肠炎沙门氏菌对感染鸡部分血液生化指标的影响

[目的]探索肠炎沙门氏菌对感染鸡部分血液生化指标的影响。[方法]以肠炎沙门氏菌感染12日龄的健康三黄肉鸡为材料,在感染后不同时间采集其颈静脉血,分离血清用于生化指标检测。[结果]感染鸡血清AST、ALT、LDH和GLU活性呈先升高后降低的变化趋势。血清ALP活性、ALB和GLO含量总体呈先降低后升高的变化趋势。除TP无显著变化外,感染鸡血清其他7项生化指标都发生显著变化（P〉0．05）。其中ALT、AKP、LDH和GLO活性在感染后显著升高（P〈0．01）,ALB活性显著降低（P〈0．05）。[结论]该研究为揭示肠炎沙门氏茼感染病的发生、发展规律及制定综合防治措施提供了依据。     

荧光抗体对水貂链球菌病诊断的研究

为了把荧光抗体诊断法应用于水貂链球菌病的诊断,用兔抗水貂链球菌荧光抗体检测了20例人工感染,10例自然感染和10例健康水貂的实质脏器。人工感染水貂脾脏检出率为100％(20/20),肝脏和心脏各为55％(11/20),自然感染水貂脾脏、肝脏和心脏检出率均为100％(10/10),其他脏器不易检出病原体。对照组建康水貂各实质脏器均呈阴性反应。试验结果表明:水貂的脾脏、肝脏和心脏可作为直接免疫荧光抗体检测的首选器官。应用此法检测病料可在2小时内报告病原学诊断结果。     

内蒙古地区猪弓浆虫病的血清学调查

本文报道了猪弓浆虫病在自治区的血清学调查情况。我们共抽检全区１１个盟市的４８个旗县的３４６７头份猪血清,使用间接血凝试验,共检出阳性猪血清４７０头份,阳性率１３．５６％,其中只有８个旗县抽检的猪血清检验为阴性。     

A serological test for leprosy with a glycolipid specific for Mycobacterium leprae

A phenolic glycolipid from Mycobacterium leprae was purified and used as antigen in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antibodies directed against the lipid were seen in serums from leprosy patients but not in serums from uninfected controls or patients infected with other mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The antibody response distinguished between the Mycobacterium leprae lipid and the structurally related phenolic glycolipid from Mycobacterium kansasii. This assay has considerable potential as a specific serodiagnostic test for leprosy infection.     

Sarcocystis in mice inoculated with toxoplasma-like oocysts from cat feces

Sarcocysts morphologically similar to Sarcocystis muris were observed in mice after inoculation with Toxoplasma-like oocysts found in feces of a stray cat. Cats that were fed mice infected with the oocysts shed similar oocysts in their feces. Sarcocysts were found histologically in about 50 percent of mice inoculated with 40,000 or more oocysts and examined 42 days or longer after exposure. Most inoculated mice developed low Toxoplasma dye-test antibody titers 3 to 4 weeks after exposure, but Toxoplasma antibody was usually not detectable in infected cats.     

水貂阿留申病碘凝集反应与对流免疫电泳对比试验

貂阿留申病是危害养貂业健康发展最严重的传染病之一.到目前为止,尚无有效防治办法,主要依靠定期的诊断、检疫,淘汰病貂,逐步净化貂群.随机采取辽宁某貂场一岁预留母貂血液样本,采用对流免疫电泳试验（CEP）和碘凝集试验（IAT）对所采集的46份血清样本进行检测.结果表明,水貂阿留申病IAT阳性率为67.39％,CEP阳性率为76.09％,CEP阳性率明显高于IAT检测结果.     

口蹄疫病毒3AB试剂盒的检测及比较

以重组口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白3AB为检测抗原,研制了口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白ELISA检测试剂盒,该试剂盒可用于判定被检动物是否感染口蹄疫病毒。重组口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白3AB作为检测抗原包被酶标板反应孔,以辣根过氧化物酶标记的重组蛋白A/G作为第二抗体,建立了抗非结构蛋白抗体检测的方法。结果表明,在1 746份免疫猪血清中,3AB-ELISA对免疫猪血清的特异性为98.68%;在1 077份健康非免疫猪血清中,3AB-ELISA对健康非免疫猪血清的特异性为98.68%;在36份人工感染猪血清中,3AB-ELISA对阳性检出率为100%。而牛的特异性的各项指标和阳性检出率分别为94.04%,97.96%和100%。猪/牛口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白酶联免疫吸附试验检测试剂盒与国外同类试剂盒比较,阳性检出率高出12.5个百分点。     

Mouse complement: influence of sex hormones on its activity

Sex hormones influence the hemolytic of one or more of the late-acting components of complement measured in the presence of trisodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate. The titers of the serums of male mice, normally tenfold higher than those of females, fell after castration, becoming about the same as those of females. The titers of the serums from females rose after these mice were castrated, but castration did not affect the activities of the first, second, and fourth components of complement. Serums of normal and castrated mice of both sexes treated with testosterone showed increased late-acting component activity, whereas the estrogen caused decreased activity. Treatment in vitro of mouse serum with these hormones had no effect on the activity of late-acting components.     

鸸鹋油纳米乳剂对急性高脂血症小鼠血脂的影响

采用微射流技术制备鸸鹋油纳米乳,研究其对高脂饲料诱导的急性高脂血症模型小鼠血脂的影响,并评价鸸鹋油纳米乳的辅助降血脂功能。以昆明种小鼠为实验动物,采用腹腔注射75%蛋黄乳剂建立高脂血症模型,口服灌胃不同剂量的鸸鹋油纳米乳（按鸸鹋油剂量计,分别为1 mL/kg、2 mL/kg、3 mL/kg）,给药结束后分离小鼠血清,测定血清中甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）含量。结果显示采用微射流方法成功制备得到粒径较小且粒度分布均一的鸸鹋油纳米乳;服药后,高脂血模型组与正常对照组相比较, TG、TC明显升高（P＜0.001)、HDL-C变化不明显（P＞0.05);与模型组比较,鸸鹋油纳米乳剂组TG、TC含量降低,且呈剂量依赖性,高剂量组最为明显（P＜0.01),而且与鸸鹋油对照组比较,作用更为明显,表明制备的鸸鹋油纳米乳具有辅助降血脂功能。     

Serum hepatitis antigen (SH): rapid detection by high voltage immunoelectroosmophoresis

An immunoelectroosmophoretic technique for rapid detection of the antigen (SH) associated with the serum hepatitis virus has been devised. The technique maintains the specificity characteristic of the Ouchterlony gel-diffusion method, yet detects in 1 to 2 hours one-tenth the amount of antigen required for gel diffusion. The test has immediate application to blood-banking practice since it permits the screening of such labile products as platelets and fresh whole blood, and the detection of antigen in additional serums negative by the Ouchterlony technique.     

Hepatitis B virus antigen: validation and immunologic characterization of low-titer serums with 125 I-antibody

Radioimmunnoassay was used to determine the serologic subspecificities of 85 blood donor serums positive for hepatitis B virus-associated antigen. There was complete agreement with results obtained by immunoprecipitatiotn of 43 serums. The remaining 42 serums were negative by immunoprecipitation but followed type-specific immunology by radioimmunoassay, and this served as a validation for authentic hepatitis B virus antigen.     

河南某鸡场地方品种鸡禽白血病病毒感染状态检测

为了解河南某鸡场地方品种鸡禽白血病病毒(Avian Leukosis Virus,ALV)感染状态,采集该鸡场绿壳蛋鸡、青脚麻鸡和固始鸡的泄殖腔棉拭子、蛋清和血清,利用ELISA方法检测泄殖腔棉拭子、蛋清和血清样品中的ALV-p27抗原及血清样品中ALV-A/B和ALV-J抗体的水平,同时采集其血液接种DF-1细胞进行外源性ALV的分离鉴定。结果表明,绿壳蛋鸡泄殖腔棉拭子、蛋清和血清中的ALV-p27抗原阳性率分别为23.55%、11.96%和26.63%,血清中ALV-A/B和ALV-J抗体的阳性率分别为30.43%和16.85%,外源性ALV的分离阳性率为13.04%;青脚麻鸡泄殖腔棉拭子、蛋清和血清中抗原阳性率分别为10.99%、5.43%和22.83%,血清中ALV-A/B和ALV-J抗体的阳性率分别为18.48%和6.52%,外源性ALV的分离阳性率为8.00%;固始鸡泄殖腔棉拭子、蛋清和血清中抗原阳性率分别为21.07%、12.32%和25.00%,血清中ALVA/B和ALV-J抗体的阳性率分别为28.26%和17.39%,外源性ALV的分离阳性率为12.50%。表明3个地方品种鸡都不同程度地感染外源性ALV,且可能存在ALV-A/B和ALV-J 2种或3种亚群同时感染。     

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis: production of antibody by "tolerant" infected mice

Newborn mice infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus are not immunologically tolerant to the agent but, rather, appear to make antibody to the virus. This antibody was detectable only in the kidneys, where presumably it had been deposited in the glomeruli in the form of complexes of antibody, virus, and complement.     

家兔血清LDH同工酶电泳分析

利用不连续梯度聚丙烯酰胺圆盘凝胶电泳，对８个家兔品种血清的ＬＤＨ同工酶进行电泳分析表明，家兔血清中的５种ＬＤＨ同工酶酶谱的区带分布具有种的特异性；以Ｂ亚基占优势，Ａ，Ｂ亚基的比率可反映家兔的亲缘关系，并据此对家兔品种组合杂种优势进行了估测。     

ELISA法筛选抗新孢子虫中药的研究(英文)

[Objective] The study was to screen the Chinese medicines with good resistance to Neospora caninum. [Method] Healthy Kunming mice pretreated with methylprednisolone for the purpose of immunity decrease were randomly divided into 15 groups, and each mouse was intraperitoneally inoculated with 1.0 ×104 N. caninum. Four hours later, the mice were gavaged with various Chinese medicines. Seven days post-administration, eyeball blood sampling was conducted and the serum was used for antibody level detection with ELISA method. [Result] Four among the 15 Chinese medicines showed lower antibody positive rates. [Conclusion] Scutellaria baicalensis, Stemona sessilifolia, Gastrodia elata and Coptis chinensis could enhance the immunity level of mice infected by N. caninum.     

ELISA法筛选抗新孢子虫中药的研究

[目的]筛选抗新孢子虫效果较好的中药。[方法]取健康昆明种小鼠,投服甲基氢化泼尼松,使其免疫力下降,然后随机分组,每只小鼠腹腔接种1.0×104个新孢子虫虫体,接种4 h后,各组小鼠灌服不同中药。给药7 d后,小白鼠眼球采血,收集血清,应用ELISA法检测其抗体水平。[结果]15个中药组中有4个中药组抗体阳性率较低。[结论]黄芩、百部、天麻、黄连可以提高感染新孢子虫小白鼠的免疫水平。     

猪附红细胞体病BALB/c小鼠模型的建立

为了解现阶段延边地区猪附红细胞体的致病性,以注射地塞米松和摘除脾脏的BALB/c小鼠为实验动物,以腹腔注射方式人工感染猪附红细胞体,通过临床症状观察、血液涂片姬姆萨染色镜检及PCR方法对BALB/c小鼠感染猪附红细胞体情况进行鉴定,并进行血液常规检测。结果表明,注射地塞米松组、摘除脾脏组和正常感染组BALB/c小鼠在感染后8～10d相继达到高峰,正常感染组BALB/c小鼠在感染后第24天猪附红细胞体消失,注射地塞米松组在感染后第32天消失,而摘除脾脏组在试验结束时仍具有较高的感染率。经血液常规检测,各组BALB/c小鼠在感染猪附红细胞体后,白细胞总数显著升高(P<0.01),淋巴细胞总数、红细胞总数、血红蛋白含量均显著下降(P<0.05),红细胞比容显著下降(P<0.01)。因此,猪附红细胞体对低免疫力的BALB/c小鼠具有一定感染性,并表现出典型临床症状。     

Production of hemadsorption-negative areas by serums containing Australia antigen

Exposure of human Wi-38 cells to human serums containing Australia antigen, and presumably serum hepatitis virus, renders the cells refractory to infection by Newcastle disease virus as detected by the hemadsorption-negative plaque test for intrinsic interference. Induction of the Newcastle disease virus refractory state could be passed in cell culture with up to a 1 : 100,000 dilution of material obtained from cells "infected" with serums containing Australia antigen after filtration (0.45-microm pores) and heating to 60 degrees C for 1 hour. Human antiserums to the Australia antigen prevented induction of the Newcastle disease virus refractory state.     

Glycoproteins as biological antifreeze agents in antarctic fishes

The blood serums of Antarctic fishes freeze at -2 degrees C, which is approximately 1 degrees C below the melting points of their serums. This thermal hysteresis is due to the influence of serum glycoproteins. The temperatures of freezing and melting of aqueous solutions of the purified glycoproteins suggest that this thermal hysteresis results from the adsorption of the glycoprotein molecule onto the surface of ice crystals.     

健康水貂与自咬症水貂血清中金属元素的测定

用原子吸收光谱分析法,测定了健康水貂与自咬症水貂血清中铁、锌、铜、钙、镁、钾、钠、钴、镍、铬、镉、锰等十二种金属元素的含量,除后五种元素未能直接测出外,其余七种元素在健康水貂与自咬症水貂血清中的含量,其差异均不显著(P>0.05),所以,认为水貂自咬症的发生与上述七种金属元素在血清中的含量无关,其所测得的值均可作为水貂正常含量的指标。这七种金属元素在血清中的含量是:Fe 2.766ppm、Zn 3.482ppm、Cu 1.492ppm、Ca 163.4ppm、Mg 31.57ppm、K 313.2ppm、Na 3029.2ppmm。