纳豆激酶液体发酵条件的优化

利用单因素及正交试验,对纳豆枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis natto)液体发酵生产纳豆激酶(Nattokinase,NK)的培养基组成(碳氮比和离子组成)和培养条件(温度、pH值、发酵时间、接种量和装液量等)对产酶量的影响进行了研究。结果表明,最佳发酵培养基组成及发酵条件分别为:可溶性淀粉2.0%,大豆蛋白胨1.5%,Na2HPO4·12H2O0.4%,KH2PO40.2%,MgSO4·7H2O0.075%,CaCl20.01%,培养温度37℃,pH值7.0,发酵时间24h,转速180r/min,种龄16h,接种量3%,装液量25mL/250mL。在优化发酵条件基础上,进行了5,20L发酵工艺放大的初步研究,在此条件下,摇瓶,5L罐和20L罐发酵酶活最高分别达到915,1086,946IU/mL。     

杏鲍菇液体培养基优化及发酵终点的简便检测方法

以菌丝生物量为指标,对杏鲍菇液体深层发酵培养基配方进行了优化,实验结果表明杏鲍菇液体深层发酵最佳碳源为葡萄糖,最佳氮源为酵母粉,最佳培养基配方为葡萄糖2%,玉米粉3%,酵母粉0.3%,麸皮2%,KH2PO 0.1%,MgS04·7H2O 0.05%.根据茵丝生物量与摇瓶变化质量随发酵时间变化规律的一致性,找到了判断杏鲍菇发酵终点的简便方法,其最适发酵时间为240 h.     

影响放线菌H菌株抗菌活性发酵条件的研究

采用单因素试验及正交试验,对放线菌H菌株的发酵条件进行了初步研究,确定了其最佳发酵培养基的组成及基本培养条件。以玉米粉、蛋白胨、K2HPO4,MgSO4,NaCl,CaCO3为基本培养基,3.6%玉米粉为碳源,0.5%蛋白胨为氮源,起始pH值为7.5,最佳装瓶量为50mL/500mL,在28℃,转速为200r/min下,摇床培养120h,所获得的发酵滤液的抑菌作用最强,滤纸片法测定其对金黄色葡萄球菌抗菌活性,抑菌圈直径达24.6mm。     

海藻糖产生菌株发酵培养基的优化

从土壤中分离得到1株海藻糖产量较高的酵母菌株,对其进行最佳发酵培养基的研究。在预试验和分析资料的基础上,通过4因素二次旋转正交组合试验设计,得出海藻糖产量回归模型,拟合较好。结果表明,蔗糖为2.61%,牛肉膏为0.53%,酵母膏为0.53%,MgSO4·7H2O为0.03%时,海藻糖的产量在24h达到最大值,产糖量为3098.6μg/mL,较优化前提高了0.71倍。     

好食脉孢菌和红酵母协同发酵秸秆产类胡萝卜素的研究

以好食脉孢菌和红酵母为发酵菌种,通过固态发酵玉米秸秆生产类胡萝卜素。将类胡萝卜素产量作为发酵指标,通过对培养基含水量、培养基初始pH值、氮源添加量、碳源添加量、无机盐添加量、培养基装量的单因素试验和正交试验确定最优培养基条件:秸秆用量10 g,干豆渣(氮源)用量3 g,麸皮(碳源)用量4 g,MgSO4添加量0.4%(与秸秆量比W/W),pH值约为5.5,培养基含水量为60%,培养基装量为12.5 g/250 mL,最佳发酵条件为接种量20%(好食脉孢菌∶红酵母=1∶1),培养温度28℃,培养时间96 h。通过优化后的类胡萝卜素产量为224.75μg/g。     

环状芽孢杆菌产β-甘露聚糖酶的产酶条件及粗酶性质研究

为确定环状芽孢杆菌WXY-100的最佳摇瓶培养工艺,采用了L9(34)正交试验对培养基成分以及培养条件进行了优化.结果表明,最佳培养基成分为:酵母抽提物20g/L,魔芋粉20g/L,(NH4)2SO4 2g/L,KH2PO4 1g/L,MgSO4·7H2O 1g/L.最佳培养条件为:种龄8～12 h,接种量为6%,装液量为25 mL,pH 7.5,培养温度40℃,培养时间25 h.该酶在pH 4～8和60℃以下稳定,作用最适条件是pH 5.0和60℃,Cu2 和Co2 对酶有较显著的激活作用,而Hg2 对酶有强烈的抑制作用.     

1株酵母菌产GABA发酵条件的优化

以专利菌株近平滑假丝酵母(Candida parapsilosis) GPT-5-11为供试菌株（专利号：201010182948.5）,通过液态发酵试验优化其培养条件,研究γ-氨基丁酸合成的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,最佳培养基成分( g /L) 为：葡萄糖24.5,酵母膏6.2,大豆蛋白胨6.2,吐温80 2ml,乙醇4ml,MgSO4?7H2O 0.2,MnSO4?4H2O 0.045,L-MSG12.5,含0.5%谷氨酸。培养基中添加L-MSG浓度为12g/L,pH值为6.5,37℃发酵48 h。在最优条件下,γ-氨基丁酸产量最高可达2.58g/L。     

白灵菇产木聚糖酶营养条件的优化

以白灵菇为出发菌株,研究该菌株在不同碳源、氮源、无机盐的条件下产木聚糖酶活力大小,从中筛选出最佳培养基配方。通过测量菌丝干重,采用DNS法测定白灵菇产木聚糖酶活性大小,并根据碳源、氮源、无机盐对白灵菇产木聚糖酶的活性的影响,得出白灵菇最适培养基组成为：甘蔗渣5%、黄豆粉2%、MgSO40.15%、KH2PO40.3%、ZnSO40.01%、VB12粒。发酵液酶活力可达到60.50U/ml。     

金针菇液体培养工艺的研究

通过单因素试验确定金针菇15号液体培养适宜的碳源、氮源、培养温度、最适pH、摇瓶装液量、接种量等,并通过正交试验确定适宜的培养基组成.培养基为:玉米粉5%,土豆粉2%,KH2PO4 0.1%,MgSO4·7H2O 0.05%,VB110μg/100 mL,VB250μg/100 mL;培养温度为25℃,培养基起始pH值为6.5,装液量为120 mL/500 mL三角瓶,接种量10%,种子培养时间为3～4天.     

枯草芽孢杆菌B03液体发酵条件的优化

利用单因素筛选和均匀设计试验对拮抗性枯草芽孢杆菌B03发酵生产活菌体的液体培养基和发酵条件进行了研究,优化出了以经济、易得的玉米粉和豆饼粉为碳、氮源的最佳摇瓶发酵培养基,其配方为:玉米粉3.0%,豆饼粉6.0%,K2HPO4.3H2O 0.3%;最佳发酵条件为:种龄21~24 h,接种量5%,500 mL三角瓶装液量50 mL,初始pH值6.0,发酵温度35℃,摇床转速180 r/min,发酵周期60~66 h。利用优化后的培养基和发酵条件进行验证试验,获得了104.24×108~105.75×108cfu/mL的活菌体产量,较原始基础发酵培养基在常规培养条件下的菌体产量提高了96%以上。     

冷冻干燥速溶蛋花汤的加工技术

介绍了运用冷冻干燥技术进行速溶蛋花汤的加工,研究了生产工艺、特点以及影响产品质量的主要因素。试验表明,采用冷冻干燥技术加工的速溶蛋花汤,具有营养丰富、风味独特、方便快捷等特点。     

母猪繁殖障碍成因分析

繁殖障碍是导致母猪淘汰的最主要因素,直接造成母猪非生产天数延长,繁殖猪群生产效率降低,严重影响猪场的经济效益。本文作者对引起母猪繁殖障碍的多方面因素,包括营养因素（如饲养水平、饲料品质、断奶日龄）、环境因素（如温度、湿度、通风、光照）、疫病因素、生产技术及管理因素进行了详细阐述。     

壳聚糖对石榴果汁澄清效果的影响

利用壳聚糖的絮凝作用对壳聚糖在甜石榴汁澄清中的应用效果进行了研究,试验结果表明,壳聚糖用量为0.3g/L、澄清时间为60min、温度为35℃时,甜石榴汁透光率可达85%以上,且通过对壳聚糖处理前后可溶性固形物、总酸、VC等营养成分含量的比较,确定以上工艺参数为甜石榴汁澄清的最佳选择。     

南瓜降糖功能及其系列食品加工技术

阐述了南瓜在糖尿病辅助治疗方面的功能特性,介绍了南瓜降糖主要制品南瓜全粉、南瓜脆片、南瓜果酱和南瓜肉汁的工艺流程和操作要点。     

酸枣幼根原生质体的制备

以生长6~9 d的酸枣种子幼根为试验材料,0.7 mol·L^-1甘露醇作为渗透压稳定剂、pH值5.5~6.0、28℃恒温水浴条件下,以光学显微镜观察的水解总时间、初始产生原生质体的时间、原生质体产量及细胞碎片量为指标,研究通过酶水解来制备酸枣幼根原生质体的方法。结果表明,在含1%果胶酶+4%纤维素酶R-10+3%纤维素酶RS组合的酶解液中,保温4 h可制得产量较高、细胞碎片量较少的原生质体。     

影响核桃贮藏品质因素的分析

介绍了几种核桃贮藏方法,综述了影响核桃贮藏品质的几个主要因素,以及针对上述影响因素提出若干解决对策.     

Efficiency of water use of early plantings of sunflower

Rain fed crop production in Mediterranean environments depends to a large extent on strategies that avoid the intense summer drought. Early plantings of sunflower have given consistently higher yields in such environments, but the basis for such yield increases has not been explored. We conducted two field experiments at Cordoba (Spain) to investigate the effects of an early and a late planting date on the components of water-limited crop productivity; namely, water use (T), water use efficiency (TE) and harvest index (HI) of sunflower. The results were generalized by simulating rain fed sunflower yields, under early (1 January) and late (15 March) plantings, for a 25-year period with the aid of a simulation model of the Ceres type (OILCROP-SUN) which has been validated in Cordoba. Experimental seed yields of early plantings in 1989 and 1996 were 2.0 and 3.0 t ha⁻¹, while late plantings yields were 1.3 and 2.4 t ha⁻¹, for the 2 years. Average simulated yields were 2.7 ± 1.1 and 1.9 ± 0.7 t ha⁻¹ for early and late plantings, respectively. For the 2 years, T of early plantings was higher than that of late plantings, but the response of TE and HI to planting date was not the same in the two experiments. In the simulation exercise, T and TE of early plantings were consistently higher than those of late plantings, while there were no differences in the HI for the two planting dates. We conclude that early plantings of sunflower increase rain fed yields by increasing both T and TE, while the impact of planting date on HI very much depends on the crop water stress pattern, which is quite variable from year to year even in the predictable Mediterranean environment.     

Establishment of High-frequency Regeneration System of Explants of Alfalfa

The cotyledon and hypocotyl of eight varieties of alfalfa( Medicago sativa L. )are used to study the effect of different cultivation procedures and genotypes on embryogenic callus and embryoid induction,plant development and transplant of alfalfa.The varieties of alfalfa with high embryoid induction rate and high differentiation rate are screened. A high frequency regeneration system for alfalfa tissue culture is established:which is benifical to the gene transformation of alfalfa.     

The Simulation of Comfort of Nine DOF of Automobile

Automobile comfort dynamic simulation is necessary when we predict and evaluate the comfort of a automobile or optimize performance of automobile. The nine DOF vibration model of automobile is established , which acts root mean square value of body in multiple work conditions as comfort evaluation indices. Based on the comfort simulation, the Hongyan 1160 is predicted in the way of comfort. The programmes can be used in many different automobiles . The computational result indicates that the model can simulate vibration of automobile truly. It is significant to research automobile comfort evaluation to optimize performance of automobile and comfort simulation .The computational program can be applied to optimize or simulate which has some reference value.     

Measuring of Quantity of Matter-mass and the Measuring of Inertia of Matter-momentclm

A new definition of inertia,i.e. the momentum is the measuring of inertia of matter, is proposed. The article through and etc., subjects, the correctness of the new notion of inertia:The monentum is the measuring of inertia has been demonstrated, and the unsolved contradictions of the traditional definition of inetia. And the mass is the measuring of inertia has been revealed.