黑水河红尾副鳅时空分布特征及其最适生境条件

为了解黑水河红尾副鳅(Paracobitis variegates)时空分布特征与最适生境,分别于2018年11月、2019年1月、2019年3月、2019年5月和2019年8月调查了黑水河中下游流域23个点位的红尾副鳅资源现状和相关环境因子,使用广义可加模型(GAM)筛选影响资源密度(CPUE)分布的主要环境因子并确定最适条件范围。结果显示,海拔、月份、温度和流速对红尾副鳅的CPUE均有极显著影响,溶解氧对红尾副鳅的CPUE有显著影响,且海拔的偏差解释率最高为33.7%,其次是月份(32.8%),环境因子中溶解氧的偏差解释率最高,为12.5%。黑水河红尾副鳅CPUE具有极显著的时空分布差异,从低海拔到高海拔,黑水河红尾副鳅CPUE的变化具有波动性,但总体呈上升的趋势,在3月和5月,红尾副鳅CPUE较高,在5―10月,CPUE逐渐下降。影响红尾副鳅CPUE分布的主要环境因子为温度、流速和溶解氧。GAM模型中,水温和流速与红尾副鳅CPUE具有极显著的非线性关系,溶解氧与红尾副鳅CPUE具有显著的非线性关系,在11.7～25.9℃,随着水温的上升,红尾副鳅CPUE呈先下降后有短暂上升后又下...     

黄河上游2种裂腹鱼感应流速及其与体长的关系

为了探究鱼类感应流速随体长因素的变化,以黄河上游2种裂腹鱼为研究对象,利用环形水槽实验装置,采用递增流速法,测试并分析了不同体长鱼类的感应流速。结果表明,体长(BL, 20.67±3.65) cm的花斑裸鲤(Gymnocypris eckloni)和BL (14.50±2.24) cm的黄河裸裂尻鱼(Schizopygopsis pylzovi)的绝对感应流速分别为(4.97±1.22) cm·s~(-1)和(4.52±0.92) cm·s~(-1),相对感应流速分别为(0.24±0.045) BL·s~(-1)和(0.31±0.052) BL·s~(-1);绝对感应流速与体长呈正相关关系,相对感应流速与体长呈负相关关系,相对感应流速与体长呈现负相关关系是由于绝对感应流速的增加速率小于体长的增加速率;2种裂腹鱼类的绝对感应流速差异不显著(P0.05);构建的绝对感应流速与体长的非线性回归模型能够有效地解释鱼类感应流速对体长的响应。该研究对其他较难捕获测试样本区域的鱼类游泳特性的定性预测研究具有一定指导作用,也可为过鱼设施的设计提供基础数据支撑。     

原生观赏鱼鉴赏之⑦——红尾副鳅：极具开发价值的中国原生观赏鱼

【学名】红尾副鳅（Paracobitis variegatus） 【别名】红尾子、红尾杆鳅、红尾鱼、钢鳅 【原产地】中国。分布于我国四川、重庆境内长江水系的干、支流，还有陕西南部和甘肃的白龙江以及云南江、南盘江水系。 【分类地位】隶属鲤形目（Cyprinformes）鳅科（Cobitidae）条鳅亚科（Nemacheilinae）副鳅属（Paracobitis Bleeker）。     

北盘江2种典型增殖放流鱼类突进游速研究

长臀（Cranoglanis bouderius）和白甲鱼（Onychostoma sima）是目前北盘江主要放流鱼类,但这2种鱼的放流效果差异较大。由于鱼类的突进游速在一定程度上影响增殖放流的效果,故试验采用自制测试装置,用递增流速法测试了2种鱼的突进游速。结果显示,白甲鱼的突进游速大于长臀,且2种鱼的突进游速均随体长增加而近似线性增大;而相对突进游速则随着体长的增加而近似线性减小。研究结果可为北盘江鱼类增殖放流和放流效果评估,以及日后北盘江的拦鱼、诱鱼、集鱼船等鱼类资源保护措施的实施提供参考。     

大渡河软刺裸裂尻鱼（Schizopygopsis malacanthus）游泳能力研究

为了探究大渡河软刺裸裂尻鱼的游泳能力,为大渡河水域过鱼设施的设计提供基础数据支持以及充实鱼类游泳能力机制的数据资料。本研究采用递增流速法,用自制Brett-type水槽对大渡河软刺裸裂尻鱼的感应流速、临界游泳速度、突进游泳速度进行测试。结果表明,在水温范围为11.9~14.1℃条件下,体长为15~21.5cm,体重为34.8~152.9g的大渡河软刺裸裂尻鱼的绝对感应流速为0.084~0.0948m/s,相对感应流速为0.321~0.588BL/s,相对感应游泳速度随体长增大而减小;绝对临界游泳速度（Ucrit）为0.61~1.31m/s,相对临界游泳速度为4.16~5.076BL/s,这两者均随体长增大而增大;大渡河软刺裸裂尻鱼的绝对突进游泳速度（Uburst）为1.02~1.4m/s,与体长关系并不显著（P>0.05）,相对突进游泳速度为5.73~8.36BL/s,随体长增加而减小。通过视频回放发现,试验鱼突进游泳速度测试过程分为三个阶段：占突进速度0~29%,速度范围为0~0.4m/s;占突进速度29%~60%,速度范围为0.4~0.84m/s;占突进速度60%~100%,速度范围为0.84~1.4m/s。各阶段的静止不动、平稳摆动、冲刺-滑行三种游泳状态所占比例有显著不同。本研究可为以大渡河软刺裸裂尻鱼为过鱼对象的过鱼设施设计提供流速指标参考。     

五种鱼类感应流速比较分析

采用自行设计的鱼类游泳能力测试槽,用“流速递增法”测定了鲤（Cyprinus carpio）（体长24.46±5.9cm）、鲫（Carassius auratus）（体长13.66±4.7cm）、鲢（Hypophthalmichthys molitrix）（体长32.73±3.7cm）、鳙（Aristichthys nobilis）（体长30.47±1.7cm）以及蒙古鲌（Culter mongolicus mongolicus）（体长23.51±3.1cm）等五种鱼类的感应流速。结果表明鲤、鲫、鲢、鳙以及蒙古鲌的感应流速分别是（3.55±2.43）、（2.408±2.00）、（4.605±2.575）、（2.033±1.019）和（0.135-3.930）cm?s-1,相对感应流速分别是（0.147±0.097）、（0.182±0.166）、（0.142±0.078）、（0.067±0.034）和（0.08±0.054）BL?s-1; 鱼类的体长与感应流速不存在相关关系;相对感应流速更加准确的表示鱼类的感应流速;不同鱼类之间的感应流速差异极显著（P<0.01）,鱼类的感应流速是进化的结果。     

塔里木河流域叶尔羌高原鳅大棚养殖技术

叶尔羌高原鳅TriplophysarHedinichthys）yarkandensis（Day），又名叶尔羌鼓缥鳅、叶尔羌条鳅，地方名狗头鱼。属鲤形目、鳅科、条鳅亚科、高原鳅属、鼓鳔亚属，广泛分布于塔里木河水系，是塔里木河流域中生长较快、个体较大的一种，是生活在塔里木河流域的主要优势土著鱼类之一。叶尔羌高原鳅在鳅科鱼类中属于个体较大的鱼类之一，最大体长可达30．0cm、体重在305g左右。     

黑水河鱼类优先保护次序的定量分析

在金沙江下游干流大规模水电开发的背景下,干流开发与支流保护是生态环境保护的有效措施;黑水河是白鹤滩库区鱼类的优先保护支流,确定其鱼类优先保护次序和保护物种是进行鱼类栖息地修复和保护工作的首要任务和前提基础。在野外调查和查阅相关文献资料的基础上,运用濒危系数、遗传价值系数和物种价值系数对黑水河35种鱼类进行优先保护次序的定量分析,并结合黑水河栖息地实际情况,确定保护目标鱼类。结果显示,达到黑水河一级保护的鱼类只有1种,为长江上游特有鱼类长薄鳅（Leptobotia elongata）;达到二级保护的种类有12种,其中昆明裂腹鱼（Schizothorax grahami）、黄石爬鮡（Euchiloglanis kishinouyei）、短须裂腹鱼（Schizothorax wangchiachii）和长鳍吻鮈（Rhinogobio ventralis）为长江上游特有鱼类;处于三级保护的鱼类有17种,其中钝吻棒花鱼（Abbottina obtusirostris）和张氏?（Hemiculter tchangi）是长江上游特有鱼类;四级保护鱼类有5种,其中短体副鳅（Paracobitis potanini）为长江上游特有鱼类,评价结果基本反映了黑水河鱼类的实际情况。结合白鹤滩水库蓄水后黑水河栖息地生境改变的情况,最终确定昆明裂腹鱼、黄石爬鮡、短须裂腹鱼为黑水河栖息地修复和保护的目标鱼类,长薄鳅和长鳍吻鮈为备选保护鱼类。     

鳙幼鱼4种典型游泳状态特性研究

在23±0.5℃水温条件下,利用游泳行为测试水槽分析早期发育阶段鳙幼鱼（Hypophthalmichthys nobilis）（5.0～9.0cm,2.5～11.5g）游泳行为特性与水流流速变化的响应关系。结果表明该体长范围鳙幼鱼的平均临界游泳速度为0.468±0.161m/s;平均突进游泳速度为0.672±0.154m/s,且绝对临界游泳速度和绝对突进游泳速度均随体长的增加而线性增加,相对突进游泳速度随体长的增加而线性减小;绝对突进游泳速度与绝对临界游泳速度存在如下关系： ;在测试突进游泳速度中鱼类游泳行为随水流流速变化存在4种游泳状态相互穿插（顶流前进、顶流后退、顶流静止、顺流而下）,根据鱼类运动过程中的四个阶段分别对应的4种游泳状态,得到以鳙幼鱼为过鱼对象的鱼道池室主流流速为16.0～46.5cm/s;对于鱼道高流速区的竖缝、孔口等最佳流速应为46.5～85.4cm/s。本研究成果补充了四大家鱼游泳特性指标,为四大家鱼资源保护、鱼类洄游通道建设提供参考依据。     

大宁河红尾副鳅年龄与生长的研究

利用耳石、脊椎骨对2006年10月至2007年11月采自大宁河的129尾红尾副鳅(Paracobitis variegates)的年轮特征进行研究,并对生长情况进行分析。结果显示:低龄脊椎骨钙质沉积不明显,轮纹观察不清楚,耳石轮纹较清楚。红尾副鳅群体由2~6龄共5个龄组组成,体重体长关系为W=1.95×10-4L2.309,耳石直径与体长的关系为L=263.24R+9.03,生长方程为Lt=222.708[1-e-0.092(t+2.162)];Wt=51.399[1-e-0.092(t+2.162)]2.309。结果表明:红尾副鳅体重生长拐点年龄为6.97龄,7龄前后为合理的捕捞时期。     

Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean

The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna.     

Growth performance,digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass,Lateolabrax japonicus fed with fructooligosaccharide

In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg.     

Involvement of gonadal steroids in final oocyte maturation of white perch (Morone americana) and white bass (M. chrysops): in vivo and in vitro studies

Plasma estradiol-17 (E₂), testosterone (T), 17,20-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (DHP) and 17,20,21-tri-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (20-S) levels were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in white perch (Morone americana) and white bass (M. chrysops) that were induced to undergo final oocyte maturation (FOM) with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Plasma DHP levels increased in females of both species in association with oocyte germinal vesicle migration (GVM) and germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and decreased thereafter. Plasma 20-S levels also increased with oocyte GVM in white bass, but were several-fold lower than DHP levels. Circulating E₂ and T levels were greatest during GVM and GVBD in both species and decreased to low levels during oocyte hydration and ovulation. Follicles from white perch and white bass which received a priming injection of hCG in vivo, produced both DHP and 20-S in vitro after exposure to hCG and their oocytes underwent GVBD. Ovarian incubates from unprimed fish of either species produced only E₂ and T and their oocytes did not complete GVBD. Oocytes from unprimed bass, but not perch, matured when follicles were exposed to hCG in vitro. Both trilostane and cycloheximide blocked in vitro production of DHP and 20-S and oocyte GVBD by white perch follices. DHP and 20-S were equipotent inducers of FOM in the GVBD bioassay. None of several other structurally-related steroids tested were effective within a physiological range of concentrations. These results indicate a role for DHP and 20-S in the control of FOM in white perch and white bass.     

Cardiac,ventilatory and metabolic responses of two ecologically dissimilar species of fish to waterborne cyanide

Changes in heart rate, ventilatory activity and oxygen consumption were determined in trout (Salmo gairdneri) and brown bullhead catfish (Ictalurus nebulosus) during exposure to a steadily increasing concentration of waterborne cyanide selected to produce death in 8–9 hours for each species. The lethal cyanide concentration for the bullheads was an order of magnitude higher than for trout. Trout developed an immediate and gradually increasing bradycardia throughout the exposure period. Cyanide produced tachycardia in the bullhead followed by a gradual onset of bradycardia as the concentration of cyanide was raised. Pericardial injection of atropine (a muscarinic cholinergic antagonist) indicated that bradycardia in the trout was due initially to increased vagal tone but later due to the direct effect of cyanide on the heart. Hyperventilation in the trout persisted throughout the exposure period, although the rate and amplitude fluctuated and was variable between individual fish. During the last hour of exposure (highest cyanide concentration), ventilation was characterized by rapid, shallow breaths followed by a sudden respiratory arrest. The bullheads exhibited hyperventilation during the first 3 hours of exposure followed by a gradual, linear drop in ventilation rate and amplitude until death occurred. Cardiac and ventilatory responses in both species were attributed to stimulation of central and peripheral chemoreceptors by cyanide. Evidence is presented which suggests the initial response in the bullheads was due, at least in part, to gustatory stimulation by the cyanide. Oxygen consumption of the trout remained above pre-exposure levels for the majority of the test period. Oxygen consumption in the bullhead paralleled the changes in heart and ventilatory rates. Whole-body lactate levels of fingerlings of both species during cyanide exposure were measured to estimate the extent of anaerobiosis. Whole-body lactate levels were much greater in the bullheads than the trout, indicating a higher capacity for anaerobiosis, possibly due to a greater fuel supply. Overall, the trout responded to cyanide in a manner similar to that produced by environmental hypoxia whereas the bullheads experienced a gustatory stimulus which masked the hypoxia-like response.     

An overview of stress physiology of fish transport: changes in water quality as a function of transport duration

This study brings an integrated analysis about the relationship between water deterioration and its physiological consequences in live fish transport. The analysis was focused on the transport water and its deterioration, and physiological challenges imposed on the fish. Usual commercial handling procedures employed to mitigate fish stress during transport were discussed. Future topics of research for the establishment of safer fish transport protocols were proposed. Transport was classified into short (≤8 h) or long transport (>8 h). The main issue in short transports should be the prevention of water pH reduction, while in long transports it is the increase in ammonia. Plasma cortisol is the most employed marker for stress and is acutely elevated upon short episodes of transport, but remains elevated even in long‐transport events. Plasma glucose is perhaps a better marker for handling stress. Plasma lactate, pH, osmolality CO₂ and ions should be more often evaluated. Plasma Na⁺ and Cl^‐ are very useful markers of acidosis, due to their respective exchange for H⁺ and , for acid–base regulation. The establishment of species‐specific transport protocols should be preceded by such combined analyses of water and physiological parameters.     

Are hatchery‐reared abalone naïve of predators? Comparing the behaviours of wild and hatchery‐reared northern abalone,Haliotis kamtschatkana (Jonas, 1845)

Abalone populations have declined worldwide, generating interest in enhancement using hatchery‐reared individuals. In many cases, such restoration efforts have met with limited success due to high predator‐induced mortality rates. Furthermore, the mortality rates of outplanted hatchery abalone are often considerably higher than for wild individuals. This study uses northern abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana) as a case study to determine whether hatchery‐reared abalone behave differently than their wild counterparts. In the field, outplanted hatchery‐reared abalone were significantly less responsive than wild abalone, in terms of number of abalone responding and intensity of response, to nearby movement and to physical contact with an inert probe. Also, when encountering a cue to which all abalone responded (a seastar predator), hatchery‐reared individuals remained subdued. Anti‐predator behavioural deficits in hatchery‐reared abalone were more pronounced in 4‐year‐old individuals than in 1‐year‐old individuals, suggesting an influence of either age or amount of time spent in the hatchery environment. These behavioural differences are expected to increase the vulnerability of hatchery‐reared abalone to predators, and are likely a major cause of their elevated predator‐induced mortality when outplanted.     

Effects of cadmium on the kinetics of calcium uptake in developing tilapia larvae, Oreochromis mossambicus

The toxic effects of Cd²⁺ on Ca²⁺ influx kinetics in developing tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) larvae were evaluated. Addition of 20 µg l^-1 of Cd²⁺ to the environment of 0 and 3 day-old larvae competitively inhibited the Ca²⁺ uptake within 4h resulting in a great increase in K_m values for Ca²⁺ influx (19.3 and 17.4 fold, respectively) as compared with their respective controls. Consequently, the actual Ca²⁺ influx of larvae in solutions of 0.2 mM Ca²⁺ are suppressed by 32–45%. Also, 3 day-old larvae were more sensitive to internally accumulated Cd²⁺ than 0 day-old larvae. Although the Ca²⁺ influx in 0 and 3 day-old larvae may be restored to the levels of their respective controls with 24h of being transferred to a 20 µg l^-1 Cd²⁺ solution, total body Ca²⁺ content was significantly reduced in 3 day-old larvae. Increased Ca²⁺ uptake efficiency ensures sufficient Ca²⁺ for normal growth. However, rapid increase in Ca²⁺ influx after hatching also leads to higher Cd²⁺ uptake. Exposure to Cd²⁺ will lead to a drop in body Ca²⁺ content resulting in retardation of larval growth. Therefore, we conclude that if Ca²⁺ uptake is interfered with at this critical stage of development, larvae will not be able to maintain normal levels of body Ca²⁺ and will show signs of Cd²⁺ poisoning.     

Migratory dynamics of stream-spawning longnose gar (Lepisosteus osseus)

Abstract– Literature evidence suggests that lake-dwelling longnose gar (Lepisosteus osseus) enter tributary streams to spawn, Until the present study, the dynamics of this breeding migration had never been investigated quantitatively. During the summers of 1991 and 1992, longnose gar were captured as they entered Weaubleau Creek, Missouri, a tributary of Harry S. Truman Reservoir. The in-stream spawning migration began in early April and ended in late May, and was positively correlated with stream flow and water level, and negatively correlated with water temperature. In-stream residence times ranged from 15 to 94 days, with males exhibiting longer residence times than females. Once in-stream, longnose gar travelled as far as 10 km upstream and occupied certain pools at greater relative frequencies. Although the reason for this preferential utilization is not completely understood, it may relate to pool depth and riffle proximity. Longnose gar disperse from the spawning stream great distances, with gar captured in Weaubleau Creek being recaptured up to 48 km away. This information should provide fisheries biologists the means to consider the reproductive ecology of this species in their conservation and management decisions.     

Nutritional regulation of hepatocyte fatty acid desaturation and polyunsaturated fatty acid composition in zebrafish (Danio rerio) and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

The desaturation and elongation of [1-¹⁴C]18:3n-3 was investigated in hepatocytes of the tropical warm freshwater species, zebrafish (Danio rerio) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The hepatocyte fatty acid desaturation/elongation pathway was assayed before and after the fish were fed two experimental diets, a control diet containing fish oil (FO) and a diet containing vegetable oil (VO; a blend of olive, linseed and high oleic acid sunflower oils) for 10 weeks. The VO diet was formulated to provide 1% each of 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3, and so satisfy the possible EFA requirements of zebrafish and tilapia. At the end of the dietary trial, the lipid and fatty acid composition was determined in whole zebrafish, and liver, white muscle and brain of tilapia. Both zebrafish and tilapia expressed a hepatocyte fatty acid desaturation/elongation pattern consistent with them being freshwater and planktonivorous fish. The data also showed that hepatic fatty acid desaturation/elongation was nutritionally regulated with the activities being higher in fish fed the VO diet compared to fish fed the FO diet. In zebrafish, the main effect of the VO diet was increased fatty acid Δ6 desaturase activity resulting in the production of significantly more 18:4n-3 compared to fish fed the FO diet. In tilapia, all activities in the pathway were greater in fish fed the VO diet resulting in increased amounts of all fatty acids in the pathway, but primarily eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3). However, the fatty acid compositional data indicated that despite increased activity, desaturation of 18:3n-3 was insufficient to maintain tissue proportions of EPA and DHA in fish fed the VO diet at the same level as in fish fed the FO diet. Practically, these results indicate that manipulation of tilapia diets in commercial culture in response to the declining global fish oil market would have important consequences for fish fatty acid composition and the health of consumers. Scientifically, zebrafish and tilapia, both the subject of active genome mapping projects, could be useful models for studies of lipid and fatty acid metabolism at a molecular biological and genetic level. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Production of diatom–bacteria biofilm isolated from Seriola lalandi cultures for aquaculture application

Controlled incorporation of selected microalgae and bacteria in aquaculture systems can be beneficial because they can act as microbiological control. That is why the characteristics of biofilm generated naturally in Seriola lalandi culture cages were analysed, their potential benefit to the growth of larvae was studied, and their controlled use for improving the larval viability and as a vector to improve incorporation of previously studied probiotic bacteria was tested. According to biodiversity results, these biofilms are composed of a diatom–bacteria mix showing a decrease in biodiversity in laboratory culture conditions being dominated by Navicula phyllepta and bacteria of the family Rhodobacteraceae. This can be produced on mesh substrates incorporated in bioreactors with rapid growth rate and adhesiveness. Preliminary results from the addition of substrates with this specific biofilm in larvae culture systems showed that it is consumed by the larvae without negative effects, while positive effects on the viability of larvae in combination with probiotics were observed. Considering preliminary results, the addition of these specific substrates with diatom–bacteria biofilms could be a good improvement for aquaculture systems and together with the use of probiotics can contribute to maintaining a stable and controlled system improving the viability of the larval fish culture in its early stages.