松江鲈鱼ISSR-PCR反应体系的建立及优化研究(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study is to establish and optimize the ISSR-PCR system in roughskin sculpin(Trachidermus fasciatus Heckel).[Method] By using the primer of ISSR-63,the concentrations of Taq DNA polymerase,Mg2+,dNTPs and primer were optimized by orthogonal design for establishing the suitable ISSR-PCR system in roughskin sculpin;moreover,the suitable anneal temperature was yielded from gradient PCR on temperature.[Result]The optimized ISSR-PCR system(20 μl reaction volume)in roughskin sculpin was proved to be:2.5 mmol/L Mg2+,250 μmol/L dNTPs,0.25 μmol/L primer,1 U Taq DNA polymerase,30 ng DNA template and 1×PCR buffer;and suitable anneal temperature was determined to be 50.8 ℃.The established system was further confirmed by using 24 wild roughskin sculpin samples.[Conclusion]The results lay a foundation for the analysis of genetic diversity and germplasm resources of roughskin sculpin.     

茶薪菇基因组DNA的RAPD反应体系优化(英文)

[Objective] The research aimed to screen out optimum RAPD reaction system on genomic DNA of Agrocybe chaxingu Huang.[Method] The single factor experiment was adopted to select the required Mg2+ concentration, template DNA concentration,primer concentration,dNTPs concentration,Taq enzyme concentration and anneal temperature initially.[Result] The optimum reaction system for RAPD amplification of Agrocybe chaxingu Huang was listed as follows:2.5 μl Buffer, 2 mmol/L Mg2+, 75 ng DNA, 0.5 μmol/L primer, 150 μmol/L dNTPs and 2.0 Taq enzyme.The reaction process was also listed as follows: denaturation for 5 min at 92 ℃,35 cycles(1 min at 92 ℃, 1 min for 35.5 ℃ and elongation for 2 min at 72 ℃),10 min at 72 ℃.[Conclusion] The research provided reference for conducting RAPD analysis of and studying genetic relationship and genetic diversity of Agrocybe chaxingu Huang.     

Optimization of PCR System in EST-SSR Analysis of Phytophthora infestans

Late blight caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans Montagne de Bary is a devastating disease on potato production. A total of six parameters affecting the PCR system in P. infestans were investigated based on the template DNA of the isolate HH06-23 and EST-SSR primer pair Pi08N. The results showed that the optimal annealing temperature was 63℃, and the optimum PCR system of EST-SSR was 25 ng template DNA, 0.5 mmol·L-1 dNTPs, 2 μL 10×Buffer (Mg 2+ free), 1.75 mmol·L-1 MgCl 2 , 15 pmol primer, and 1.2 U Taq DNA polymerase in total 20 μL reaction system. The PCR program was initial denaturation at 94℃ for 2 min, followed by 35 cycles of 94℃ for 30 s, 63℃ for 30 s, and 72℃ for 30 s, then a final extension step was 72℃ for 7 min, and held at 4℃. In addition, using the optimal PCR system, a total of 20 isolates of P. infestans were used for testing the stability and polymorphism of the PCR amplification. The clarity and abundant polymorphism indicated that this system was stable and suitable for researching the genetic diversity of P. infestans population.     

Optimization of Quantitative Real-time PCR System on Amplification of Beta-glucosidase Gene Os1bglu4

[Objective] This study aimed to establish a quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR) system for detecting the expression of rice beta-glucosidase gene Os1bglu4. [Method] The PCR was conducted with SYBR Green I method, using the primers of reference gene actin or ubiquitin. [Result] Actin was more suitable to be the reference gene than ubiquitin. More accurate results were obtained when the 100 ng cDNA template was added at a large volume and a lower concentration.The primer concentration in the range from 0.2 to 0.8 μmol/L we set had no significant influence on the results, so, 0.4 μmol/L was selected as the optimal primer concentration in this study. The amplification efficiency was greatly reduced when the annealing temperature was set at 64 ℃, therefore, annealing temperature was set at 60 ℃. Compared with the reaction system of 25 μl, the fluorescence intensity was significantly lower but the CT value did not change greatly in 10 μl system.So, the 10 μl reaction system was selected, which significantly reduces the research costs for the detection of a large amount of samples in future study.     

铜鱼ISSR-PCR反应体系的正交设计优化

采用正交设计方法,对影响铜鱼(Coreius heterodon(Bleeker))ISSR-PCR扩增结果的5个因素,如Mg~(2+)、dNTP、引物、Taq DNA聚合酶和模板DNA的浓度,在4个水平上进行了比较优化,建立了适合铜鱼的最佳ISSR-PCR反应体系:在25μL反应体系中含有1.5 mmol/L Mg~(2+),0.16 mmol/L dNTP,0.2 μmol/L引物,lU Taq DNA聚合酶和140 ng模板DNA.检验结果表明,采用该反应体系对铜鱼进行ISSR-PCR扩增可获得多态性高,稳定性和重复性好的电泳条带.

Abstract：

The method of orthogonal design was used to optimize five factors,i.e.concentration of Mg~(2+),dNTP,primer,Taq DNA polymerase and DNA temple,which affect ISSR-PCR amplification results of Coreius heterodon(Bleeker),each at four levels,and an optimal ISSR-PCR reaction system for C.heter-odon(Bleeker)was established:an ISSR-PCR reaction system with a total volume of 25 μL containing 1.5mmol/L Mg~(2+),0.16 mmol/L dNTP,0.2μmol/L primer,1U Taq DNA polymerase and 140 ng DNA tem-pie.The testing results of the reaction system confirmed that it can produce stable and reproducible electrophoretic bands with high polymorphism of ISSR-PCR for C.heterodon(Bleeker).     

大白菜基因组DNA的提取及AFLP反应体系的建立(英文)

[Objective] The obtained clear AFLP fingerprint of Chinese cabbage provided basis for studies on the molecular markers of Chinese cabbage cultivars and the phylogenetic relationship among Chinese cabbage cultivars. [Method] With the test materials of leaves of Chinese cabbages, the high-quality total DNA from leaves of Chinese cabbages was extracted by the modified CTAB method. DNA restriction-ligase reaction, pre-amplification and selective amplification were optimized, and the AFLP silver-staining reaction system for Chinese cabbage was established. [Result] The quality of DNA template influenced restriction enzyme digestion and the subsequent ligase amplification reaction, while the modified CTAB extraction method could be used in AFLP analysis of Chinese cabbage to obtain a clear AFLP fingerprint. The optimum conditions for restriction enzyme digestion of genomic DNA from Chinese cabbage were as follows: 150 g DNA template, 12.5 μl reaction volume, 1.25 U Eco R Ⅰ, 1.25 U Mse Ⅰ and 5×Reaction Buffer with 4 h at 37 ℃. The ligation reaction with 2.5 h at 20 ℃ was the optimum condition. Six pairs of primers including E-AAC/M-CAG, E-AAG/M-CAC, E-ACA/M-CTG, E-ACT/M-CAC, E-ACT/M-CTT and E-ACT/M-CTC all had its own stable and clear patterns. [Conclusion] With abundant bands and high polymorphism, AFLP selective amplification is an efficient molecular marker for genomic polymorphism of Chinese cabbage.     

Sequence related amplified polymorphism （SRAP） reaction system optimization and its application

In this study, three methods such as CTAB,SDS and Shanlichun methods were used to extract genomic DNA from the seedling of rape to find the best method. The principle, characters and application of SRAP were introduced. In order to obtain the optimal SRAP reaction system, the factors including concentrations of DNA, dNTP, etc. of reaction system were modified to better the system of rape. Th9 result showed that the optimum concentrations were 15ng DNA template, 0.2mM dNTP, 1.0μM primer and 2.0U Taq enzyme in this 25μL SRAP-PCR system.     

蒜氨酸酶动力学性质研究（英文）

[Objective] The kinetic characteristics of alliinase was studied to select the optimum reaction performance.[Method] Alliinase activity was measured to analysis the influence of temperature,pH,substrate concentration and metal iron.[Result] Alliinase was an enzyme with thermal instability.Its optimum reaction temperature was 29 ℃ and pH value was 6.1.The Vmax was 0.439 IU/mg and Km was 0.483 mmol/L by using natural extract as substrate.Alliinase activity was activated when the K+,Mg2+,Na+ and Cd2+ existed and alliinase activity was inhibited when Cu2+ existed.[Conclusion] Results showed that the kinetic characteristics of alliinase supply the academic foundation for development and application of garlic medical products.     

拮抗链霉菌AFLP分析技术体系的研究(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the preparation method and amplification system of antagonistic streptomyces DNA templates based on AFLP assays, and also provide a basis for the application of AFLP technology in the analysis of streptomyces or even actinomyces. [Method] The DNAs were extracted by the modified CTAB method and amplified by the Pst Ⅰ/Mse Ⅰ AFLP kit and its reaction system. The amplified products were analyzed by the denatured polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. [Result] The genomic DNAs of ten antagonistic strains of Streptomyces were extracted and tested. The result of 0.8% agarose gel electrophoresis showed that the major DNA bands were clear without degradation and RNA residue, with the fragment sizes ranging from 37.64 to 40.86 Kb. By ultraviolet spectrophotometry, the OD260/OD280 values varying from 1.625 to 1.833 were obtained. Furthermore, the agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA products digested by Pst Ⅰ/Mse Ⅰ presented the dispersed fluorescent long band, which indicated that the enzymatic hydrolysis was fully carried out. The amplified bands of DNA templates by the screened three pairs of primers were clear with rich polymorphism. [Conclusion] The preparation method and amplification system of DNA template established in this study can be used in the AFLP analysis of Streptomyces.     

青海云杉ISSR-PCR反应体系的建立与优化

1材料与方法1．1材料供试材料为祁连山区青海云杉天然分布区内的优良单株,基本能反映出祁连山青海云杉分布区的特点。1．2试剂所用TaqDNA聚合酶、dNTPs等均购于兰州佰澳生物公司;ISSR选择引物来自University of British Columbia Biotechnology Lab（UBCBL）primer set UBC9,由北京赛百盛公司合成。     

青海云杉ISSR-PCR反应体系的建立与优化

[目的]确定适应青海云杉ISSR-PCR反应的最佳反应体系。[方法]以青海云杉（Picea crassifolia kom.）为材料,对影响其ISSR—PCR扩增结果的各因素（Mg^2＋、dNTPs、TaqDNA聚合酶、模板DNA、引物、退火温度）进行筛选和优化。[结果]青海云杉ISSR—PCR最佳反应体系为在20山反应体系中包含1μl 10×buffer,1．5mmol／L的Mg^2＋ 0．2mmol／L的dNTPs,TaqDNA聚合酶1．0U,模板DNA 40ng,引物0．6μmol／L。对青海云杉ISSR-PCR最佳反应体系的退火温度进行梯度试验发现,引物UBC818的最适退火温度为54．2℃,且最适退火温度因引物而异。[结论]该优化ISSR．PCR反应体系的建立,为今后利用ISSR技术进行青海云杉种质资源分类、遗传图谱构建和基因定位奠定了技术基础。     

吴茱萸ISSR-PCR反应体系优化

[目的]建立吴茱萸ISSR-PCR最佳反应体系。[方法]采用改良的CTAB法提取吴茱萸基因组DNA,研究模板DNA、dNTPs、Mg^2＋、引物（U834）、Taq DNA聚合酶的浓度对ISSR-PCR扩增结果的影响。[结果]20μl反应体系中含2μl 10×PCR buffer,0.15 mmol/LdNTPs,1.6 mmol/L Mg^2＋,0.4 mmol/L引物,20 ng模板DNA,1.2 U Taq DNA聚合酶。[结论]为研究吴茱萸种质资源遗传多样性和分子鉴定奠定了技术基础。     

油橄榄ISSR-PCR反应体系优化与引物筛选

[目的]对油橄榄ISSR-PCR反应体系进行优化,并筛选出多态性ISSR引物。[方法]以油橄榄嫩叶片提取的基因组DNA为模板,通过单因子试验针对反应体系主要因子Mg2+、dNTPs、引物浓度及模板用量进行油橄榄ISSR-PCR反应体系优化。[结果]优化的油橄榄ISSR-PCR反应体系为:总体系20μl中含1×Taq Buffer,3.5 mmol/L Mg2+,0.4 mmol/L dNTPs,1.0μmol/L引物,1.0 U Taq DNA聚合酶,20 ng DNA模板。反应程序为:94℃预变性5 min;94℃变性30 s,52～55℃退火30 s,72℃延伸2 min,40个循环;72℃延伸10 min,4℃保存。同时利用上述反应体系和反应程序筛选出了扩增稳定、多态性高、扩增条带清晰的ISSR引物11条。[结论]为进一步油橄榄种质资源的多样性研究和品种鉴定奠定了基础。     

高原鼠兔ISSR引物反应体系的优化与筛选

[目的]筛选和优化高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)适宜的ISSR反应体系,以在对高原鼠兔进行ISSR分析时获得清晰和多态性好的扩增结果。[方法]以高原鼠兔基因组DNA为模板,通过单因素试验,对体系中的模板浓度、Mg2+浓度、dNTPs浓度、Taq酶用量、引物用量、退火温度进行探讨。[结果]结果表明,高原鼠兔ISSR-PCR扩增的最佳条件为:25μl PCR反应体系,其中4lμDNA模板,1.5 mmol/LMgCl2,0.2 mmol/L dNTPs,1.25 UTaq聚合酶,1.5μmol/L引物,复性温度4560℃(退火温度随引物不同而确定)。用11条引物进行了PCR扩增,筛选出效果较好的6条引物。[结论]该反应体系的建立为鼠兔遗传多样性和分子系统学研究提供技术支持。     

长柱金丝桃ISSR-PCR反应体系的建立与优化

为筛选可用于长柱金丝桃遗传分析的最适ISSR-PCR反应体系,采用正交试验对影响ISSR-PCR反应的5个重要因素(Taq DNA聚合酶、dNTPs、Mg~(2+)、引物和模板DNA浓度)进行4水平正交优化,并对退火温度、循环次数进行筛选。结果表明,20μL ISSR-PCR最佳反应体系包括Taq DNA聚合酶1.0 U、dNTPs 0.2 mmol·L-1、Mg2+3.0 mmol·L~(-1)、引物0.4μmol·L~(-1)、DNA模板40 ng,对ISSR-PCR反应的影响程度由大到小为:Taq DNA聚合酶、引物、Mg2+、dNTPs、DNA模板;引物UBC822的最佳退火温度52.7℃,最佳循环次数41,利用优化的反应体系从61条引物中筛选出12条稳定性好、多态性高的引物,验证试验表明优化的反应体系具有较高的稳定性。     

雷公藤ISSR反应体系的建立与优化

[目的]建立适合雷公藤的ISSR-PCR反应体系,为雷公藤种质资源的亲缘关系鉴定和遗传多样性分析提供技术支持.[方法]采用单因素试验设计优化影响雷公藤ISSR-PCR扩增效果的Taq DNA聚合酶、dNTPs、Mg2+、引物浓度和DNA模板含量及退火温度,并以32份雷公藤样品对优化的ISSR-PCR反应体系进行验证.[结果]优化的雷公藤种质资源ISSR-PCR反应体系为:20.00μL反应液中含1.50 U Taq DNA聚合酶、0.30 mmol/L dNTPs、2.00 mmol/L Mg2+、0.40μmol/L引物、20 ng DNA模板和2.00μL 10×Buffer.ISSR-PCR扩增程序中最佳退火温度为54.7℃.[结论]建立优化的雷公藤ISSR-PCR反应体系具有较高的稳定性、重现性和适用性,可应用于雷公藤不同地理种源间的遗传多样性鉴定.     

老芒麦ISSR-PCR反应体系的建立与优化

[目的]建立并优化老芒麦ISSR-PCR反应体系和扩增程序,以期为探讨老芒麦种质资源的遗传多样性提供科学依据。[方法]采用正交设计试验和单因素试验相结合的方法对老芒麦的ISSR-PCR的反应体系进行构建和优化,对影响ISSR-PCR扩增效果的Taq酶、模板DNA的浓度、Mg2+、dNTP和引物浓度等因素进行优化,同时对退火温度、循环次数和延伸时间进行筛选。[结果]在25μl体系中各反应物的最适含量为:0.2 mmol/L dNTP,0.2μmol/L ISSR引物,1.50 U Taq DNA聚合酶,2.5μl 10×PCR Buffer,1.5 mmol/L MgCl2和40 ng模板DNA;循环次数和延伸时间分别是35次和90 s。[结论]该研究建立并优化了老芒麦ISSR-PCR反应体系,通过2份老芒麦种质对所优化体系得验证,结果显示体系稳定,可用于老芒麦种质资源遗传分析。     

真藓科植物ISSR-PCR反应体系的优化及ISSR指纹图谱的初步构建

[目的]试图通过ISSR指纹图谱的构建,为真藓科（Bryacae）植物的种类鉴定提供分子分析数据。[方法]为获得标准试验程序,首先利用正交试验设计的方法对真藓科植物的ISSR-PCR反应的5因素（Mg2＋、dNTPs、引物、DNA模板、TaqDNA聚合酶）4水平进行试验。[结果]最适扩增条件是：在20μl PCR反应体系中,5ng模板DNA,0.2μmol/L引物,2.25mmol/LMgCl2,0.6U Taq DNA聚合酶,0.4mmol/LdNTPs。最适退火温度为48～50℃。利用此结论使用6条ISSR引物对14种真藓科及相关的提灯藓科（Mniaceae）植物分别进行PCR扩增,共扩增出86条带,多态性带为86条,多态率达100%。根据扩增结果进行NJ聚类分析,得到的支序图呈星状。[结论]ISSR指纹能够在种级分类水平提供适度的多态性,利用引物UBC-808、811以及826构建的ISSR指纹图谱能够区分所有供试植物,为利用ISSR指纹技术解决真藓科植物种级水平分类关系问题时提供了分子辅助证据的可行性。     

珍稀濒危植物银缕梅ISSR-PCR反应体系建立及优化

[目的]建立和优化银缕梅ISSR-PCR反应体系。[方法]采用正交试验和单因子试验对影响PCR扩增体系中的Mg~(2+)浓度、dNTPs、模板DNA及引物浓度、Taq酶用量5个因子进行分析研究。[结果]银缕梅ISSR-PCR 25μL反应体系中5个因子最优水平:DNA模板(20 ng/μL)2.50μL,引物(10μmol/L)1.00μL,Taq酶(5 U/μL)0.10μL,Mg~(2+)(25 mmol/L)3.00μL,d NTPs(2.5 mmol/L)1.50μL。[结论]银缕梅ISSR-PCR反应最优体系的建立为进一步利用ISSR对其进行分子标记辅助育种、分子指纹图谱构建和遗传多样性分析等后续研究奠定了基础。