共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
为揭示传入中国的香蕉穿孔线虫群体间的遗传差异,分析其亲缘和进化关系,明确中国香蕉穿孔线虫的来源和传入途径,分别扩增了多雌繁殖群体和相应种群的单雌繁殖群体后代rDNA-ITS,对扩增产物进行测序,通过序列比对分析其遗传变异,并构建系统发育树研究其亲缘和进化关系。结果表明:供试香蕉穿孔线虫20个种群的rDNA-ITS序列大小为705~713bp,序列同源性比较高,相似性在95%以上,序列变异率为0~7.5%;各群体ITS1和ITS2序列大小分别为273~276bp和151~152bp,各种群间的序列相似性分别达到98.58%和98.35%以上;单雌繁殖群体与相应的多雌繁殖群体的序列相似性非常高,有8个种群的2个繁殖群体序列相似性达到100%,其他种群的2个繁殖群体序列相似性达97%以上;基于ITS序列构建穿孔属线虫的系统发育树说明,所有香蕉穿孔线虫聚在一个大枝,分成4小分枝,其中寄主为红掌的RsW种群单独聚为一枝,遗传距离较远,寄主为绿宝石的RsH遗传距离相对其他种群也较远,寄主分别为天鹅绒竹芋和孔雀竹芋的RsP和RsS种群的遗传距离则相对较近,这说明传入中国的香蕉穿孔线虫种群可能直接来源是欧洲的竹芋科和天南星科观赏植物,而前者的最初来源可能是苏丹的香蕉,后者的最初地理来源较复杂。 相似文献
2.
[目的]对寄生于柑橘与杉木2种寄主的柑橘半穿刺线虫种群的rDNA-ITS区(ITS1-5.8S-ITS2)及形态变异进行研究,分析种群间遗传多态性及其亲缘关系.[方法]对采自中国3个省份(福建、四川、贵州)柑橘产区的21个柑橘半穿刺线虫种群(柑橘种群)及福建省杉木林区的6个柑橘半穿刺线虫种群(杉木种群)的ITS区进行PCR扩增、克隆与测序,通过相关软件进行序列比对与系统发育分析;对3个柑橘种群及1个杉木种群进行形态特征测计分析.[结果]柑橘半穿刺线虫的柑橘种群与杉木种群相比,ITSI序列相似性为93.2%-99.3%,ITS2序列相似性为92.4%-100%;基于ITS序列构建的系统发育树,所有杉木种群与福建省部分柑橘种群处于同一进化主分枝.4个柑橘半穿刺线虫种群间部分测量值存在显著差异,补充描述了种群内二龄幼虫尾部形态变异类型.[结论]柑橘半穿刺线虫柑橘种群和杉木种群在rDNA-ITS序列相似性高,序列差异不能用于种群的区分;杉木种群与福建部分柑橘种群在进化上可能有相同的地理起源.种群间部分测量值的显著差异及二龄幼虫尾部变异应属于种群正常变异. 相似文献
3.
在温室采用盆栽接种的方法,测定了10个香蕉穿孔线虫观赏植物种群对生姜和甘蔗的致病性.结果表明:香蕉穿孔线虫寄生生姜和甘蔗后,造成植株根部变色坏死、腐烂,生长受到抑制;香焦穿孔线虫在生姜和甘蔗根际的繁殖率Rf均大于1;生姜和甘蔗是香蕉穿孔线虫的适合寄主,供试的香蕉穿孔线虫种群均能侵染生姜和甘蔗,但不同寄主和地理来源的香蕉穿孔线虫种群对生姜和甘蔗的致病性有差异. 相似文献
4.
5.
以10g/L琼脂粉培养基为对照,研究筛选了新的培养基.新筛选的100g/L马蹄粉培养基、100g/L玉米粉培养基和100g/L菱角粉培养基可以培养用于繁殖香蕉穿孔线虫的胡萝卜愈伤组织.其中100g/L马蹄粉培养基和100g/L玉米粉培养基培养的胡萝卜愈伤组织繁殖香蕉穿孔线虫的效果较好,而100g/L马蹄粉培养基培养周期短、速度快、成本低,可以用于代替琼脂粉培养基培养胡萝卜愈伤组织来繁殖香蕉穿孔线虫.香蕉穿孔线虫不同种群的繁殖力存在明显差异,本研究的10个种群中,来源于红掌的RH1种群的繁殖力最强. 相似文献
6.
相似穿孔线虫PCR检测鉴定的技术与方法 总被引:3,自引:5,他引:3
运用PCR技术,实现了对相似穿孔线虫单条虫ITS区域的扩增,通过基因测序以及与GenBank中rDNA序列的比较,结果显示GFCh、HANh、GZll和GZlbs 4个种群的序列与GenBank中Radopholus similisThrone序列具有高度同源性。聚类分析表明,这4个种群可能有着不同的地理来源。 相似文献
7.
香蕉穿孔线虫观赏植物种群对香蕉的致病性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
【目的】为了明确香蕉穿孔线虫(Radopholus similis)观赏植物种群对香蕉(Musa spp.)的致病性。【方法】通过室内盆栽接种测试的方法,研究侵入中国的6个香蕉穿孔线虫观赏植物种群对大蕉、粉蕉、皇帝蕉和巴西蕉的幼苗的致病性。【结果】供试的6个香蕉穿孔线虫观赏植物种群都能明显侵染大蕉、粉蕉和皇帝蕉,并显著抑制大蕉、粉蕉和皇帝蕉的生长;只有2个种群对巴西蕉表现为弱致病,对其生长有一定的抑制。【结论】侵入中国的6个香蕉穿孔线虫观赏植物种群普遍对大蕉、粉蕉和皇帝蕉有明显的致病性,少数种群对巴西蕉有一定的致病作用。 相似文献
8.
【目的】建立直接从多种线虫混合样品以及香蕉和红掌根组织中检测鉴定香蕉穿孔线虫的PCR方法。【方法】使用Primer Premier 5.0在香蕉穿孔线虫的ITS区设计1对特异性引物,运用PCR技术对目的线虫DNA进行特异性检测。【结果】通过对17种24个种群线虫的检测表明,所设计的引物只能从香蕉穿孔线虫种群中特异扩增出rDNA-ITS片段,产物大小为518 bp。利用该特异引物以及建立的DNA提取方法和PCR体系,可以直接从香蕉穿孔线虫与短体线虫、螺旋线虫、肾状线虫、根结线虫、茎线虫、矮化线虫、纽带线虫、丝尾垫刃线虫、滑刃线虫和小杆线虫混合样品中特异扩增出目的线虫的rDNA-ITS片段,并可以分别从混合有不少于3条香蕉穿孔线虫的2 cm香蕉或红掌根组织(约0.1 g)中特异检测出目的线虫的DNA片段。【结论】本研究设计的特异性引物以及建立的DNA提取方法和PCR体系可直接从多种线虫混合的样品以及香蕉和红掌根组织中快速检测鉴定出香蕉穿孔线虫。 相似文献
9.
采用胡萝卜片愈伤组织接种培养法,在室内条件下对供试香蕉穿孔线虫10个种群的耐寒性进行了测定.结果表明,在12℃和10℃低温下分别处理15 d、25 d、35 d后,供试香蕉穿孔线虫各种群生活力虽然有所下降,但仍然能够保持一定的繁殖能力;而在8℃时,各种群生存能力明显下降,有些种群无法在此温度下存活.8℃处理15 d后,Rs6种群无法存活;处理25 d后,Rs 2种群亦无法存活;处理35 d后,Rs8、Rs4种群无法存活.Rs1、Rs3、Rs5、Rs7、Rs9和Rs10等6个种群在8℃低温下处理35 d后仍然能够存活. 相似文献
10.
11.
Disorganization of cultured vascular endothelial cell monolayers by fibrinogen fragment D 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Fibrinogen fragment D, which is heterogeneous, has several important biological functions. Human fibrinogen fragments D94 (molecular weight, 94,000), D78 (78,000), and E (52,000) were purified. Fragments D78 and D94 but not purified fibrinogen or fragment E specifically caused disorganization of bovine aortic endothelial cells cultured as monolayers. Within 2 hours of exposure to pathophysiological concentrations of fragment D, the confluent endothelial cells retracted from each other and projected pseudopodia. These disturbed cells subsequently became rounded and detached from the substrate. The actin present in stress fibers in stationary monolayer cells was diffusely redistributed in cells with fragment D-induced alterations in morphology. This effect was not observed in monolayers of kidney epithelial cells. The results demonstrate a specific effect of fibrinogen fragment D on the disorganization of cultured vascular endothelial cell monolayers and suggest that fragment D plays a role in the pathogenesis of syndromes with vascular endothelial damage. 相似文献
12.
为探索地基激光雷达数据在植物真实三维建模上的应用,研究基于MeshLab软件的三维Alpha-Shape算法和移动立方体算法进行玉米植株三维真实模型的重建。三维Alpha-Shape算法基于离散激光雷达点云构建Delaunay三角网,通过Alpha值的设置判断各单纯形是否保留,完成玉米植株三维重建。移动立方体算法则通过查找每个体素与等值面相交的交面,所有交面连在一起即为所求的等值面。Alpha值分别设置为0.006 290、0.012 638、0.018 635,采用Alpha-Shape算法进行单株玉米三维重建,试验结果表明:当Alpha值设置较小时,对玉米叶片、茎秆等细节信息表达的比较精细,但许多叶片中间不连续;Alpha值设置较大时,对玉米植株细节信息表达不精细。基于移动立方体算法重建出的玉米植株曲面较为光滑,且孔洞较少,但重建结果不完整。 相似文献
13.
14.
使用可视化编程语言IDL开发了三维空间分析模块Analysis3D,系统实现了部分三维地理信息系统的功能,并进一步使三维地理信息系统迈向了虚拟现实。在系统的实现过程中利用IDL坐标系统的转换功能,成功地将外部数据可视化;实现了三维数据的实时获取,并解决了三维实体空间编辑与操作的实际问题,实现多视角多分辨率的观察。根据地理信息系统空间分析的相应算法,实现空间分析与立体量测,所有过程均在三维空间中完成;同时完成了三维空间中提取等高线,以及自动标注等高线功能。最后,实现了三维交互式浏览,得到良好的视觉效果。 相似文献
15.
在现有的二维电子地图数据基础上,提出可视化移动3D建模思想,并采用实时三维场景仿真工具Vega、可视化开发工具Visual C#和GIS控件Map Object进行集成,开发了可视化移动3D地图仿真系统。实验结果表明,该系统具有交互速度快、性能稳定的优点。 相似文献
16.
17.
Jing Yin Guangjin Wang Fengming Ma Hongji Zhang Jialei Xiao Yan Sun Yanling Diao Jinghua Huang Qiang Guo 《Frontiers of Agriculture in China》2008,2(2):131-136
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici is one of the main diseases of wheat worldwide. Wheat mutant line D51, which forms a highly susceptive cultivar ‘L6239’ to
the three races notated and cultured with immature embryos, shows resistance to prevailing races 21C3CPH, 21C3CKH, and 21C3CTR
of P. graminis f. sp. tritici in China. In this study, the number and the expression stages of the resistance genes in mutant D51 were studied using inoculation
identification and microsatellite (SSR) marker analysis. Two F1 populations from the crosses of D51 × L6239 (60 individuals) and D51 × Chinese Spring (60 individuals), their F2 populations (185 and 175 individuals respectively) at the seedling stage, and one F2 population derived from the cross of D51 × L6239 (194 individuals) at the adult stage were inoculated with pathogen race
21C3CPH to test for resistance. All F1 individuals of the two crosses were immune to stem rust at both seedling and adult stages. The response pattern of the three
F2 populations showed that the R:S segregation ratio was 3:1, suggesting that the stem rust resistance of D51 is controlled
by a single dominant gene, and is expressed during the entire growth period. The identification of the stem rust resistance
by the F3 progeny test confirmed the credibility of the F2 population test. Segregating populations and small population analyses were used to identify chromosomal regions and molecular
markers linked to the gene by the SSR marker method. A total of 675 SSR markers and 185 individuals of the D516L6239 F2 population
were used to search genetically linked markers to the target gene. Using Mapmaker 3.0 and Map-draw with Kosambi’s function
and other options set at default values, molecular mapping revealed that the gene was located on chromosome 5DS, linked with
and flanked by two SSR markers, Xgwm190 and Xwmc150, at 18.58 and 21.33 cM, respectively. It has been reported that only one
stem rust resistant gene, Sr30, is located on the wheat chromosome 5DL, and that it has no resistance to 34C2MKK and 34C2MFK, while the parent L6239 of
mutant D51 has no resistance to 21C3CPH, 21C3CTK and 21C3CTR, but has resistance to 34C2MKK and 34C2MFK. The results above
indicate that the gene identified in the study might be a novel resistance gene to stem rust, tentatively designated as SrD51.
__________
Translated from Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2007, 33(8): 1262–1266 [译自: 作物学报] 相似文献