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以史氏鲟鱼软骨为原料,按碱提-酶解-乙醇沉淀工艺流程进行提取硫酸软骨素的各主要工序工艺的研究.通过单因素试验及正交试验,得出最佳碱提工艺为以两倍量6%的NaOH为溶剂,于40℃的水浴中搅拌提取4 h.通过正交试验,得出最佳酶解工艺条件是先将浸提液调节pH至8.6,加入胰酶0.5%,50℃保温水解3 h;后降温至40℃,调pH至5.7,加入胃蛋白酶0.3%,保温水解2h.通过单因素试验,得出最佳的乙醇沉淀工艺条件是将滤液pH调为6.5,加入95%的乙醇至醇沉浓度为70%,静置过夜.制备的硫酸软骨素经检测符合WS1-C3-0030-2000(硫酸软骨素口服片)和WS-10001-(HD-0892)-2002(硫酸软骨素注射品)标准的要求. 相似文献
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以牦牛软骨为原料,采用先高温蒸煮,后加稀碱与酶解相结合的方法提取硫酸软骨素。影响提取效果的因素主要有碱液浓度、碱提温度、碱提时间等,试验采用三因素三水平正交试验设计,对硫酸软骨素提取过程中碱液的影响进行研究,试验结果表明:碱液浓度5%,碱提取温度40℃,碱提取时间6h为牦牛硫酸软骨素提取的最佳碱液提取工艺参数,出品率可达10.03%,有效成分含量达91.67%。 相似文献
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采用电渗析法对盐沉后的海带酶解液中岩藻聚糖硫酸酯进行分离,探索工业化分离生产岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的方法,以解决目前乙醇沉淀法存在的安全性和高成本等问题。以脱盐率、糖保留率为检测指标,采用响应面法优化了电渗析工艺参数。结果显示,在操作电压80 V、料液流量3.2 L/min、固形物浓度10 mg/ml、p H=5的条件下,电渗析连续循环3次,海带酶液解干基中多糖含量由40.17%提高至47.11%,硫酸根含量由3.36%提高至4.97%。电渗析后海带酶解液干基中的金属离子含量为Ca 0.13 mg/g、Mg 16.04μg/g、Cu 0.29μg/g、Se 11.7μg/g、Cr 8.06μg/g,Pb未检出,较电渗析前均有降低。电渗析对脱除褐藻胶的海带酶解液进行脱盐纯化处理,可有效地分离纯化出岩藻聚糖硫酸酯。 相似文献
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贻贝粉酶解液中系统提取分离氨基酸 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文报道了以脱脂贻贝粉为原料,采用酶解法从其酶解液中分离,提取及纯化复合氨基酸和六种单一氨基酸的工艺。确定了贻贝粉以胃蛋白酶、枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶联合的酶解工艺,采用超滤方法去除酶解液中未水解的蛋白质等大分子物质及进行脱色处理。将超滤液通过701#[CO=]型碱性阴离子交换树脂及[H+]型1×25强酸性阳离子交换树脂脱盐,得到的脱盐液经真空浓缩、结晶、洗涤和烘干得复合氨基酸粉末,得率为20%左右(相对子贻贝粉,w/w,下同)。将超滤液通过活性炭柱吸附苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸,再用洗脱液洗下,经浓缩、结晶、洗涤和烘干得单一氨基酸成品,L-苯丙氨酸得率为2.45%,L-酪氨酸得率为1.21%。活性炭柱的通过液经732强酸性阳离子交换树脂柱及717强碱性阴离子交换树脂柱组吸附、分离、洗脱得纯 L-精氨酸组分、纯 L-谷氨酸组分、L-亮氨酸及L-缬氨酸组分。再经赶氨、浓缩、结晶、洗涤和烘干得成品,得率分别为3.01%、1.02%、1. 46%及 1. 34%。单一纯化的氨基酸产品,经氨基酸自动分析仪定性、定量测定及红外光谱分析和通过自动指示旋光仪测定其比旋度进行鉴定,证实确为本物质。复合氨基酸产品中游离氨基酸含量为90. 相似文献
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Kai-Lun Hu Lan-Yi Zhang Li Su Wen-Gang Jin Jing Liu Ting Zhou 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2017,26(5):516-526
An effective method to remove cadmium (Cd) from scallop by-product enzymatic hydrolysate (SBEH) was developed, and the Cd bonding sites were studied. Cation-exchange resin, anion-exchange resin, activated charcoal, and zeolite were tested. The result showed that strong acid polystyrene cation-exchange resin was the most suitable sorption material for the removal of Cd. The optimal conditions were as follows: SBEH concentration at 17.07 mg/mL, pH value at 4.92, and adsorption time with 11.73 min, while 4 g resin was added in 50 mL solution at 30°C. The experimentally measured removal rate was 95.38% under these conditions. The Cd element has an intense bonding pattern with macromolecules, and more than half of the Cd element exists as positively charged ion in the SBEH. The cation-exchange resin removed Cd by dumping the macromolecules associated with the Cd element. Infrared (IR) spectra suggested that the sulfate ester groups and carboxyl groups in the macromolecules were binding sites of the Cd element in SBEH. These results provide a useful method for Cd removal from SBEH that potentially can be used for industrial processing. 相似文献
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扇贝裙边富含蛋白质、脂质等营养成分。为了高值化利用扇贝裙边,本研究选用中性蛋白酶、动物蛋白酶、风味蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶和酸性蛋白酶5种酶,以酶解液中游离氨基酸态氮为考察指标,对扇贝裙边进行酶解工艺条件探讨。首先,将5种酶制成复合蛋白酶进行正交实验,确定最佳酶解时间、温度、pH及加酶量,经检验,氨基酸转化率为77%;然后,通过实验确定CaCl2为最适钙源,以贝壳为原料,通过水飞法和酸法转化可制得贝壳源CaCl2。将扇贝裙边酶解液中复合氨基酸与来源于贝壳的钙螯合制备复合氨基酸螯合钙,以正交实验筛选出最佳螯合条件。经检验,该螯合反应螯合率达92%。 相似文献
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Edward Pfeiler 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,12(2):143-148
Undersulfated chondroitin sulfate (i.e., chondroitin sulfate with sulfate: hexosamine molar ratios ranging from 0.06–0.17) has been identified as a principal glycosaminoglycan
(GAG) in whole-body extracts of leptocephalous larvae of four species of marine teleost fishes, representing two orders and
three families. These include the eels (Anguilliformes)Ariosoma balearicum (Congridae),Rhechias dubia (Congridae) and Ophichthus sp. (Ophichthidae) and the ladyfish (Elopiformes: Elopidae: Elops saurus). A second GAG found in relatively large amounts in A. balearicum has been identified as chondroitin. Chondroitin and undersulfated chondroitin sulfate formed distinctive precipitates during
extraction and were easily separated. Undersulfated chondroitin sulfate also was extracted and purified from early metamorphosing
bonefish (Albuliformes: Albulidae: Albula sp.) leptocephali, where it is a minor GAG component, and was shown to be similar in composition to the compounds obtained
from eels and ladyfish. 相似文献
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Knut O. Strætkvern Arnt J. Raae Bernt T. Walther 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1990,8(6):529-539
A deoxyribonuclease (DNase) of pancreatic origin has been purified from extracts of the pyloric caeca from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.). The crude extract was prepared by mincing frozen caeca tissue in equal volumes of buffer. The enzyme was isolated from
the supernatant after streptomycin sulfate precipitation and centrifugation. The purification scheme further included chromatography
on Q-Sepharose Fast Flow and hydroxyapatite columns. Affinity adsorption chromatography of the hydroxyapatite fraction on
8-(6-aminohexyl)-amino-5′-AMP-Sepharose, revealed an apparently homogeneous protein with molecular weight of 35,000 Da as
judged by NaDodSO4-PAGE. In sum a 644-fold enzymatic enrichment and 3.5% total enzyme recovery was achieved. The cod enzyme resembles DNase
I-type enzymes with an alkaline pH activity optimum and shows dependency for Mg2+. The pI of the enzyme is 6.5 as determined by isoelectric focusing and DNase-zymography. Our findings suggest that the nuclease
is a member of the cod's digestive enzymes secreted from the connective tissue surrounding the caeca. 相似文献
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以卵形鲳鲹(Trachinotus ovatus)鱼肉为原材料,以酶解产物与胆酸盐的体外结合率为指标,从5种常用食品用蛋白酶中筛选最优蛋白酶。进而采用正交法优化酶解条件,以提高酶解产物的胆酸盐结合率,并采用GPC法分析产物中蛋白肽的分子量分布情况。结果表明,胰蛋白酶酶解产物(100 mg·m L~(-1))与胆酸钠、甘氨胆酸钠和牛磺胆酸钠等3种胆酸盐的体外结合能力均好于其他4种蛋白酶,结合率分别达到42.1%、33.5%和30.1%,分别相当于降血脂药物考来烯胺散(20 mg·m L~(-1))的78.3%、74.4%和76.8%;经过正交试验优化的制备卵形鲳鲹蛋白肽的工艺条件为酶解时间2 h,加酶量2 000 U·g~(-1),料液比1∶4(g·m L~(-1)、p H 8、37℃)。该条件下酶解产物(20 mg·m L~(-1))对甘氨胆酸钠体外结合率达到同浓度阳性对照物(考来烯胺散)的48.3%,酶解产物中相对分子量3 k D以下的肽类组分占总蛋白水解物的77.30%。 相似文献
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Rasa Šližytė Margareth Opheim Ivar Storrø Hallgeir Sterten 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2017,26(5):604-619
Rest raw materials as viscera, heads, and frames from farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) were hydrolyzed with the use of endogenous enzymes and the commercial enzymes Protamex and a mixture of Papain and Bromelain. Composition of the prehydrolysis mixture clearly influenced the quality of final hydrolysate and process kinetics. An increased proportion of viscera increased the amount of endogenous enzymes, which influenced hydrolysis kinetics, the extent of hydrolysis, and increased bitterness. Commercial enzymes, in addition to endogenous enzymes, are not always more yield efficient or economically beneficial but can be used to improve the taste and to ease the separation of oil from the hydrolysate fraction. Hydrolysis of denatured proteins in rest raw materials was hardly detectable. Optimum temperature should therefore be selected to avoid protein denaturation and simultaneously maintain high enzymatic activity. Hydrolysates preferably contain a low concentration of oil, and this work shows that high-quality oil can be separated before hydrolysis by mild thermal treatment. The previous separation of oil did not influence hydrolysate yield and decreased the concentration of lipids in the final hydrolysate. The initial separation of oil also increased productivity of the hydrolysis reactor, due to the reduction of hydrolysis volume. 相似文献
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Sami Saidi Marie-Pierre Belleville André Deratani Raja Ben Amar 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(2):251-264
ABSTRACTA protein hydrolysate was prepared from proteins of tuna dark muscle by-product. The hydrolysis conditions (time, temperature, pH, and enzyme concentration) using Alcalase was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). The regression coefficient close to 1.0, observed during experimental and validation runs, indicated the validity of the model. The hydrolysate produced under the optimum conditions determined by RSM has a low rate of peptide fraction of molecular weight of 4–1 kDa. Meanwhile, the results obtained by hydrolysis under optimal conditions determined by a complementary study (temperature 55°C, time 60 min, 1% enzyme concentration, and pH 8.5) show that the hydrolysate produced has a height rate of the peptide fraction of molecular weight of 4–1 kDa. The amino acid composition of the protein hydrolysate prepared proved to have the potential for application as an ingredient in balanced fish diets and as a source of nitrogen in microbial growth media. 相似文献
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pH和色谱柱对日本鳗鲡肝脏抗菌肽分离纯化效果的影响及抗菌活性检测 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
为了能够快捷地分离纯化出单一的抗菌肽,实验采用不同pH值(离子交换流动相pH3.0、4.0、5.0;反相液相层析流动相pH 2.0、4.5、7.0)缓冲液,不同色谱柱(离子交换和凝胶过滤层析柱分别与反相液相层析柱)联用对日本鳗鲡肝脏抗菌肽分离纯化效果进行了比较,并分析了琼脂板扩散法和微孔液体培养法检测抗菌活性的优缺点.结果显示:pH 4.0缓冲液为最佳离子交换流动相,蛋白提取率为16.43%,得到2个洗脱峰;反相液相层析3种pH缓冲液分离效果均不理想,凝胶过滤层析柱与反相液相层析柱联用能明显改善日本鳗鲡肝脏抗菌肽分离纯化效果,洗脱峰数量较多,峰形单一且尖锐狭窄,基线平而低.琼脂板扩散法检测抗菌活性操作简单,实验结果直观,但所需蛋白量较多,可用于蛋白粗提物抗菌活性的检测;微孔液体培养法检测抗菌活性灵敏,所需蛋白较少,可用于后期色谱分离纯化蛋白抗菌活性的检测. 相似文献