米整个生育期内,覆膜处理均表现出较好的增加土壤温度的作用;冬小麦生育期内覆膜积温补偿效应在越冬后期出现一定的作用时间阈值。冬小麦播种~出苗阶段覆膜积温补偿系数平均值为1.08,出苗~越冬期阶段平均值为0.54;夏玉米播种~出苗阶段覆膜积温补偿系数平均值为0.81,出苗~抽雄期阶段平均值为0.63;在作物生长前期,覆膜增加地温加速作物生长的效果较好,覆膜积温补偿效应更明显。在AquaCrop模型中,相比方法一,方法二在冠层覆盖度、地上部生物量、作物产量和土壤贮水量模拟方面均表现出了一定的优势,且其能更好地解释覆膜措施对冬小麦-夏玉米轮作系统作物发育进程的影响。     

砾石覆盖量对夏玉米作物系数及水分利用效率的影响

为评价半湿润易旱地区砾石覆盖对土壤贮水量、作物生长与产量及水分利用效率的影响,利用杨凌地区夏玉米2014年实测数据及气象数据,基于Penman-Monteith公式计算了砾石不同覆盖量下全生育期内参考作物蒸发蒸腾量,并根据FAO推荐的分段单值平均法,计算夏玉米各生育期作物系数,以及砾石不同覆盖量下作物水分利用效率。结果表明:砾石覆盖的保水效果主要体现在作物生长初期,拔节期最大砾石覆盖处理0~200 cm土壤贮水量较对照增大12.8%,后期由于冠层覆盖影响其效果减弱;夏玉米全生育期作物系数与覆盖量呈线性关系;覆盖量越大,不同生育阶段的作物系数也相应增加;叶面积和株高与作物系数有着较好的回归关系,可以对生育期内的玉米蒸散量进行预报;砾石覆盖可以缩短夏玉米生育期的天数,最大可缩短19 d;砾石覆盖能促进作物生长,提高作物产量,且在该试验覆盖量范围内,覆盖量越大,增产增效越明显,随覆盖量增加,各处理分别较对照提高4.65%~38.17%;作物水分利用效率随覆盖量的增大分别较对照提高2.94%~32.99%。     

甘肃省河东地区春玉米干旱演变特征及灾损风险区划

甘肃河东地区为全省春玉米主要种植区,同时也是易发生干旱的地区,基于FAO推荐的Penman-Montith模型以及其提供的作物系数计算了甘肃省河东地区春玉米作物水分亏缺距平指数(CWDI_a),采用甘肃省河东地区54个气象站1961—2017年逐日气象数据以及河东各县(区)春玉米多年产量资料,从干旱的年际变化趋势、干旱空间分布特征以及春玉米干旱灾损风险区划三方面对近57年来河东地区春玉米各生育期干旱演变特征及其灾损风险区划进行了分析。结果表明:受降水的影响,河东地区春玉米生长期各旬需水量、CWDI_a值均呈先增大后减少的趋势,全区CWDI_a值15,表明该区虽为雨养农业区但仍需通过灌溉补给保证作物生长期所需水分。生长季内春玉米水分亏缺的变化幅度:抽雄～开花期拔节期乳熟～成熟期出苗～七叶期。出苗～七叶期水分亏缺程度由南向北呈递减趋势,其他三期水分亏缺程度由南向北呈递增趋势。河东地区春玉米干旱风险具有明显的区域性和差异性,低风险区主要在陇东南部地区,陇南中部、北部、南部地区,甘南高原东北部地区;中风险区主要在陇东中部地区,陇南东南部地区,陇西黄土高原中部地区;较高风险区主要在环县,渭北地区;高风险区主要在黄河以南地区至靖远-榆中区。总体来看,河东春玉米干旱灾损风险区由南向北呈纬向分布,且受积温影响,海拔高于2 500 m的高山区不适于种植春玉米。     

杨凌地区冬小麦-夏玉米水分供需适配性分析

采用1984—2015年气象观测站逐日气温、降水等资料,计算冬小麦-夏玉米各生育期阶段的需水量和有效降水,采用趋势分析及数理统计方法分析近32 a陕西杨凌示范区冬小麦和夏玉米生育期的降水特征,并结合作物需水特征分析其水分供需的适配性。结果表明:冬小麦和夏玉米生育期的有效降水都表现出不稳定性,除个别年份外,大多年份降水不能满足作物的需水要求。冬小麦播种~返青阶段有效降水量仅为18.9 mm,需水量在126.5 mm左右;返青~拔节阶段有效降水13.5 mm,且变异系数达130%,而需水量为81.2 mm;拔节~孕穗阶段有效降水为37.6 mm,但小麦在此阶段需水量达206.6 mm;根据小麦生理需水规律,一般年份在冬前灌水45~50 mm,拔节期灌水50 mm左右,孕穗期视情况而定。夏玉米播种~出苗阶段有效降水变异系数最大,其次是拔节~抽雄阶段,各生育阶段有效降水均表现出不稳定性。出苗~抽雄阶段平均有效降水量为126.8 mm,此阶段玉米需水量为157.2 mm;玉米抽雄~灌浆阶段平均有效降水73.9 mm,而需水量为166.6 mm;根据玉米生理需水规律,一般年份可在夏玉米大喇叭口期灌水50 mm左右,抽雄灌浆期灌水60 mm。     

旱作小麦—玉米地膜带田节水调水效应研究

１９９１～１９９３年旱作小麦－玉米地膜带田，试验研究表明，这项技术有效地利用了降水自然资源，具有明显的节水保墒作用，水分利用率高，比单作增产２０％～８０％。而垅种（小麦）沟盖（玉米）种植型式更优于传统的沟种（小麦）垅盖（玉米）型式，在作物共生期相互调水效应为明显，协调平衡了小麦，玉米主要生育阶段对水分的供需矛盾，水分效益显著，前者比后者可提高产量１０．２％～２３．９％。     

辽宁地区玉米耗水量与产量的关系

为探讨生长季自然降水条件下水分状况对玉米产量的影响,利用锦州2011、2012年和2014年玉米分期播种试验数据和1981—2010年辽宁农业气象历史资料,研究干旱年份水分与玉米产量的定量关系。结果表明:玉米产量和总耗水量间呈二次抛物线的关系(R~2=0.793,F=105,P=0.0001,n=57),当耗水量达到400~600 mm时,玉米能够获得高产;玉米不同生育阶段需水量呈现抽雄~乳熟期拔节~抽雄期出苗~拔节期乳熟~成熟期播种~出苗期的变化规律,各阶段日耗水强度分别为5.75、4.78、2.36、1.84 mm·d~(-1)和1.35 mm·d~(-1)。在分析相对叶面积指数和相对作物系数关系的基础上,提出了作物水分胁迫系数的相对叶面积订正方法,建立了以Jenson模型为基础的玉米水分生产函数模型。     

基于遥感数据的新疆开-孔河流域农业区种植结构提取

农作物种植结构是农作物空间格局的重要组成部分,是区域土地资源和水资源优化配置的基础。以新疆开―孔河流域农业区为研究区域,综合利用作物物候信息和2016年的MODIS NDVI时序曲线,获得不同作物生长差异明显的关键期,选择关键期的Landsat 8 OLI影像,构建主要作物提取知识规则,基于决策树方法开展农作物的分类识别。开―孔河农业区2016年主要作物种植面积为5.07×10^5hm^2,其中棉花种植面积最大,为1.97×10^5hm^2,玉米、小麦次之。博斯腾湖和开都河农业区以辣椒、玉米和小麦为主要作物,种植结构比较零散;孔雀河农业区种植结构比较单一,以棉花和香梨为主要作物。与仅利用时间序列的MODIS数据进行作物分类识别的结果对比表明,综合利用MODIS和Landsat数据的作物识别精度有显著提高,总体分类精度从62.58%提高到88.37%,kappa系数从0.53提高到0.86。该方法综合利用了MODIS数据的时序特征和Landsat数据较高的空间分辨率特征,有效地避免了MODIS数据空间分辨率不足而导致分类精度较差的情况,又避免了Landsat数据时间分辨率不足所引起的时相选择盲目性或数据冗余,在干旱区农业种植结构的提取领域具有一定的应用价值。     

Dermestid beetles in ‘evolution Canyon’, lower Nahal Oren, Mt. Carmel, including new records for Israel

Fifteen species of dermestid beetles were recorded at ‘Evolution Canyon’ (EC), Lower Nahal Oren, Mt. Carmel, Israel. They represent ~35% of known Israeli dermestid species. The following three species were recorded for the first time in Israel:Trogoderma svriaca Dalla Torre, 1911;Ctesias svriaca Ganglbauer, 1904; andAnthrenus (s.str.) jordaniens Pic, 1934. Adults of 13 species were collected on the more solar radiated, warmer and climatically more fluctuating south-facing slope (SFS); ten species were collected on the opposite, north-facing slope (NFS), which was cooler and climatically more stable. The abundance of adult dermestid beetles was 1.9 times higher on the SFS than on the NFS (86 and 47, respectively). Species richness and abundance distribution at EC (three collecting stations on each slope and one at the valley bottom) were significantly negatively correlated with the plant cover that consisted of trees and bushes (Spearmanr _s ,P=0.007 and 0.039, respectively) and perennials (Spearmanr _s ,P=0.039 and 0.077, respectively), indicating that non-woody plants were preferred by adult dermestid beetles.     

Hymenopteran Parasitoids on Fruit-infesting Tephritidae (Diptera) in Latin America and the Southern United States: Diversity, Distribution, Taxonomic Status and their use in Fruit Fly Biological Control

We first discuss the diversity of fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) parasitoids (Hymenoptera) of the Neotropics. Even though the emphasis is on Anastrepha parasitoids, we also review all the information available on parasitoids attacking flies in the genera Ceratitis, Rhagoletis, Rhagoletotrypeta, Toxotrypana and Zonosemata. We center our analysis in parasitoid guilds, parasitoid assemblage size and fly host profiles. We also discuss distribution patterns and the taxonomic status of all known Anastrepha parasitoids. We follow by providing a historical overview of biological control of pestiferous tephritids in Latin American and Florida (U.S.A.) and by analyzing the success or failure of classical and augmentative biological control programs implemented to date in these regions. We also discuss the lack of success of introductions of exotic fruit fly parasitoids in various Latin American countries. We finish by discussing the most pressing needs related to fruit fly biological control (classical, augmentative, and conservation modalities) in areas of the Neotropics where fruit fly populations severely restrict the development of commercial fruit growing. We also address the need for much more intensive research on the bioecology of native fruit fly parasitoids.     

Diagnostics,genetic diversity and pathogenic variation of ascochyta blight of cool season food and feed legumes

Molecular diagnostic techniques have been developed to differentiate the Ascochyta pathogens that infect cool season food and feed legumes, as well as to improve the sensitivity of detecting latent infection in plant tissues. A seed sampling technique was developed to detect a 1% level of infection by Ascochyta rabiei in commercial chickpea seed. The Ascochyta pathogens were shown to be genetically diverse in countries where the pathogen and host have coexisted for a long time. However, where the pathogen was recently introduced, such as A. rabiei to Australia, the level of diversity remained relatively low, even as the pathogen spread to all chickpea-growing areas. Pathogenic variability of A. rabiei and Ascochyta pinodes pathogens in chickpea and field pea respectively, appears to be quantitative, where measures of disease severity were based on aggressiveness (quantitative level of infection) rather than on true qualitative virulence. In contrast, qualitative differences in pathogenicity in lentil and faba bean genotypes indicated the existence of pathotypes of Ascochyta lentis and Ascochyta fabae. Therefore, reports of pathotype discrimination based on quantitative differences in pathogenicity in a set of specific genotypes is questionable for several of the ascochyta-legume pathosystems such as A. rabiei and A. pinodes. This is not surprising since host resistance to these pathogens has been reported to be mainly quantitative, making it difficult for the pathogen to overcome specific resistance genes and form pathotypes. For robust pathogenicity assessment, there needs to be consistency in selection of differential host genotypes, screening conditions and disease evaluation techniques for each of the Ascochyta sp. in legume-growing countries throughout the world. Nevertheless, knowledge of pathotype diversity and aggressiveness within populations is important in the selection of resistant genotypes.     

Epidemiology of Toxigenic Fungi and their Associated Mycotoxins for Some Mediterranean Crops

Recent data on the epidemiology of the common mycotoxigenic species of Fusarium, Alternaria, Aspergillus and Penicillium in infected or colonized plants, and in stored or processed plant products from the Mediterranean area are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on the toxigenicity of the causal fungal species and the natural occurrence of well known mycotoxins (aflatoxins, ochratoxins, fumonisins, trichothecenes, zearalenone, patulin, Alternaria-toxins and moniliformin), as well as some more recently described compounds (fusaproliferin, beauvericin) whose toxigenic potential is not yet well understood. Several Fusarium species reported from throughout the Mediterranean area are responsible of the formation of mycotoxins in infected plants and in plant products, including: Fusarium graminearum, F. culmorum, F. cerealis, F. avenaceum, F. sporotrichioides and F. poae, which produce deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, fusarenone, zearalenone, moniliformin, and T-2 toxin derivatives in wheat and other small grains affected by head blight or scab, and in maize affected by red ear rot. Moreover, strains of F. verticillioides, F. proliferatum, and F. subglutinans, that form fumonisins, beauvericin, fusaproliferin, and moniliformin, are commonly associated with maize affected by ear rot. Fumonisins, were also associated with Fusarium crown and root rot of asparagus and Fusarium endosepsis of figs, caused primarily by F. proliferatum. Toxigenic A. alternata strains and associated tenuazonic acid and alternariols were commonly found in black mould of tomato, black rot of olive and citrus, black point of small cereals, and black mould of several vegetables. Toxigenic strains of A. carbonarius and ochratoxin A were often found associated with black rot of grapes, whereas toxigenic strains of A. flavus and/or P. verrucosum, forming aflatoxins and ochratoxin A, respectively, were found in moulded plant products from small cereals, peanuts, figs, pea, oilseed rape, sunflower seeds, sesame seeds, pistachios, and almonds. Finally, toxigenic strains of P. expansum and patulin were frequently found in apple, pear and other fresh fruits affected by blue mould rot, as well as in derived juices and jams.     

Brief Guide for Authors

正Journal of Arid Land(JAL)is an international journal(ISSN 1674-6767;CN 65-1278/K)for the natural sciences,sponsored by the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Science Press.It is published by Science Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg bimonthly.JAL publishes original,innovative,and integrative research from arid and semiarid regions,ad     

The parasitoid complex ofLiriomyza cicerina on chickpea (Cicer arietinum)

Liriomyza cicerina (Diptera: Agromyzidae) is an important pest on chickpea in Turkey. The objective of this study was to determine the parasitoids and rates of parasitism ofL. cicerina on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) during the 2005 and 2006 seasons in ?anl?urfa province, Turkey. Leaves with mines were sampled weekly and kept in the laboratory to observe and count emerging leafminer and parasitoid adults. Eight parasitoid species were collected: the braconidsOpius monilicornis Fischer andOpius tersus Foerster and the eulophidsDiaulinopsis arenaria (Erdös) andNeochrysocharis formosa (Westwood), which occurred in both the winter and summer seasons;Diglyphus crassinervis Erdös,Neochrysocharis ambitiosa Hansson,Neochrysocharis sericea (Erdös) andPediobius metallicus (Nees), which occurred only in the summer growing areas.Diaulinopsis arenaria was the predominant parasitoid with 4–7.7% parasitism rate whileN. ambitiosa andO. monilicornis were the second and third most predominant species. The results of these trials show that sinceDia. arenaria occurred throughout every season, it could potentially be used for control of the leafminerL. cicerina.     

Plant–herbivore asynchrony necessitates augmentative releases of the exotic beetle,Zygogramma bicolorata,to enhance the biological control of P arthenium hysterophorus

Systematic information on the quantitative impact of Z ygogramma bicolorata on the biology of P arthenium hysterophorus is crucial as the seeds of this weed continue to germinate from the accumulated soil seed bank throughout the year in the form of different germinating flushes, while the activity of the beetle ceases during winter as it enters diapause. Therefore, plant–herbivore interactions need to be explored to develop predictions of the overall impact of the introduced beetle on the weed. The findings revealed that defoliation by Z . bicolorata had a significant impact on the plant height, density and flower production in flushes F ₃, F ₄ and F ₅, but not in F ₁ and F ₂ that exhibited longer periodicity, profuse branching, a longer flowering period and maximum flower production and contributed mostly to the existing seed soil bank. Therefore, total depletion of the existing soil seed bank was not possible. Consequently, the effect of augmentative field releases of laboratory‐reared beetles was explored on F ₁ and F ₂ in February for three consecutive years (2011–2013). Before initiating the trial, random soil samples were taken from the plots that were assigned to the paired treatments (i.e. with the beetle and without the beetle [insecticide‐treated]) and it was found that the seed bank in those samples did not differ. The single release of Z . bicolorata adults at five per plant at the six‐leaf stage significantly reduced the soil seed bank, compared to without the biocontrol agent, irrespective of the flushes at the end of the season.     

The use of Solacol® (validamycin) as a growth retardant in the isolation of soil fungi

Solacol^®, a formulation of the antibiotic validamycin, at 0.33% in 2% malt extract agar, reduced the spread of fungi on dilution plates drastically and allowed twice as much incubation time before subculturing; this resulted in an elevated number of species isolated. Using pure cultures of 62 common soil fungi, it was shown that all fast-growing species (exceptPythium ultimum) were efficiently inhibited but not completely suppressed. Inhibition was comparable to that by 0.5% oxgall, though, while this substance completely suppressed several species, Solacol very strongly inhibited onlyGaeumannomyces graminis, Gerlachia nivalis, Harzia acremonioides, Verticillium biguttatum andRhizoctonia solani. In a further experiment each separate constituent of Solacol was tested against 22 fungi at equivalent concentrations. Validamycin strongly inhibitedChaetomium globosum and two Basidiomycetes, though hardly more than the non-ionic detergent which mainly inhibited the other fungi. A few species were, however, more inhibited by Solacol than by the detergent alone. Solacol at 0.33% is a suitable aid in dilution plating of soil fungi, by increasing the number of colonies and species observed.Samenvatting Solacol^®, een formulering van het antibioticum validamycine, remde de groei van schimmels in verdunningsplaten met een concentratie van 0.33% in 2% moutagar en maakte het mogelijk de periode tot afenten met een factor 2 te verlengen; daardoor was het aantal geïsoleerde soorten duidelijk toegenomen. Met reincultures van 62 algemene grondschimmelsoorten werd aangetoond, dat alle snelgroeiende soorten (met uitzondering vanPythium ultimum) voldoende geremd, maar niet volkomen onderdrukt werden. Het remmingspercentage was vergelijkbaar met dat van 0.5% ossegal, hoewel dit laatste sommige soorten volkomen onderdrukte; Solacol remde alleenGaeumannomyces graminis, Gerlachia nivalis, Harzia acremonioides, Verticillium biguttatum enRhizoctonia solani zeer sterk. In een volgend experiment werden de componenten van Solacol t.o.v. 22 fungi apart getoetst in concentraties equivalent aan 0.33% Solacol. Validamycine remde alleenChaetomium globosum en twee basidiomyceten behoorlijk, maar nauwelijks meer dan de niet-ionische uitvloeier, die in hoofdzaak de overige remeffecten veroorzaakte. Enkele soorten werden echter door het complete Solacol veel sterker geremd dan door de uitvloeier alleen. Solacol in een verdunning van 0,33% wordt aanbevolen bij verdunningsplaten voor het isoleren van grondschimmels ten einde het aantal kolonies en soorten te verhogen.     

Broad bean mottle virus in Morocco; curculionid vectors,and natural occurrence in food legumes other than faba bean (Vicia faba)

Broad bean mottle virus (BBMV) was transmitted from infected to healthy faba-bean plants by the curculionid weevilsApion radiolus Kirby,Hypera variabilis Herbst,Pachytychius strumarius Gyll,Smicronyx cyaneus Gyll, andSitona lineatus L. The latter appeared to be an efficient vector: acquisition and inoculation occurred at the first bite, the rate of transmission was c. 41%, and virus retention lasted for at least seven days.S. lineatus transmitted the virus from faba bean to lentil and pea, but not to the three genotypes of chickpea tested. This is the first report on the generaHypera, Pachytychius, andSmicronyx as virus vectors, and onA. radiolus, H. variabilis, P. strumarius, andS. cyaneus as vectors of BBMV.Out of 351 samples of food legumes with symptoms suggestive of virus infection, 16, 11, 19, and 17% of the samples of chickpea, lentil, pea, and common bean, respectively, were found infected when tested for BBMV in DAS-ELISA. This is the first report on the natural occurrence of BBMV in chickpea, lentil, pea, and common bean. The virus should be regarded as a food-legume virus rather than a faba-bean virus solely, and is considered an actual threat to food legume improvement programmes.