共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 453 毫秒
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《林业科学》2021,(6)
【目的】提出一种基于卷积神经网络模型——PWoodIDNet模型的木材宏、微观辨识方法,以有效提高木材辨识精度和速度,为海关、进出口检疫检验、家具企业等法定部门和企业提供先进的辨识方法和仪器,推动我国木材进出口检疫检验行业和木材加工制造企业的科技进步。【方法】首先,选择16种木材样本,每种样本获取50张高分辨率显微CT图像和工业相机图像,共1600幅;然后,截取具有木射线、薄壁组织、轴向管胞、纹孔和纹理等特征的目标区域,共4800幅,通过水平翻转、垂直翻转、镜像、亮度变换等图像增强算法后将图像集扩充至19200幅。构建基于卷积神经网络的木材宏、微观辨识模型——PWoodIDNet模型,采用加入动量的随机梯度下降(SGDM)方法优化模型,并利用GPU优化并行运算库,对木材宏、微观结构数据集进行分类准确率对比。【结果】相比现行GoogLeNet模型,PWoodIDNet模型准确率提高1.49%,速度提高59.69%;相比现行AlexNet模型,PWoodIDNet模型准确率提高3.76%,速度提高2.63%。【结论】PWoodIDNet模型突破现有辨识方法木材辨识种类范围窄、准确率低和辨识速度慢的难点,能够有效辨识木材,并可在更短的训练时间内实现最佳辨识效果,为我国木材辨识提供一种新的方法和思路。 相似文献
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木材干燥基准数学模型的研究与应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
阐述在木材干燥计算机控制系统中使用干燥基准数学模型的方法,并介绍了如何正切利用相应软件回归干燥基准和建立干燥基准模型,文中列出了各种回归出的模型的图表以及五种常用木材的干燥基准模型。本方法已成功地应用在国家“八五”攻关项目“木废料能源联合干燥技术研究”的计算机控制系统中。 相似文献
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当前绿色低碳经济已经成为时代所需,木材干燥行业也应顺应潮流。目前在木材干燥过程中,尚无评价模型对整个干燥过程的绿色化程度进行综合评价,因此,针对木材绿色干燥建立了一种综合评价模型。选取评价指标,对影响木材绿色干燥过程的指标进行分类,并采用层次分析法对影响木材绿色干燥的指标进行权重分析,最后,应用模糊综合评价的方法对木材干燥过程中的各指标进行综合评价。在建立评判矩阵时,定量指标根据实际测量值选取中间型梯形分布函数建立隶属度函数;定性指标的模糊综合评判矩阵构建由专家评判进行模糊化处理确定的隶属度来确定,最终得到木材干燥绿色化的综合评价等级。 相似文献
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《林业科学》2018,(11)
【目的】为获取木材内部构造形态,提高木材内部缺陷识别率,依据获得的计算机断层扫描图像,提出一种基于卷积神经网络(CNN)的木材内部缺陷辨识方法,以实现木材的高效化自动分类。【方法】首先,利用课题组自行开发的计算机断层扫描系统,采集样本木材内部CT图像800幅;然后,对样本图像进行处理,随机选取700幅原始样本图像,从中截取出单个缺陷区域和正常木材断层区域样本图像20 000幅,并利用图像增强等算法将数据集扩充到70 000幅,标准化图像大小为28×28像素,分为正常、裂纹、虫眼和节子图像共4类,取60 000幅图像作为训练集,10 000幅图像作为测试集,剩余的100幅原始样本图像用于试验验证。【结果】通过60 000幅图像来训练网络模型,对测试集10 000幅图像进行分类,分类正确率达99.3%;利用训练得到的网络模型对100幅原始样本图像进行验证,平均分类正确率为95.87%。【结论】基于卷积神经网络的木材内部CT图像缺陷辨识算法,克服了传统识别方法图像预处理繁琐、训练方法复杂、训练参数过多、耗时过多等问题,具有精度高、复杂度小、鲁棒性较好等优点,且辨识正确率和辨识时间都比现行常规算法精准并用时短,是一种无损、高效、准确的辨识分类方法。 相似文献
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用神经网络方法对木材干燥窑PID控制系统进行系统辨识,并在此基础上用免疫PID算法取代传统PID算法进行PID参数的在线寻优,从而更加准确地控制干燥窑的温度和湿度的过程。仿真结果表明,新的控制系统在稳定性、动态性能等方面都有明显提高。 相似文献
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《林业科学》2021,(9)
木材干燥应力相关研究是木材科学的重要组成部分,对木材实际加工过程具有重要指导作用,也是制定和优化干燥工艺的依据。本文从木材干燥应力研究的主要试验手段和模型方法 2方面入手,对比分析各种方法的优势和不足,系统总结干燥应力研究现状,以期为木材干燥应力相关研究提供借鉴,推动干燥应力研究向更深层次发展,为木材高质量干燥奠定基础。试验研究方面,传统的叉齿法和切片法依旧是木材干燥应力、应变检测的常规试验方法,数字图像、近红外光谱等现代化技术手段为干燥应力、应变研究提供了新的契机,但至今仍没有一种方法具备绝对的检测精度和实际推广应用条件。模型研究方面,木材流变学理论模型日趋完善成熟,对干燥应力的模拟进入一个瓶颈阶段。随着计算机技术的不断发展以及数值分析软件的逐渐强大,有限元法被用于木材干燥应力的模拟研究,该方法在处理木材这种各向异性材料方面具有一定优势,目前处于快速发展阶段。根据现阶段木材干燥应力研究现状,试验手段和模型方法对于干燥应力研究均具有不可替代的作用,二者结合是全面研究干燥应力的关键,试验探寻能够快速、精准、连续检测木材干燥应力的新装置或新技术依然是未来的研究重点。有限元法是木材干燥应力模型研究最具潜力的数值分析方法,未来适用性广泛的模型构建要立足于木材自身的多尺度、多层级结构特征,利用先进仪器设备获取精准的模型参数,并将所建模型纳入干燥设备控制系统,指导和服务于实际生产。 相似文献
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文中综述了木材热压干燥理论及试验研究,分析了热压干燥工艺对干燥时间、干燥质量和物理力学性能的影响;为了对木材热压干燥过程进行预测和工艺控制,归纳了木材热压干燥传热传质规律以及数学模型构建与求解的研究现状,也为更好地建立和完善木材热压干燥数学模型与干燥工艺奠定了基础;指出木材热压干燥及传热传质模型研究中存在的主要问题,对完善木材热压干燥机理研究与传热传质数学模型构建提出建议,并对热压干燥在人工林木材中的应用进行了展望,可为人工林木材高效高附加值利用提供参考。 相似文献
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In the process of wood drying inevitable stresses are induced. This often leads to checking and undesired deformations that
may greatly affect the quality of the dried product. The purpose of this study was to propose a new rheological model representation
capable to predict the evolution of stresses and deformations in wood cantilever as applied to wood drying. The rheological
model considers wood shrinkage, instantaneous stress–strain relationships, time induced creep, and mechano-sorptive creep.
The constitutive law is based on an elasto–viscoplastic model that takes into account the moisture content gradient in wood,
the effect of external load, and a threshold viscoplastic (permanent) strain which is dependent on stress level and time.
The model was implemented into a numerical program that computes stresses and strains of wood cantilever under constant load
for various moisture content conditions. The results indicate that linear and nonlinear creep behavior of wood cantilever
under various load levels can be simulated using only one Kelvin element model in combination with a threshold-type viscoplastic
element. The proposed rheological model was first developed for the identification of model parameters from cantilever creep
tests, but it can be easily used to simulate drying stresses of a piece of wood subjected to no external load. It can therefore
predict the stress reversal phenomenon, residual stresses and maximum stress through thickness during a typical drying process. 相似文献
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几种木材干燥方法机理及其对木材浸注性的影响* 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
木材干燥是木材工业应用中必不可少的一环 ,木材的浸注性或渗透性又是关系到木材改性成功与否的重要前提。因此 ,开展不同干燥方法对木材浸注性或渗透性影响的研究 ,将对开展低质人工林木材功能性改良、提高其质量和利用价值的新技术与新方法的研究 ,具有重要理论指导作用。文中就高温干燥、高频 /真空干燥、微波干燥、冷冻干燥和大气干燥等干燥方法的机理及其对木材浸注性或渗透性影响的研究工作进行了全面综述 相似文献
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Research on the effect of microwave pretreatment on moisture diffusion coefficient of wood 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Based on the pathway of moisture diffusion in wood below FSP, an improved moisture diffusion model has been proposed. The
theoretical solution of the mathematic model shows that the diffusion coefficient for microwave pretreated wood was increased
no more than 3% compared with that of wood without being treated even under extreme condition. Experiments indicate that the
pit membrane structure can be effectively destroyed during microwave pretreatment, but the moisture diffusion coefficient
can not be significantly improved. In practice, the effect of microwave pretreatment on moisture diffusion coefficient can
be ignored. The drying rate of wood during the sequent conventional drying can not be significantly improved by microwave
pretreatment. 相似文献
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Two classification methods, a feed-forward neural network and a fuzzy logic algorithm, were used for the automatic identification of CT images for selected wood features in sugar maple, one of the most important hardwoods in eastern Canada. Three wood characteristics were selected for automatic identification together with the background as a default. Local features, such as position and local pixel values were used as the neural networks inputs. The fuzzy sets consisted of four different possible pixel values and four possible distances from the center of the log. The fuzzy method used in this study was of the Mamdani type. Five sugar maple logs were randomly selected for this study. One of the logs is used for the training of the neural network and the others for validation and comparison. The structure of the neural network was optimized and was used for the segmentation of the other logs. An efficiency function, consisting of the number of pixels correctly labeled, was defined for the evaluation of the segmentation process. This study shows that a segmentation based on a fuzzy method has better capabilities for generalization than one based on a feed-forward method. 相似文献
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Stavros Avramidis Lazaros Iliadis Shawn D. Mansfield 《Wood Science and Technology》2006,40(7):563-574
An artificial neural network that can predict the dielectric properties of wood was developed and tested with experimental data. The network was capable of accurately predicting the loss factor of two wood species not only as a function of ambient electro-thermal conditions but also as a function of basic wood chemistry. This way, an important predictive tool is created that allows optimization of dielectric heating and drying for many wood species without significant experimentation should their chemical composition be known under variable temperatures, moisture contents and electric filed characteristics. 相似文献