大豆低植酸突变体Gm-lpa-ZC-2的精细定位

降低大豆植酸含量对于改善大豆营养品质极其重要。通过诱变的方法筛选到大豆低植酸突变体Gm-lpa-ZC-2,经典遗传学分析表明：其突变性状由隐性单基因所控制,并被定位在大豆连锁群B2上。试验在大豆低植酸突变体Gm-lpa-ZC-2初步定位的基础上,通过构建较大的遗传群体,运用生物信息学发展新的连锁标记,结合大豆基因组学和传统定位的方法,进行突变基因的精确定位。结果表明：位于大豆B2连锁群上的Gm-lpa-ZC-2突变基因,与连锁标记Satt168和Satt416的遗传距离远大于初步定位的结果,为18.2 cM;在此基础上,利用大豆基因组序列信息,在Satt168标记的上游序列与目的基因之间的染色体片段,4 900～8 200 kb的区域中,发掘到9对在遗传群体亲本间具有多态性的SSR引物;其中SSR位点psm lpa-224,psm lpa-225和psm lpa-226与目的基因的距离仅为0.8 cM,实现了突变基因的精细定位。     

大豆细胞质雄性不育恢复基因的SSR标记定位

利用组合不育系SXJLCMS1A×恢复系Z-119-99构建F_2育性分离群体,进行育性的遗传模式分析和恢复基因定位。结果表明,F_1群体全为可育株,F_2群体的可育株与半不育株经卡方测验符合1∶1的分离比例,说明该大豆细胞质雄性不育符合单基因配子体不育的遗传模式;利用F_2分离群体,采用445对大豆SSR引物对其恢复基因进行分子标记和定位,结果发现,该恢复基因与J连锁群的2个标记Satt674和Satt249连锁,距2个标记的遗传距离分别为8.7,9.6 c M。     

大豆细胞质雄性不育恢复基因的标记定位

利用三系法生产大豆杂交种能够有效提高大豆产量。为挖掘大豆三系育性恢复基因,利用大豆细胞质雄性不育系SXCMS1A与恢复系AHH-8构建F2育性分离群体,开展不育系育性遗传分析及育性恢复基因初定位研究。结果表明,F1群体花粉镜检为半不育,成熟期植株结实正常;F2群体花粉镜检可育株与半不育株的分离比为1∶1,成熟期植株结实正常无不育株,从而推测该大豆细胞质雄性不育系为单基因配子体不育。利用SSR标记对F2群体进行分析,获得了位于D1a连锁群上的2个与恢复基因紧密连锁的标记Satt184和Satt267,遗传距离分别为17.3,10.2 c M。因此,将恢复基因定位于D1a连锁群上,可为下一步精确定位恢复基因奠定基础。     

大豆高油酸、低亚麻酸性状的分子标记

文章利用高油酸大豆N98-9445A与低亚麻酸大豆哈91016杂交获得的F2代群体,用500对SSR引物对油酸和亚麻酸进行基因定位,其中多态性标记有124个。QTL分析结果表明,控制大豆油酸含量的QTL位于连锁群MLG G、MLG D1b上的Satt394和Satt172上,其LOD值分别为3.2436和4.0158,Satt394与Satt012的距离是12.01cM,Satt172与Satt274的距离是14.01cM;其对油酸含量的贡献率分别为9.02%和14.86%。控制大豆亚麻酸含量的QTL位点位于连锁群MLG K、MLG A2上的Satt381和Satt424上,LOD值分别为2.65和3.01,Satt381与Satt394的距离是18.06cM,Satt424与Satt097的距离是5.13cM;其对亚麻酸的贡献率分别为11.03%和7.89%。     

大豆对大豆疫霉菌株Pm14抗性的遗传分析及基因定位

 【目的】研究大豆对大豆疫霉菌株Pm14的遗传模式,并对其抗性基因进行定位。【方法】采用下胚轴创伤接种方法进行抗性鉴定,利用苏88-M21与新沂小黑豆构建的重组自交系群体进行遗传分析,并通过SSR技术结合BSA方法对苏88-M21的抗性基因进行定位。【结果】苏88-M21对大豆疫霉菌株Pm14的抗性由1对主效基因控制,抗病对感病表现为显性。通过分子作图,将抗性基因RpsSu定位于大豆分子遗传图谱O连锁群微卫星标记Satt358和Sat_242之间,与这2个标记的遗传距离分别为3.5 cM和7.4 cM。【结论】苏88-M21对大豆疫霉菌株Pm14的抗性是由1对单显性基因控制的,并将在苏88-M21发现的抗性基因RpsSu定位于O连锁群。     

大豆皂甙含量的QTL分析

利用高皂甙含量大豆材料和低皂甙含量大豆材料为亲本组配F2群体,以SSR分子标记技术对F2代群体与皂甙含量相关的QTL进行定位,以便为选育高皂甙含量的特种大豆品种提供理论依据。利用皂甙含量高的哈91016与皂甙含量低的N98-9445A大豆杂交获得的F2代群体,用500对SSR引物对大豆皂甙含量进行QTL定位,其中多态性标记有106个。QTL分析结果表明,控制大豆皂甙含量的QTL分别位于连锁群MLG K、MLG D1a上的Sat_044和Satt580附近,其LOD值分别为2.09和2.87,Sat_044与Satt102的遗传距离是11.4 cM,Satt580与Sat_036的遗传距离是18.7 cM;其对皂甙含量的贡献率分别为12.6%和15.8%。     

基于元分析的大豆成熟期单片段代换系鉴定与QTL定位

【目的】大豆成熟期是由多基因控制的数量性状,是影响大豆产量和适应性的重要性状。研究大豆成熟期单片段代换系遗传规律,鉴定分析大豆成熟期的主效QTL。【方法】以大豆红丰11为受体和回交亲本,以15个国内外大豆核心种质为供体亲本,构建回交导入系群体,基于元分析的大豆成熟期（R8）“真实QTL”SSR标记进行单片段代换系鉴定,利用“图示基因型法”计算导入片段和代换作图法鉴定大豆成熟期QTL,用单标记法鉴定成熟期重要QTL。【结果】在C2、L连锁群上检测到16种导入片段,C2连锁群检测到7种导入片段,导入片段总长度为9.8 cM。L连锁群检测到9种导入片段,导入片段总长度为37.212 cM;在C2和L连锁群上共检测出8个成熟期QTL,根据前人的研究,在L连锁群上有2个QTL即Sat_010、Satt156是E4/e4的特异SSR标记;在8个成熟期QTL中用单标记法鉴定了5个有关大豆成熟期重要SSR标记Sat_238、Satt460、Sct_010、Satt166、Sat_113;确定了单片段Satt460缩短大豆生育期,单片段Sat_238、Sct_010、Sat_113延迟大豆生育期。【结论】基于元分析的成熟期2个导入位点C2、L连锁群上检测到16种单片段,用代换作图法共检测出8个成熟期QTL,用单标记法鉴定了5个有关大豆成熟期重要SSR标记Sat_238、Satt460、Sct_010、Satt166、Sat_113。确定单片段Satt460与缩短大豆生育期有关,单片段Sat_238、Sct_010、Sat_113与延迟大豆生育期有关。     

大豆灰斑病1号生理小种抗性基因的SSR标记

针对中国大豆灰斑病1号生理小种,以抗所有生理小种的品系东农40566为母本,以感所有生理小种的品种东农410为父本配制杂交组合,杂交得到F2代后连续自交3代得到F5代群体.该群体经人工接种灰斑病1号生理小种后,利用BSA法对500个SSR标记进行筛选.其中3个标记Satt565、SOYGPATR和Satt396在抗、感池间表现出稳定的多态性,并且在F2代个体中表现出抗性与多态性协同分离的趋势.3个标记与抗性基因的连锁顺序为Satt565-SOYGPATR-Hrcs1-Satt396,其与抗性基因的连锁距离分别为12.7、6.5、14.7 cM.推测抗大豆灰斑病1号生理小种的基因可能位于C1连锁群上.     

大豆SMV1株系抗病基因的SSR标记和分子辅助鉴定

本研究在大豆SMV1株系抗性的遗传分析基础上,筛选与抗病基因紧密连锁的SSR标记,并探讨分子标记辅助选择在大豆花叶病毒病抗病育种中的应用价值.利用合丰25×东农93-046的F1、F2和F2:3群体进行了抗病性鉴定,结果表明:F1植株在接种后表现抗病,经χ2测验,F2群体分离比例为3(抗):1(感);对F2代衍生的F2:3家系接种鉴定,纯合抗病家系、抗感分离家系和纯合感病家系的比率符合1:2:1,表明东农93-046对SMV1株系的成株抗性受一对显性基因控制.并利用东农93-046×Conrad的正反交组合F2代进行抗性鉴定,结果正反交后代均表现为31的分离比例,无细胞质效应,进一步证明了东农93-046是受一对显性基因控制的抗性亲本材料.利用改良的BSA法,通过600对SSR引物对合丰25×东农93-046组合的225个F2单株进行筛选,获得6个与抗SMV1株系相关的SSR标记,抗病基因RSMV1定位在F连锁群上,6个SSR标记与抗病基因的连锁顺序为HSP176—Satt114—RSMV1—Satt510—Sct_033—Satt334—Satt362,连锁距离分别为6.6cM—4.3cM—RSMV1—6.6cM—5.1cM—6.3cM—17.3cM.利用6个分子标对70份种质资源进行检测,结果表明:HSP176标记对抗病毒资源筛选的准确率达82.81%,Satt114、Satt510和Satt334标记也均达到70%以上,6个标记的准确率平均值达到70.71%,可以用作抗病毒分子辅助育种的选择标记.依据6个SSR标记在70份种质资源中共检测出的28个谱带进行聚类分析,表明70份大豆种质资源可以划分为两大类群,Ⅰ类群为感病群,Ⅱ类群为抗病群.70份种质资源间的遗传相似系数变化范围为0.62～0.97,表明供试资源的遗传多样性相对较低,抗性种质资源相对匮乏.     

甜瓜果长基因fl与性别表达基因a的遗传分析及定位

【目的】 研究甜瓜2号连锁群中果长基因fl与性别表达基因a的连锁关系。分析果实长度和性别表达类型(雄花两性花同株、雌雄异花同株)的遗传规律,定位两性状基因。【方法】 以圆形甜瓜、雄花两性花同株品种西州蜜为父本,长形甜瓜、雌雄异花同株品种蛇瓜为母本杂交产生的160个BC₁(Back Cross 回交群体)单株为作图群体,研究BC₁群体中果实长度和性别类型的分布,对二者进行遗传分析。利用集团分离分析法(Bulked Segregant Analysis, BSA),用甜瓜2号连锁群上的48个SSR分子标记,对甜瓜果实长度和花性型性状进行多态性标记的筛选,对两性状基因定位。【结果】 甜瓜果实长度符合数量性状的遗传特点;雄花两性花同株与雌雄异花同株可能受双基因遗传控制。通过连锁分析,将果长基因fl定位于2号连锁群的标记SSR247159和标记SSR252089之间,遗传距离为3 cM;将性别表达基因a定位于标记SSR227156和标记CMGA36/SSR235092之间,遗传距离为3.59 cM;两区间之间的遗传距离为0。【结论】 在甜瓜西州蜜和蛇瓜的BC₁群体中,将果实长度基因fl和性别表达基因a的初步定位于不同标记区间内,证明二者不是同一基因。     

Identification, Genetic Analysis and Mapping of Resistance to Phytophthora sojae of Pm28 in Soybean

Phytophthora sojae Kanfman and Gerdemann (P.sojae) is one of the most prevalent pathogens and causes Phytophthora root rot,which limits soybean production worldwide.Development of resistant cultivars is a cost-effective approach to controlling this disease.In this study,127 soybean germplasm were evaluated for their responses to Phytophthora sojae strain Pm28 using the hypocotyl inoculation technique,and 49 were found resistant to the strain.The hypocotyl of P1,P2,F1,and F2:3 of two crosses of Ludou 4 (resistant)×Youchu 4 (susceptible) and Cangdou 5 (resistant)×Williams (susceptible) were inoculated with Pm28,and were used to analyze the inheritance of resistance.The population derived from the cross of Ludou 4×Youchu 4 was used to map the resistance gene (designated as Rps9) to a linkage group.932 pairs of SSR primers were used to detect polymorphism,and seven SSR markers were mapped near the resistance gene.The results showed that the resistance to Pm28 in Ludou 4 and Cangdou 5 was controlled by a single dominant gene Rps9,which was located on the molecular linkage group N between the SSR markers Satt631 (7.5 cM) and Sat_186 (4.3 cM).     

小豆SSR分子标记遗传连锁图谱构建

【目的】以小豆SSR为锚定标记,将公开发表的豇豆SSR、普通菜豆SSR和EST-SSR标记定位整合到小豆遗传连锁群中,构建中国小豆遗传图谱,为小豆基因定位、图位克隆和分子标记辅助选择育种提供更多可用的分子标记。【方法】用1 473对SSR和EST-SSR引物进行PCR扩增,包括906对豇豆SSR、123对普通菜豆和196对小豆SSR引物及248对普通菜豆EST-SSR引物,筛选亲本间多态性标记,验证栽培小豆HB801×AG109及GM892×AG110的F2分离群体。【结果】整合和构建了含有145个SSR和EST-SSR标记小豆遗传连锁图谱,包括59个小豆SSR标记,新增63个豇豆SSR、9个普通菜豆SSR、14个普通菜豆EST-SSR标记和1个茎色标记。紫茎色性状被定位在第9连锁群,离CEDG022和cbess058标记的遗传距离分别为0.9 cM和0.1 cM。图谱全长823 cM,覆盖11个连锁群,每个标记间平均距离为5.64 cM。每个连锁群长度为49.1—125.6 cM,平均长度74.82 cM;每条染色体上的标记数7—26个,平均13.27个。【结论】率先把小豆近缘物种分子标记引入小豆,加密了小豆SSR分子标记遗传连锁图谱。     

Identification of Co-dominant SSR Markers Associated with Genes Controlling α′-and α-subunit-null β-conglycinin Phenotypes in Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

Studies have shown that the three subunits of β-conglycinin are the main potential allergens of soybean sensitive patients.And β-conglycinin has adverse effects on nutrition and food processing.So solation and production of lines with lower β-conglycinin content has been the focus of recent soybean breeding projects.Soybean lines with deficiency in one or all subunits of β-conglycinin have been obtained.An effective and rapid system to identify such mutations will facilitate genetic manipulation of the β-conglycinin subunit composition.Here,two segregating F_2 populations were developed from crosses between Cgy-1/cgy-1 (CC),an α′-lacking line (Δα′),and DongNong 47 (DN47),a wild-type (Wt) Chinese soybean cultivar with normal globulin components,and Cgy-2/cgy-2 (CB),an α-lacking line (Δα),and DN47.These populations were used to estimate linkage among the cgy-1 (conferring α′-null) and cgy-2 (α-null) loci and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers.Seven SSR markers (Sat_038,Satt243,Sat_307,Sat_109,Sat_231,Sat_108 and Sat_190) were determined to co-segregate with cgy-1,and six SSR markers (Satt650,Satt671,Sat_418,Sat_170,Satt292 and Sat_324) co-segregated with cgy-2.Linkage maps being composed of seven SSR markers and cgy-1 locus,and six SSR markers and the cgy-2 locus were then constructed.It assigned that the cgy-1 gene to chromosome 10 at a position between Sat_307 and Sat_231,and the cgy-2 gene to chromosome 20 at a position between Satt650 and Satt671.These markers should enable map-based cloning of the cgy-1 and cgy-2 genes.For different subunit-deficiency types[α′-null,α-null and (α′+α)-null types],the two sets of SSR markers could also detect of polymorphism between three normal cultivars and seven related mutant lines.The identification of these markers is great significance to the molecular marker-assisted breeding of soybean β-conglycinin subunits.     

长江流域片国家区试大豆品种分子ID构建及遗传多样性分析

以长江流域片国家区域试验的45份大豆品种为材料,选择分布在大豆基因组8个连锁群的13对SSR标记进行分子ID构建及遗传多样性分析。结果表明:利用Satt138、Satt514、Satt231、Satt380、Satt442和Satt369这6对引物可以将45个参试大豆品种区分开,并获得唯一的分子ID;参试大豆品种间遗传相似系数为0~1.00,平均相似系数为0.442 4,结果说明长江流域片国家区试大豆品种间遗传同源性较小,差异性较大。     

绿豆高密度分子遗传图谱的构建

【目的】在前期研究的基础上,进一步利用绿豆基因组SSR、EST-SSR、STS和普通菜豆基因组SSR等标记构建绿豆遗传连锁图谱,为绿豆重要性状相关基因的定位、克隆及分子标记辅助选育新品种等研究搭建技术平台。【方法】利用澳大利亚引进的Berken（高感豆象绿豆栽培种）× ACC41（高抗豆象绿豆野生种）及其重组自交系（recombinant inbreed line,RIL）群体,对6 686对引物进行PCR扩增及多态性筛选,包括6 100对绿豆基因组SSR、149对EST-SSR、13对STS和424对普通菜豆基因组SSR引物,将亲本间多态性引物,进一步分析重组自交系群体。结合前期研究的分子标记数据,利用Mapmarker/Exp 3.0软件构建遗传图谱,并设置LOD≥3.0,最大图距50.00 cM。用Joinmap 4.0软件进行图谱整合。【结果】用2个亲本共筛选了6 686对SSR引物,共有3 691对引物有稳定的扩增产物,得到有多态的引物有588对。其中,通过磁珠富集法开发的绿豆SSR引物6 100对,有效扩增3 459对,有效扩增率56.7%,得到多态性引物559对;通过转录组测序开发的绿豆MGCP引物149对,有效扩增126对,有效扩增率84.6%,得到多态性引物21对;通过磁珠富集法开发的菜豆SSR引物424对,有效扩增97对,有效扩增率22.9%,得到多态性引物6对;绿豆STS引物13对,有效扩增9对,有效扩增率69.2%,得到多态性引物2对。表明不同来源和种类的SSR引物在RIL群体亲本中的有效扩增率有明显差别,绿豆EST-SSR引物（84.6%）最高,绿豆STS引物（69.2%）和SSR引物（55.7%）次之,菜豆SSR引物（22.9%）最低。获得一张含有585个标记（499个SSR标记、74个RFLP标记、9个STS标记和3个RAPD标记）的绿豆遗传图谱,图谱总长732.9 cM,包括11个连锁群,每个标记间的平均距离为1.25 cM,平均长度为66.63 cM。每个连锁群长度为45.2-112.8 cM,每条染色体上面的标记数为35-92个,平均53.18个。标记位点数最多的连锁群LG1含92个标记,长度为112.8 cM;标记位点数最少的连锁群LG11仅含有35个标记,长度为48.7 cM。对图谱的585个标记位点进行χ2测验,在P＜0.05和P＜0.01条件下,分别有79个和151个标记表现为偏分离,占总标记位点数的39.3%。【结论】构建了一张目前国内外发表的标记数最多、密度最高的绿豆遗传连锁图谱。     

草莓抗白粉病遗传图谱及其SSR标记初分析

以易感草莓白粉病品种达赛莱克特和高抗品种甜查理杂交的220个杂种F2代群体材料为作图群体,利用146对SSR标记构建了包含两个连锁群和7个SSR标记的分子遗传连锁图谱,平均遗传图距8.85 cM。通过对抗草莓白粉病相关的SSR标记进行初步遗传分析,结果 FSS50和FSS121与抗性相关基因连锁比较紧密,遗传距离分别为1.3 cM和3.3 cM,理论上可应用于白粉病抗性种质的辅助选择育种实践中。     

QTL Mapping of Hard Seededness in Wild Soybean Using BSA Method

【Objective】 Hard seededness of wild soybean is an important effector that limits the utilization of wild resources in soybean genetic improvement. Bulked segregant analysis (BSA) was employed to identify major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) related with hard seededness in soybean, which laid a foundation for effective utilization of wild soybean germplasm in cultivated soybean improvement. 【Method】 F₂ and F₇ segregation populations were constructed from a cross between cultivated soybean Zhonghuang39 and wild soybean NY27-38. Uniformly sized seeds were selected from each line, and 30 seeds were soaked in a petri dish with 30 mL distilled water for 4 hours at 25℃. The assay was replicated 3 times. The number of permeable and impermeable seeds were counted. In F₂ population, the first DNA pool was constructed from 22 individuals with permeable seeds (imbibition rate ＞90%), and second DNA pool was constructed from 16 individuals with impermeable seeds (imbibition rate ＜10%). In F₇ population, 20 lines with permeable seeds (100% imbibition) and 20 lines with impermeable seeds (no imbibition) were used to construct two DNA pools, respectively. To detect genomic regions associated with hard seededness, these DNA bulks were genotyped with 259 polymorphic SSR markers to identify markers linked to QTL. A linkage map was constructed with 192 SSR markers, QTLs related with hard seededness were identified by composite interval mapping in F₇ segregation population. 【Result】 Out of 259 SSR loci polymorphic between Zhonghuang39 and NY27-38, 10 and eight polymorphic SSR markers between the permeable and impermeable pools were detected in 16.3 Mb interval on chromosome 2 and 23.4 Mb interval on chromosome 6, respectively, in F₂ population. The QTL region (276.0 kb) located between Satt274 and Sat_198 on chromosome 2 contained previously cloned gene GmHs1-1, the QTL explained 17.2% of the total genetic variation. The other QTL was mapped on chromosome 6 flanked by BARCSOYSSR_06_0993 and BARCSOYSSR_06_1068, accounting for 17.8% of the total genetic variation. In F₇ population, eleven, nine and four SSR polymorphic markers between the permeable and impermeable pools were detected in 27.4 Mb interval on chromosome 2, 27.8 Mb interval on chromosome 6, 18.2 Mb interval on chromosome 3, respectively. A linkage map of 192 SSR markers and covering 2 390.2 cM was constructed through composite interval mapping in F₇ population. Three QTLs related with hard seededness were detected. The QTL on chromosome 2 located between Satt274 and Sat_198, explained 23.3% of the total genetic variation; the QTL on chromosome 6 flanked by Sat_402 and Satt557, explained 20.4% of the total genetic variation; the QTL on chromosome 3 flanked by Sat_266 and Sat_236 accounted for 4.9% of the total genetic variation. 【Conclusion】 In this study, three QTLs related to soybean hard seededness were identified by both BSA and traditional linkage mapping, indicating that BSA is an effective strategy for identifying QTLs in soybean.     

利用BSA法发掘野生大豆种子硬实性相关QTL

【目的】野生大豆的硬实性是大豆遗传改良利用中的重要限制因素。利用BSA法发掘与大豆种子硬实性相关的QTL,为野生大豆在大豆遗传改良中的合理利用奠定基础。【方法】利用栽培大豆中黄39与野生大豆NY27-38杂交构建F₂和F₇分离群体,从每个单株选取整齐一致的种子,取30粒种子置于铺有一层滤纸的培养皿中,加入30 mL蒸馏水,25℃培养箱中暗处理4 h,设3次重复,分别统计每个培养皿中正常吸胀和硬实种子数。在F₂群体中,选取22个正常吸胀单株（吸胀率＞90%）和16个硬实单株（吸胀率＜10%）;在F₇群体中,选取20个完全吸胀单株（吸胀率=100%）和20个完全硬实单株（吸胀率=0%）,单株DNA等量混合,分别构建2个吸胀和2个硬实DNA池。利用259对在亲本间有多态性的SSR标记对吸胀和硬实DNA池进行检测,筛选在吸胀和硬实DNA池间表现多态性的SSR标记;用192个SSR标记检测F₇分离群体,构建遗传图谱,利用复合区间作图法定位大豆硬实相关QTL。【结果】利用F₂个体构建的吸胀和硬实DNA池,在第2染色体16.3 Mb区间和第6染色体23.4 Mb区间分别检测到10个和8个在两池间有差异的SSR标记。利用这些标记检测F₂群体,将第2染色体的QTL定位于Satt274与Sat_198间的276.0 kb区间,该区间包括已克隆的大豆硬实基因GmHs1-1,解释17.2%的表型变异。第6染色体的QTL位于标记BARCSOYSSR_06_0993与BARCSOYSSR_06_1068间,可解释17.8%的表型变异。利用F₇株系构建的吸胀和硬实DNA池,在第2（27.4 Mb区间）、6（27.8 Mb 区间）和3染色体（18.2 Mb区间）分别检测到11个、9个和4个在两池间有多态性的SSR标记。利用F₇群体构建包括192个SSR标记、覆盖2 390.2 cM的遗传图谱,共检测到3个硬实相关QTL,其中第2染色体定位到的QTL位于标记Satt274与Sat_198间,可解释23.3%的遗传变异。第6染色体定位到的QTL位于标记Sat_402与Satt557之间,可解释20.4%的表型变异。在第3染色体标记Sat_266与Sat_236间发现一个可以解释4.9%表型变异的QTL,与BSA法检测的结果相符。【结论】利用BSA法可以检测到传统遗传作图定位的所有与硬实性相关的QTL,证明BSA法发掘大豆种子硬实性主要QTL的高效性。