1999年南方稻区水稻品种区试优良品种介绍

1999年全国南方稻区水稻品种区试组织了华南早籼组、早籼早中熟组、中籼迟熟(A、B)组、晚籼早熟组、晚籼中迟熟组、双季晚粳组7个熟组的区试以及华南早籼组、早籼早中熟组、中籼迟熟A组、双季晚粳组4个熟组的生产试验。供试品种(组合)67个,试验点次127个。经对试验资料的总结分析,有11个品种(组合)在区试和生产试验中表现突出,并推荐全国品种审定,现介绍如下:(1)优优8821:　三系杂交组合,广东农科院水稻所选育。1997年参加全国南方稻区华南早籼组区试,平均产量6655.5kg/hm2,分别比对照七山占(CK1)、汕优桂99(CK2)增产10.3%、7.3%,达显著…     

2002年南方稻区国家水稻品种区试优良品种介绍

2002年南方稻区国家水稻品种区试组织了华南早籼高产组、华南早籼优质组、华南晚籼组、早籼早中熟组、早籼迟熟组、长江上游中籼迟熟高产组、长江上游中籼迟熟优质组、长江中下游中籼迟熟高产组、长江中下游中籼迟熟优质组、晚籼早熟高产组、晚籼早熟优质组、晚籼中迟熟高产组、晚籼中迟熟优质组、单季晚粳组以及武陵山区中籼组15个类型 (熟期 )组的区试及生产试验 ,参试品种 (组合 )共180个。南方稻区的海南等17个省 (市、自治区 )的74个农业科研、良种繁育、品种管理单位承担了试验工作 ,试验点次229个。经过对试验资料的分析总结和区试年…     

2002年南方稻区——国家水稻品种区试优良品种介绍

2002年南方稻区国家水稻品种区试组织了华南早籼高产组、华南早籼优质组、华南晚籼组、早籼早中熟组、早籼迟熟组、长江上游中籼迟熟高产组、长江上游中籼迟熟优质组、长江中下游中籼迟熟高产组、长江中下游中籼迟熟优质组、晚籼早熟高产组、晚籼早熟优质组、晚籼中迟熟高产组、晚籼中迟熟优质组、单季晚粳组以及武陵山区中籼组15个类型 (熟期 )组的区试及生产试验 ,参试品种 (组合 )共180个。南方稻区的海南等17个省 (市、自治区 )的74个农业科研、良种繁育、品种管理单位承担了试验工作 ,试验点次229个。经过对试验资料的分析总结和区试年…     

1998年全国南方稻区水稻品种区试优良品种介绍

1998年全国南方稻区水稻品种区试组织了早讪早中熟组、早舢中迟熟组、中舢迟熟（A、B）组、晚舢早熟组、晚舢中迟熟组、双季晚粳组、华南早舢组、华南晚舢组9个熟组的区域试验和早舢中迟熟组、中轴迟熟组、晚税早熟组、晚制中迟熟组、双季晚粳组、华南早舢纷、华南晚籼组7个熟组的生产试验。供试品种（组合）87个，试验点次162个。经过对各点次试验资料的总结分析，有11个品种（组合）在区试和生产试验中表现比较突出，推荐全国品种审定。介绍如下；（1）特优18三系杂交稻组合，广西区玉林地区农科所选育。1997年参加华南早舢组区试，平均…     

江西双季稻不同品种搭配模式对产量与效益的影响

以双季高产为目标,在江西开展早、晚稻不同品种搭配模式研究,结果表明,在全球气候变暖的大背景下,不同熟期品种合理搭配,适当延长双季周年生育期,不但有利于提高双季总产量,还有利于提高光温、肥水资源利用效率。在江西南部,"早籼(中熟)+晚籼(迟熟)"模式及"早籼(中熟)+晚粳"模式较佳;在江西北部,"早籼(早熟)+晚粳"模式及"早籼(中熟)+晚籼(中熟)""早籼(中熟)+晚粳"模式较佳;具体采用何种搭配模式,可结合当地实际条件而定。     

2003年北方稻区国家水稻品种试验优良品种介绍

2003年北方稻区国家水稻品种试验共组织17豫粳6号组、中作93组、金珠1号组、秋光组、吉玉粳组和长白9号组6个熟期组的区试及生产试验,供试品种(组合)共计83个,来自北方稻区16个省(市、自治区)的48个农业科研与良种繁育单位承担了试验,试验点次共78个。经过对试验资料的分析总结和区试年会讨论,有13个品种(组合)在区试和生产试验中表现优良,现介绍如下：     

2000年北方稻区水稻品种区试优良品种介绍

２０００年全国北方稻区水稻品种区试共组织了豫粳６号组、中作９３组、金珠１号组、秋光组和吉玉粳组５个熟期组的区试及生产试验。供试品种 (组合 )共计６０个 ,试验点次７０个。经过对试验资料的初步分析总结 ,有９个品种 (组合 )在区试和生产试验中比较突出 ,拟推荐全国品种审定委员会审定。现介绍如下 :（１）３Ａ／１８三系杂交稻组合 ,天津市农作所选育。１９９８～１９９９年参加了国家北方水稻区域试验 ,１９９８年初试平均单产５７６．８ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ ,较对照豫粳６号增产２．０ % ;１９９９年续试平均单产６５２．５ｋｇ／６…     

中熟早籼湘早籼29号高产栽培技术

湘早籼２９号，原名ＨＡ９１１４６，是湖南省水稻研究所育成的高产中熟偏早早籼新品种。经区域试验及生产示范，表现早熟、稳产高产、抗性较好，是一个综合性状较好的早籼饲料稻更新替代新品种。１９９９年２月通过湖南省农作物品种审定委员会审定。１　主要特点（１）成熟期早。两年区试结果，湘早籼２９号全生育期１０４．５ｄ。据高产丘块抽样调查，该品种前期分蘖力强，叶片增长快，最大叶面积指数出现时期早，中期变化稳，后期叶面积指数下降缓慢，使得籽粒灌浆速度加快，这样能保证在７月１５日前正常成熟，可与杂交晚籼中、迟熟品种…     

2001年北方稻区国家水稻品种区试优良品种

２００１年全国北方稻区水稻品种区试共组织了豫粳６号组、中作９３组、金珠１号组、秋光组、吉玉粳组和东农４１６组共６个熟期组的区试及生产试验。供试品种 (组合 )共计７４个 ,试验点次７６个。经过对试验资料的初步分析总结 ,有１２个品种 (组合 )在区试和生产试验中比较突出 ,拟推荐全国品种审定委员会审定。现介绍如下 :１．津优９７０１杂交稻组合 ,天津市农作所选育 ,２０００～２００１年参加了国家北方水稻区域试验。２０００年初试平均单产５７０．７ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,较对照中作９３增产１７．９ % ,达显著水平。２００１年续…     

1999年全国北方稻区水稻品种区试优良品种介绍

１９９９年全国北方稻区水稻品种区试共组织了豫粳６号组、津稻１１８７组、中丹２号组、秋光组和吉玉粳组５个熟期组的区试及豫粳６号组、津稻１１８７组、秋光组和吉玉粳组４个熟期组的生产试验。供试品种 (组合 )共计４９个 ,试验点次６２个。经过对试验资料的初步分析总结 ,有９个品种 (组合 )在区试和生产试验中比较突出 ,拟推荐全国品种审定委员会审定。现介绍如下 :(１)９Ａ／Ｃ４１８ :江苏省徐州市农科所选育。１９９８～１９９９年参加国家北方水稻区试,两年平均单产６２２．１ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,较对照增产９．６１ %。１９９９…     

Allelopathy in Agroecosystems in Spain

Summary

This paper reviews the effects of allelopathic interactions in agroecosystems in Spain on plant physiological activity and their ecological advantages. The phenological stage of growth of donor plants and the effective allelochemicals in the soil solution while studying the role of phenolic compounds were highlighting. Finally possible future prospects and conclusions regarding weed control by allelochemi-cals under integrated crop management strategies are discussed.     

Factors in the Reduction in Grain Number in Winter Wheat by Early-Sowing in Yamaguchi

Abstract

Grain number per spike of wheat is lower in early sowing than in the conventional standard cultivation in Yamaguchi, Prefecture, Japan. Components of the grain number per spike in five cultivars were analyzed with respect to temperature during the spike development period throughout three growing seasons 2001/2002, 2002/2003 and 2003/2004 to find the cause of the problem of early sowing cultivation. The plants sown in early-October and late-November were called the early sown group and the standard group, respectively, in the following. Three of the five cultivars, Hokushin, Akitakko and Nanbukomugi, showed a strong winter habit, which requires very cold temperatures for spike differentiation. The other two cultivars, Iwainodaichi and Airakomugi, had a moderate winter habit. Grain number per spike and grain yield were decreased by early-sowing (compare with the standard group) in almost all cultivars throughout the three growing seasons. The three cultivars which had a strong winter habit had fewer spikelets per spike in the early-sown group than in the standard group. The other two cultivars which had a moderate winter habit had fewer grains per spikelet in the early-sown group. The higher the temperature during the spikelet formation phase, which is from flag leaf initiation to terminal spikelet initiation, the higher the number of spikelets per spike in the standard group. The spikelet number per spike in the early-sown group increased with the increase in productive tillers under fertile conditions. Such conditions also increased the grain number per spike.     

我国高粱育种研究进展

对我国高粱育种的主要途径和研究方向进行了概述,针对目前高粱产量徘徊现象,提出了高粱超高产育种设想,并对其技术路线进行了探讨。     

我国干热区甘蔗抗旱植蔗主要问题研讨

我国干热蔗区是我国甘蔗糖业的重要生产基地,蔗区光热资源丰富,唯降水分布不均成为植蔗生产的主要限制因子;根据蔗区植蔗特点和甘蔗需水规律,苗期抗旱是干热蔗区抗旱植蔗的关键,保证较多的总苗数和足够的生长量是苗期抗旱植蔗需解决的关键技术难题,制定相应的苗期抗旱植蔗栽培技术措施是解决该难题的重要保障;该观点为我国干热蔗区植蔗生产、甘蔗引育种提供理论和技术支持。     

Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate in potato in two environments

Summary Diurnal changes in net photosynthetic rate were measured in a furrow-irrigated potato crop and in a riverbed crop where the water table was always maintained at 20–28 cm from the soil surface. In the irrigated crop, the photosynthetic rate during mid-afternoon was about half the peak rate observed at noon. This reduction was accompanied by a near tripling of stomatal resistance, a 45% reduction in transpiration, and a 5-fold increase in the difference between leaf and air temperatures. No such changes were observed in the riverbed crop where the photosynthetic rate remained nearly constant at about 0.9 mg m⁻² s⁻¹ between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m. Tuber yield in the riverbed crop was about 30% higher than in the irrigated crop.     

棉花体细胞无性系变异的研究进展

体细胞无性系变异是一种重要的细胞工程育种技术,其应用于棉花育种的前提是建立高效的组织培养诱导再生植株体系.本文简要综述了棉花离体诱导植株再生研究的现状,重点讨论了棉花体细胞无性系变异的表现、利用方法及机理,提出了当前研究存在的问题并对今后的研究进行了展望.     

2009年中国稻米市场分析及2010年展望

以翔实的资料对2009年中国稻米生产、消费、进出口、供求平衡、库存、价格走势、购销政策和国际稻米供求等情况进行了全面地分析,对影响2010年稻米市场价格走势的各种因素进行了深入研究,并在此基础上对2010年我国稻米市场价格走势进行了预测,结论是我国稻米价格仍呈上行趋势。     

Advances in Variable Rate Technology Application in Potato in The Netherlands

Precision agriculture is a farming management concept based on observing, measuring and responding to inter- and intra-field variability in crops. In this paper, we focus on responding to intra-field variability in potato crops and analyse variable rate applications (VRAs). We made an overview of potential VRAs in potato crop management in The Netherlands. We identified 13 potential VRAs in potato, ranging from soil tillage to planting to crop care to selective harvest. We ranked them on availability of ‘proof of concept’ and on-farm test results. For five VRAs, we found test results allowing to make a cost-benefit assessment. These five VRAs were as follows: planting, soil herbicide weed control, N side dress, late blight control and haulm killing. They use one of two types of spatial data: soil maps or biomass index maps. Data on costs and savings of the VRAs showed that the investments in VRAs will pay off under practical conditions in The Netherlands. Savings on pesticide use and N-fertilizer use with the VRAs were on average about 25%, which benefits the environment too. We foresee a slow but gradual adoption of VRAs in potato production. More VRAs will become available given ongoing R&D. The perspectives of VRAs in potatoes are discussed.