对虾皮下及造血组织坏死杆状病毒单克隆抗体的研制

用经密度梯度离心纯化的对虾皮下及造血组织坏死杆状病毒（ＨＨＮＢＶ—９３７）注射Ｂａｌｂ／ｃ小鼠，取其免疫后的脾细胞与ｓｐ２／０骨髓瘤细胞进行融合。经筛选与克隆，获得７株抗ＨＨＮＢＶ的单克隆杂交瘤细胞株。其中Ｆ９株的染色体数为８７，ＥＬＩＳＡ测定培养上清中单抗滴度为１∶８，腹水为１∶１０００。患有杆状病毒的皮下及造血组织坏死症的对虾组织切片的单抗酶联免疫染色，表明Ｆ９株单抗只与ＨＨＮＢＶ病灶发生特异性结合，与对虾组织结构不发生特异性反应。将其用于现场样品的检测研究表明，该抗体适于用来进行对虾暴发性流行病的病原检测。     

斑节对虾（Penaeus monodon）暴发性病害的病原超微结构观察

斑节对虾（Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｍｏｎｏｄｏｎ）暴发性病害的病原超微结构观察ＳＵＰＥＲＭＩＣＲＯＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＯＢＳＥＲＶＡＴＩＯＮＯＮＰＡＴＨＯＧＥＮＯＦＥＸＰＬＯＳＩＶＥＤＩＳＥＡＳＥＯＦＢＬＡＣＫＴＩＧＥＲ（ＰＥＵＡＥＵＳＭＯＮＯＤＯＮ）邓国成李焕...     

不同家系的万氏对虾对对虾杆状病毒抗病力的差异

不同家系的万氏对虾对对虾杆状病毒抗病力的差异郑国兴（东海水产研究所，上海２０００９０）关键词对虾杆状病毒，万氏对虾，抗毒力，家系ＤＩＦＦＥＲＥＮＣＥＩＮＲＥＳＩＳＴＡＮＣＥＴＯＥＸＰＥＲＩＭＥＮＴＡＬＩＮＦＥＣＴＩＯＮＳＷＩＴＨＢＡＣＵＬＯＶＩＲＵＳ...     

用于PCR检测对虾皮下及造血组织坏死杆状病毒(HHNBV)的一种快速提取DNA方法

使用采样液ＳＥＭＰ－Ｔｒｉｓ保存人工感染ＨＨＮＢＶ（ＷＳＳＶ的一个分离株）的中国对虾组织，然后分别用酚抽提法、玻璃乳（Ｇｌａｓｓ Ｍｉｌｋ）回收法、硝酸纤维素膜结合法和煮沸－乙醇沉淀法提取ＤＮＡ。应用ＨＨＮＢＶ引物对提取的ＤＮＡ进行ＰＣＲ扩增，使用琼脂糖凝胶电泳对扩增产物进行鉴定和检测。通过比较表明，煮沸－乙醇沉淀法是一种最快速、简便的从采样液ＳＥＭＰ－Ｔｒｉｓ保存的病虾组织中制备ＰＣＲ模板的方法     

抗病毒药物防治对虾暴发性流行病试验

抗病毒药物防治对虾暴发性流行病试验ＴＨＥＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＡＮＡＮＴＩＶＩＲＵＳＤＲＵＧＯＮＰＲＥＶＥＮＴＩＮＧＡＮＤＣＵＲＩＮＧＳＨＲＩＭＰＥＸＰＬＯＳＩＶＥＥＰＩＤＥＭＩＣＤＩＳＥＡＳＥ李健，孙修涛，刘萍，麻次松，王秀华（中国水产科学研究院黄海水产...     

INGESTIONANDEXCRETIONOFSEVERALANTIBACTERIALDRUGSBYTHEBRINESHRIMP（ARTEMIAPARTHENOGENETICA）1．TOXICITYT

ＩＮＧＥＳＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＥＸＣＲＥＴＩＯＮＯＦＳＥＶＥＲＡＬＡＮＴＩＢＡＣＴＥＲＩＡＬＤＲＵＧＳＢＹＴＨＥＢＲＩＮＥＳＨＲＩＭＰ（ＡＲＴＥＭＩＡＰＡＲＴＨＥＮＯＧＥＮＥＴＩＣＡ）１．ＴＯＸＩＣＩＴＹＴＯＡＲＴＥＭＩＡ，ＩＮＧＥＳＴＩＯＮＡＮＤＥＸＣＲ...     

对虾暴发性白斑病毒病综述

到目前为止，国内虾病工作者 达成了基本的共识，即造成对虾暴 发性流行病的病原体是一种无包　涵体病毒。但由于不同学者研究方 法及侧重点不同，对此病毒的叫法 不一、分别为：“白斑杆状病毒 （Ｗｈｉｔｅ　ｓｐｏｔ　ｂａｃｕｌｏｖｉｔｕｓ，ＷＳＢＶ）” “皮下造血组织坏死杆状病毒 （Ｈｙｐｏｄｅｒｍａｌ　ａｎｄ　Ｈｅｍａｔｏｐｏｉｔｅｔｉｃ Ｎｅｃｒｏｓｉｓ　Ｂａｃｕｌｏｖｉｒｕｓ，　ＨＨＮＢＶ）” “对虾白斑综合病（ｗｈｉｔｅ　ｓｐｏｔ ｓｙｎｄｒｏｍｅ　ｖｉｒｕｓ　ＷＳＳＶ）”、“对虾 杆状ＤＮＡ病毒（ＰＲＤ…     

鄱阳湖渔区的团头鲂胚胎发育观察

鄱阳湖渔区的团头鲂胚胎发育观察ＯＲＳＥＲＶＡＴＩＯＮＳＯＮＴＨＥＥＭＢＲＹＯＮＩＣＤＥＶＥＬＯＰＭＥＮＴＯＦＭＥＧＡＬＯＢＲＡＭＡＡＭＢＬＹＣＥＰＨＡＬＡＩＮＴＨＥＦＩＳＨＩＮＧＡＲＥＡＳＯＦＰＯＹＡＮＧＬＡＫＥ虞鹏程张丰旺（南昌大学生物科学工程系，...     

罗氏沼虾幼体及成虾消化酶活性

罗氏沼虾幼体及成虾消化酶活性魏华，赵维信（上海水产大学，上海２０００９０）关键词罗氏沼虾，幼体，消化酶ＴＨＥＡＣＴＩＶＩＴＩＥＳＯＦＤＩＧＥＳＴＩＶＥＥＮＺＹＭＥＳＯＦＬＡＲＶＡＥＡＮＤＡＤＵＬＴＩＮＭＡＣＲＯＢＲＡＣＨＩＵＭＲＯＳＥＮＢＥＲＧＩＩ￥...     

大口黑鲈仔、稚鱼生长和食性的观察

大口黑鲈仔、稚鱼生长和食性的观察陆伟民（上海水产大学，２０００９０）关键词大口黑鲈，仔、稚鱼，生长，食性ＯＢＳＥＲＶＡＴＩＯＮＯＮＧＲＯＷＴＨＡＮＤＦＥＥＤＩＮＧＨＡＢＩＴＳＯＦＬＡＲＧＥＭＯＵＴＨＢＡＳＳ，ＭＩＣＲＯＲＴＥＲＵＳＳＡＬＭＯＩＤＥＳ，...     

温度与盐度和缢蛏幼体生存、生长及发育的关系

本文以长期生活在较高盐度(26—28‰)海域的亲蛏所繁衍的幼体为材料,探索温度和盐度单因子及双因子结合与幼体生存生长、发育的相互关系。浮游幼虫期适盐范围为8.4—32.4‰,最适盐度为12.4‰,稚贝适盐范围为8.4—28.4‰,最佳盐度为12.4‰。温度对幼体的影响,是受盐度高低所支配。在盐度为28.4‰生境中培育,浮游幼虫期适温范围为17—25℃,最适温度为21℃,稚贝适温范围为13—25℃,最适温度为17℃,幼体对25℃以上的较高温度的忍耐力较差。若在最适盐度(12.4‰)中培育,浮游幼虫期最适水温为25℃,稚贝最适水温为21℃。幼虫对较高盐度的忍耐力比对较低盐度的忍耐力来得强。     

鱼虾需要的脂肪酸、胆固醇和磷脂

脂类的脂肪酸,类脂质的胆固醇和磷脂,有的可由鱼虾机体生物合成,有的则不能或合成量远远达不到不能满足鱼虾在发育生长阶段的需要。由此而产生的缺乏症,严重影响幼龄期鱼虾的生存和生长。改善鱼虾对脂肪酸、胆固醇和磷脂的需求,是用提高外源性营养水平的办法。因此,认识脂肪酸、胆固醇和磷脂在鱼虾生命活动中的生理功能、缺乏症和需要量,对制定鱼虾的饲料标准和提高鱼虾的生存率、生长率都有十分重要的意义。     

MATURATION,REPRODUCTION, AND GROWTH OF Penaeus vannamei AND P. stylirostris FED NATURAL DIETS

A variety of natural foods have been reported to induce ovarian maturation of penaeid shrimp. In this study, conducted from 19 June to 11 September 1980, four single-food diets (clams, shrimp, squid, and worms) and one composite diet consisting of all four foods were fed to Penaeus vannamei in 3.7-m diameter indoor circular tanks. The shrimp, averaging 28 g, were stocked at a rate of 6.9 m^-2 with a 1:1 male to female ratio. Unilateral eyestalk ablation was performed on half of the females in each tank. Tanks received one turnover of water volume daily and the water temperature and salinity averaged 27.0°C and 28.6 ppt, respectively. Daily photoperiod was maintained at 13 hours of light. Ovarian maturation, spawning, molting rate, and survival were monitored daily and growth and gonad size were measured at termination. The composite diet was the best overall diet, while squid was the best single-food diet, followed by shrimp, worms, and clams. No maturation of unablated females was observed with the exception of one female that developed to stage 3. Although the size of the shrimp was considered marginal for spawning, 5 mated females were observed, but only one (squid treatment) produced viable nauplii. After termination of this study, all shrimp were fed the composite diet for 41 days. During this period, ovarian maturation and spawning occurred in the previously unproductive treatment receiving only clams, and growth rate of shrimp in all previously single-food treatments increased 4 to 7 fold. The composite diet was also fed to two tanks of P. stylirostris (mean initial weight = 45.4 g) for a period of 118 days. During that time, 50 spawns were obtained with up to 3 spawns per female. A total of 4.3 × 10⁵ P. stylirostris nauplii were produced.     

海水比重、温度和底质对青蛤稚贝生长、存活的影响

本文阐述了海水比重、温度和底质对青蛤稚贝生长和存活率的影响。青蛤稚贝在1.010～1.025比重范围内,生活正常,比重越高,生长越快;超过1.025,比重越高,生长变慢,存活率降低。青蛤适宜生长和存活的温度范围为10～33℃,在此范围内,温度越高,生长越快,存活率也就越高;超过33℃时,生长变慢,存活率降低。青蛤稚贝适宜底质为砂质和细砂质,纯泥质不适青蛤稚贝生长。     

光照对黄盖鲽仔鱼生长_发育及摄食的影响

光照对黄盖鲽仔鱼的生长、发育及摄食有显著影响,各组仔鱼的体长与体高在２０日时均产生极显著的差异;Ｄｕｎｃａｎ多范围检验表明：４０－６０ｌｘ光照度下仔鱼生长最好;在４０－７０００ｌｘ范围内随光照度的增强,生长则变差,存活率下降,畸形个体增加,暗条件下及３－６ｌｘ条件下的仔鱼在１２日龄时全部因饥饰物而死亡。在卵黄囊期的各组仔鱼不受外界环境影响,生长情况近似。４０－７０００ｌｘ光照度之间的５且在４日龄至     

THE EFFECTS OF EDTA (ETHYLENEDINITROTETRAACETIC ACID) ON THE SURVIVAL AND DEVELOPMENT OF SHRIMP NAUPLII (Penaeus stylirostris STIMPSON) AND THE INTERACTIONS OF EDTA WITH THE TOXICITIES OF CADMIUM,CALCIUM, AND PHENOL

To examine the hypothesis that EDTA increases hatching rates and survival of penaeid shrimp larvae by decreasing the toxicities of heavy metals through chelation, the toxicity of cadmium, a highly toxic metal, was compared to the toxicities of calcium and phenol in both the presence and absence of EDTA. In addition, the toxicity of EDTA at higher concentrations was examined. The toxicities of EDTA, cadmium, calcium, and phenol were evaluated in terms of the percentage of nauplii surviving after 24 hours of exposure and the percentage of nauplii which metamorphosed to protozoea. The toxicities of cadmium, calcium, and phenol were also determined in the presence of EDTA. EDTA concentrations of 1.34 mM were lethal to nauplii. At 0.67 mM, EDTA reduced the percentage of nauplii which metamorphosed to protozoea but below 0.3 mM neither survival nor metamorphosis were affected. Cadmium, phenol, and calcium were lethal to nauplii at concentrations of 20 μM, 7 mM, and 400 mM, respectively. Metamorphosis was blocked by concentrations of 1 μM, 0.9 mM, and 200 mM, respectively. However, in the presence of 0.3 mM EDTA, the toxicities of cadmium and calcium were reduced. Cadmium concentrations of 20 μM did not affect either survival or metamorphosis in the presence of EDTA. In calcium concentrations of 50 and 100 mM, the percentage of nauplii that metamorphosed to protozoea was increased by the addition of EDTA. The interaction of EDTA and phenol toxicity was not significant.     

盐度对大型溞同化、代谢、增长及碳收支的影响↑（*）

在２０℃，饲以小球藻的条件下，用原子示踪方法，研究了山西运城寡盐水体和吉林镇贲淡水鱼池两个大型（Ｄａｐｈｎｉａｍａｇｎａ）种群的幼和成在１～７的盐幅内的同化、代谢、增长和碳收支。当盐度从１升到３时，山西和吉林成的同化速率达到高峰，吉林幼在２时达高峰。而代谢速率则都在２时最低，３时最高。山西的增长速率以３时最高，吉林则以２时最高。同时分析比较了不同盐度下两个种群的能量学参数，表明在一定范围内盐度对大型的能量利用效率有促进作用。     

长江口花鲈的生长和食性

花鲈为沿海及河口的经济鱼类，亦可溯河生活于淡水。在长江口水域，花鲈属中型鱼类，其体长和体重的相关关系式为：Ｗ＝０．０６０５Ｌ＾２．６３４６（ｒ＝０．９８７８），生长方程为：Ｌｔ＝１００．９９５７［１－ｅ＾０．１７６８（ｔ＋０．７６３３）］，Ｗｔ＝１１５４２．２６［１－ｅ＾－１７６８（ｔ＋０．７６３３）］＾２．６３４６，体重生长拐点ｔｒ＝４．７龄，拐点处体重为３２８１．４克。早期幼鱼以浮游动物为食，     

对虾养殖池沉积环境中TOC_TP_TN和pH垂直分布

１９９５年冬季,测定了青岛地区四个池龄１０年以上的对虾养殖池不同层次沉积物中有机碳（ＴＯＣ）、总氮（ＴＮ）、总磷（ＴＰ）和ｐＨ并研究了其垂直分布。结果表明,沉积物中的ＴＯＣ和ＴＮ污染较底层严重,泥质虾池表层污染较泥沙质更严重。沉积物中ＴＰ为输出过程而导致缺乏,ＴＰ的受扰动层与ＴＯＣ和ＴＮ的污染层基本一致。沉积物的ｐＨ无规律性变化。     

鱿鱼鱼精蛋白的提取_纯化及其生化特性

鱼精蛋白（Ｐｒｏｔａｍｉｎｅ）是一种常与ＤＮＡ结合,存在于鱼类成熟精巢中的碱性蛋白。由于其生化组成的特点,鱼精蛋白不仅具有促使细胞发育繁殖的作用,而且一旦将其分离出来,能有效抑制多种食品腐败菌的生长和繁殖［Ｍｉｌｅｒ１９４２］。同时,这种鱼精蛋白还有...