Detection of a gonadotropin in rabbit blastocyst before implantation

A gonadotropin similar to human chorionic gonadotropin or luteinizing hormone has been demonstrated in rabbit blastocyst prior to implantation. The gonadotropin has been detected by a radioreceptor assay for human chorionic gonadotropin with the use of the plasma membranes of bovine corpora lutea obtained during the first trimester of pregnancy. The concentrations of the human chorionic gonadotropin or luteinizing hormone per milliliter of blastocyst fluid were tenfold higher than those in the blood of pregnant rabbits on days 5 and 6 after mating.     

Radioreceptor assay of human chorionic gonadotropin: detection of early pregnancy

A rapid, sensitive, and specific radioreceptor assay for the determination of human chorionic gonadotropin and luteinizing hormone in plasma is described. Plasma membranes of bovine corpora lutea of early pregnancy, which bind biologically active labeled human chorionic gonadotropin, have been used as receptor. Pregnancy could be detected by assaying the gonadotropin in plasma samples obtained from day 6 to 8 after conception.     

Human chorionic gonadotropin: its possible role in maternal lymphocyte suppression

Human chorionic gonadotropin completely inhibits the response of lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin. The effect is both reversible and noncytotoxic. These observations support the theory that the fetus is accepted because human chorionic gonadotropin represents trophoblastic surface antigen and blocks the action of maternal lymphocytes.     

Gonadotropin-induced anomalies of the zona pellucida of the baboon ovum

Vesiclulation and other anomalies were observed in the zona pellucida about the ovum of female baboons (Papio anubis) that had received treatment with Pergonal and human chorionic gonadotropin; and in somiie instances the zona pellucida was absent.     

L-ascorbic acid synthesis in birds: phylogenetic trend

The ability of several species of birds to synthesize L-ascorbic acid is correlated with their phylogeny. In the more primitive species, synthesis of L-ascorbic acid occurs in the kidney. Among the highly evolved passeriform species, kidney and liver can synthesize L-ascorbic acid in some, whereas in others synthesis occurs in the liver. In still others, the capacity for the synthesis of L-ascorbic acid is apparently lost. The pattern of evolution of the ascorbic acid pathway among birds is thus similar to that among mammals.     

激素对大约克母猪人工催情与同期发情的效果

为筛选出适合毕节地区环境和饲养条件的母猪发情控制技术,进行了不同激素对乏情青年母猪和经产母猪的同期发情处理试验.结果表明,孕马血清促性腺激素(Pregnant mare serum gonadotropin,PMSG)和人绒毛膜促性腺激素(Human chorionic gonadotrophin,HCG)对生理性乏情...     

Evolution and the biosynthesis of ascorbic acid

The ability to synthesize ascorbic acid is absent in the insects, invertebrates, and fishes. The biosynthetic capacity started in the kidney of amphibians, resided in the kidney of reptiles, became transferred to the liver of mammals, and finally disappeared from the guinea pig, the flying mammals, monkey, and man. A similar transition in the biosynthetic ability was observed in the branched evolution of the birds.     

鱼类催产激素对齐口裂腹鱼繁殖的影响

分别使用促黄体素释放激素(LHRH-A2)、绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)和地欧酮(DOM)3种鱼类催产激素6个组合,对齐口裂腹鱼(Schizothorax prenanti Tchang)亲鱼进行注射催产处理,比较催产率、受精率和孵化率的变化,探讨齐口裂腹鱼对不同催产激素及其组合的适应性和敏感性,从而找出最适合齐口裂腹鱼繁殖的催产激素组合。结果表明,齐口裂腹鱼亲鱼对LHRH-A2、HCG和DOM组合的敏感度最高,催产率和孵化率显著优于单一激素和其他激素组合。     

泥鳅的人工繁殖与苗种培育研究

采用地欧酮(DOM)、绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)、促排卵素2号(LHRH-A2)3种不同药物对泥鳅进行催产试验,结果表明每尾泥鳅注射DOM 0.25 mg+LHRH-A2 3μg+HCG 150 IU为最佳催产激素配比,催产率达到85%。规模化泥鳅苗种培育阶段的开口饵料以蛋黄和浮游生物混合营养为佳,在透明度为50 cm的土池培育的泥鳅苗种成活率高、生长快。     

铜、钼、硫对肝细胞浆液内咪噻宁代谢的影响(Ⅱ)

本文通过一系列试验指出:1、硫钼酸盐可明显地减少大鼠的肝、肾、肠内与MT结合的铜浓度,尤以肝、肾最明显,而对Zn-MT的结合作用没有明显影响。硫钼酸盐对牛的肝细胞浆液中与MT结合的铜有类似的影响。同时它还有延迟静脉注射的铜进入肝浆与MT结合的作用。2、饲料中添加钼和硫后,于第1个月内,肝内MT浓度在肝铜大量丢失之初,由于肝内可动员铜大量释放,Cu-MT浓度增加,随后则逐渐降低。3、铜可以诱导缺铜牛肝浆内MT的合成,这种合成作用在静脉注射铜后6-10h开始,于24～48h达到峰值浓度。铜诱导了肝浆液中MT合成以后,不仅Cu-MT浓度增加,而且Zn-MT浓度也增加。因而提示MT上可能存在着至少两个结合部位,一个结合铜,另一个结合锌。     

Male sterility induced in tomato by sodium 2, 3-dichloroisobutyrate

Increasing the pH from 3.0 to 10.8 increased the uterine weight three-fold and the number of positive vaginal smears from 0 to 78 percent in immature rats injected with chorionic gonadotropin in aqueous solution. Activity of a solution held at pH 2.6 and 5 degrees C for 24 hours was restored by neutralization.     

Expression of beta-nerve growth factor receptor mRNA in Sertoli cells downregulated by testosterone

Nerve growth factor (NGF) is synthesized in male germ cells. The NGF receptor (NGFR) mRNA was found in the Sertoli cells of rat testis. Hypophysectomy increased both NGFR mRNA in testis and the number of NGFR hybridizing cells in seminiferous tubules. This was suppressed by treatment with chorionic gonadotropin or testosterone, but not with follicle-stimulating hormone. The NGFR mRNA also increased after destruction of Leydig cells or blocking of the androgen receptor. This suggests that NGF produced by male germ cells regulates testicular function in an androgen-modulated fashion by mediating an interaction germ and Sertoli cells.     

猪副粘病毒感染的电镜诊断及病毒的分离

采用电镜负染技术对长春市某猪场病死仔猪的肠道内容物、肾脏、脾脏、肝脏、肺脏、脑等组织进行了观察.结果在肠道内容物中发现大量副粘病毒,同时在肾脏、肝脏和肺脏中也发现数量不等的副粘病毒,在脾脏和脑组织中未发现病毒粒子.取肾脏为病料,采用同步培养方法接种于PK细胞系进行病毒的分离培养.结果表明,电镜负染技术可对猪感染副粘病毒进行快速诊断,该方法操作程序简便,速度快,从取样到结果判定在1h之内即可完成.细胞分离培养结果证实此病例中的猪副粘病毒可在PK细胞中克隆增殖,并引起细胞典型的病变(CPE).     

The involvement of platelet activating factor in ovulation

Follicle rupture during ovulation is associated with inflammation-like changes. Because platelet activating factor (PAF) participates in the inflammatory process, the effect of a PAF-specific antagonist, BN52021, on the ovulatory response was tested in rats. BN52021, administered locally, inhibited follicle rupture in rats stimulated to ovulate with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). In addition to suppressing rupture of the follicles, this antagonist suppressed the hCG-stimulated increase in ovarian collagenolysis and vascular permeability. The inhibition of ovulation of BN52021 could be reversed by simultaneous administration of PAF. Furthermore, PAF partially reversed the blockage of ovulation by inhibitors of eicosanoid synthesis. Collectively, these results suggest the involvement of PAF in ovulation. Its role seems to be closely related to the metabolism of arachidonic acid. Thus, modulation of PAF action may serve as an additional target for regulation of reproduction via its action on ovulation.     

黄尾鲴不同组织中LDH同工酶的研究

[目的]研究黄尾鲴不同组织的LDH同工酶。[方法]采用垂直板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术和特异性染色方法对黄尾鲴的肝、肾、眼、心4种组织的LDH同工酶进行分析。[结果]酶谱的表达具有明显的组织特异性。酶带由3个基因座位(LDH-A、LDH-B、LDHC)编码,在4种组织中共检测到14条带,其中,心和肾7条带,眼6条带,肝14条带。在PAGE胶趋向阴极侧检测到6条肝脏组织所特有的LDH-C基因编码带。在各组织LDH酶带表达活性上,心中LDH-2、LDH-3和LDH-5表达占优势,肾中LDH-2、LDH-7和LDH-3表达占优势,肝中LDH-13、LDH-9和LDH-12表达占优势,眼中LDH-5、LDH-2和LDH-7表达占优势。[结论]该研究为丰富黄尾鲴遗传学基础研究、遗传育种种质标准的建立和种群生化遗传结构分析提供科学依据。     

2只朱鹮死亡的病理学诊断

对２只死亡朱鹮进行了病理学检查。发现病例１，肝细胞变性，肺淤血，肾小管上皮细胞变性、坏死，间质出血，心肌纤维变性，间质出血，大脑出血，“卫星化”与“噬神经”现象，小脑浦肯野氏细胞坏死，还可见腺胃有大量的结核结节。病理学诊断为结核杆菌引起腹膜炎。病例２，肝细胞变性，肺淤血，肾小管上皮细胞变性、坏死，间质出血，心肌纤维变性，间质出血，肾、心、胰脏均可见到散在分布的球菌。病理学诊断为细菌感染引起败血症。     

异育银鲫各组织器官中细胞色素P450药酶活性的比较

对异育银鲫Carassius auratus gibelio肝胰脏、肾、鳃、肠和肌肉等组织器官中细胞色素P450（CYP450）主要药酶活性进行检测,研究其在异育银鲫各组织中的分布。结果显示：以CO还原差示光谱法测得异育银鲫肝胰脏、肾、鳃、肠、肌肉微拉体的细胞色素P450及b5含量均以肝胰脏微粒体中最高,其次为肾、鳃、肠微粒体,肌肉中最低。以氨基比林N-脱甲基、红霉素N-脱甲基、苯胺-4-羟化反应分别作为CYP2B、CYP3A和CYP2E的探针反应,测得氨基比林N-脱甲基酶（APD）及红霉素N-脱甲基酶（ERND）活性在上述组织中分布差异性类似,均表现为肝胰脏微粒体中最高,分别为（1.668±0.104）、（0.941±0.061）nmol/（min.mg）,其次为肾、鳃、肠微粒体,肌肉微粒体中最低,分别为（0.245±0.011）、（0.078±0.019）nmol/（min.mg）;苯胺-4-羟化酶（AH）活性以肝胰脏微粒体最高,为（0.052±0.009）nmol/（min.mg）,其次为鳃微粒体,肌肉微粒体中最低,不能检出。研究表明,异育银鲫主要组织微粒体中具有细胞色素P450亚型活性,且它们在异育银鲫体内的分布和活性存在着组织和器官差异性,以肝胰脏组织中的含量和活性为最高。     

经注射接种的LPS在异育银鲫体内的分布

从柱状嗜纤维菌(Cytophaga columnaris)中提取脂多糖(LPS)，并制备荧光标记的大白鼠抗LPS抗体。经异育银鲫的胸鳍基部注射LPS后，应用免疫荧光抗体技术，观察了LPS在受免鱼的肾、脾、肝和鳃等组织中的动态分布。结果表明，注射接种LPSlh后，试验鱼的肾、脾和肝脏组织切片中即有荧光出现，3h后在试验鱼的鳃组织切片中也有荧光出现。说明接种的LPS在1h内就已经进入试验鱼的肾、脾和肝脏，而在3h内LPS进入了鳃组织。接种LPS48h后，LPS在试验鱼的脾、肝和鳃组织中消失，组织切片中已经观察不到荧光现象，而在肾组织中尚有LPS存在。     

骤冷对虎纹蛙和中华大蟾蜍不同组织中MDA含量和SOD活性的影响及比较

[目的]探讨骤冷对虎纹蛙(Hoplobatrachus chinensis)和中华大蟾蜍(Bufo gargarizans)不同组织中丙二醛(Malonaldehy,MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(Superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性的影响。[方法]采用低温恒温培养箱进行冷暴露试验,研究了骤冷6 h分别对虎纹蛙和中华大蟾蜍肝脏、肠和肾脏MDA含量及SOD活性的影响,并比较骤冷6 h对虎纹蛙和中华大蟾蜍肝脏、肠和肾脏MDA含量及SOD活性的影响。[结果]骤冷刺激后虎纹蛙肝脏、肠和肾脏中MDA含量不变,SOD活性均降低。骤冷刺激后中华大蟾蜍肝脏中MDA含量不变,肠和肾脏中MDA含量增加;肝脏中SOD活性下降,肠组织中SOD活性增大,肾脏中SOD活性不变。对比骤冷对虎纹蛙和中华大蟾蜍肝脏、肠和肾脏中MDA含量和SOD活性的影响,发现中华大蟾蜍的肝脏、肠和肾脏中MDA的相对含量和SOD的相对活性均高于虎纹蛙的肝脏、肠和肾脏中MDA的相对含量和SOD的相对活性。[结论]在遇到骤冷刺激时虎纹蛙的氧化压力和抗氧化能力均低于中华大蟾蜍。     

岩原鲤三种同工酶的组织特异性研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳,对岩原鲤(Procypris rabaudi)6种组织(眼、脑、心、肝、肾、肌肉)的乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)、酯酶(EST)3种同工酶进行了初步研究,并对其位点及酶谱表型进行了分析.结果表明,岩原鲤3种同工酶系统具有不同程度的组织特异性.LDH检测到由3个基因位点编码,Ldh-C位点仅在肝脏组织中表达:s-MDH在6种组织中均有表达,其中在肝脏和肾脏中的活性表达较强,m-MDH在脑、心脏、肾脏和肌肉4种组织中均有表达;EST检测到由5个基因位点编码,其同工酶酶谱复杂,Est-2为6种组织的共有谱带,在肝脏中的活性表达较强.