Determination of Naringin Content in Peel of Guangxi Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr by HPLC

[Objectives]To establish a method for determining the naringin content in the peel of Guangxi Citrus maxima(Burm.)Merr.[Methods]The high performance liquid chro...     

Study Crystallinity of the Developing Cotton Fibers by Micro-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD)

[Objective] The change of crystalline index (CI) of two different cultivated cotton fibers at the development stage was studied by micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (micro-FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The feasibility was verified by measuring CI in developing cotton fibers with micro-FTIR method. And it was utilized to estimate the CI of mature cotton fibers. [Method] Upland cotton 0-153 and sea island cotton S-6 were selected as examined materials. The cotton fibers of 2 varieties were obtained at 5-30 d post anthesis respectively, with a sampling interval of 5 d. After obtaining the fiber, it was washed several times with distilled water and then placed in an oven at 40℃ for 48 hours. After drying, the FTIR and XRD spectra of each sample were obtained. The CI is calculated according to 4 different FTIR-CI calculation methods, the crystallinity changes of different cotton varieties in the developing period were compared, and the correlation between the FTIR-CI and XRD-CI was studied. [Result] Only FTIR-CI calculated by the Carrillo-Colom index(FTIR-CCI) had a good correlation with XRD-CI method, with higher R2 than 0.9 of both varieties. The fitting model (IR-CI) between the FTIR-CCI and XRD-CI was used to calculate the CI of the twenty-three randomly selected mature fibers. The results showed that the accuracy of IR-CI was good, and the XRD-CI results were within the error range of the calculated results according to the IR-CI model, while the precision of IR-CI could not reach anticipation. [Conclusion] Micro-FTIR can be used to study the change of cellulose in cotton fiber during the developing period. The model of IR-CI established by the correlation between the FTIR-CCI and XRD-CI, can be used to evaluate the crystallinity of developing period in cotton fiber. However, for the study of the crystallinity of mature fibers, it is necessary to use a large number of samples in the later experiment to establish an optimized model.     

农产品中白藜芦醇的高效液相色谱标准化测定方法研究

旨在建立同时测定花生衣、葡萄皮、苜蓿、虎杖、藜芦等农产品中白藜芦醇含量的高效液相色谱标准化测定方法。色谱分析条件如下:以Waters Atlantis T3-C18色谱柱(4.6×150mm,3μm)分离,柱温40℃;以乙腈:0.1%乙酸溶液(体积比为26:74)为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min;采用二极管阵列检测器,检测波长306 nm。花生衣、葡萄皮、苜蓿中白藜芦醇含量的检出限均为0.6μg/g,定量限均为2.0μg/g;虎杖、藜芦中白藜芦醇含量的检出限均为7.5μg/g,定量限均为25μg/g。方法学考察结果显示符合含量测定要求。该方法操作简便、快速,结果可靠,重现性好,可用来研究农产品中白藜芦醇的含量。     

蜜蜂幼虫信息素在工蜂体表的分布

通过气相色谱分析幼虫信息素的10种酯类在中蜂和意蜂成年工蜂的分布情况。将成熟的封盖子脾提至人工培养箱中孵化,幼蜂出房时对其进行标记,再放回原群中。取刚出房幼蜂、10日龄和20日龄这三种工蜂的头部、胸部和腹部样品,用于气相分析。结果表明,中华蜜蜂和意大利蜜蜂工蜂个体主要含有甲基亚油酸酯（ML）、乙基亚油酸酯（EL）、甲基亚麻酸酯（MN）和乙基亚麻酸酯（EN）,这些酯类在工蜂各节分布情况不一。     

高效液相色谱法快速测定淫羊藿中6种主要黄酮成分

建立了RP-HPLC法快速测定淫羊藿中6种主要黄酮成分的方法。色谱条件为:色谱柱:WelchromTMC18(200mm×4.6mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈—水,梯度洗脱;柱温:35℃;流速:1mL/min;检测波长:270nm。结果表明,6种黄酮在27min内达到基线分离。该方法分析时间短、稳定性和准确度良好,对淫羊藿药材的质量控制具有一定的参考价值。     

尖叶莴苣有机酸提取工艺的响应面法优化及其定性定量分析

在单因素试验的基础上，采用响应面（RSM）试验设计优化尖叶莴苣有机酸的提取工艺，并采用超高效液相色谱（UPLC）对提取的有机酸进行定性定量分析。结果表明，通过RSM试验得到尖叶莴苣有机酸最佳提取工艺参数为：超声时间30 min，乙醇体积分数59%，料液质量体积比1∶20（g/mL），超声温度70 ℃，超声功率90%，在此条件下有机酸得率为1.96 mg/g，与理论值（2.06 mg/g）基本符合，通过UPLC对尖叶莴苣中的有机酸进行定性定量分析，检测出苹果酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸、琥珀酸4种有机酸，其中以柠檬酸含量最高（0.86 mg/g），其次为苹果酸（0.4 mg/g）。     

Effects of Paeonol on Expression of Type Ⅰ and Type Ⅲ Collagen of High Glucose Induced Proliferation of Cardiac Fibroblasts

[Objectives]To explore the effects of paeonol on the inhibition of myocardial fibrosis in high glucose induced cardiac fibroblasts(CFs).[Methods]Differential ad...     

高效液相色谱法测定黄皮果实中的有机酸

为深入了解黄皮果实中有机酸,采用水浴超声提取果实中的有机酸、高效液相色谱法测定的方法,对12份黄皮种质果实中有机酸的组分及含量进行研究。结果表明:在色谱柱Venusil XBP C18(T)(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)、流动相为0.01 mol/L(NH4)2HPO4(H3PO4调p H至2.7)、流速1 m L/min、柱温27℃、检测波长210 nm的条件下,黄皮果实中柠檬酸、草酸、乳酸、苹果酸、抗坏血酸、酒石酸得到良好分离,且测定精确灵敏、回收率高、重复性好,标准曲线相关系数为0.9975~0.9996,相对标准偏差为1.02%~1.84%,回收率为95.60%~101.78%。黄皮果实中有机酸以柠檬酸、草酸和苹果酸为主,乳酸在少部分种质中有测出,不同种质果实中柠檬酸、草酸、苹果酸含量分别为0.780~8.090、0.773~4.205、0.478~3.212 mg/(g·FW),分别占总酸的22%~65%、16%~40%、11%~20%。     

食品中柑橘红2号与罗丹明B及苏丹红Ⅰ~Ⅳ的高效液相色谱检验方法

建立高效液相色谱同时测定食品中多种脂溶性染料的含量测定,脂溶性着色剂用正己烷提取后经中性氧化铝固相萃取柱净化,用反相色谱柱分离,高效液相色谱仪测定,外标法定量。样品前处理简单快捷,分离度高,灵敏度高且结果准确可靠,大大提高了实验室的工作效率。     

两种药剂在杨树体内分布动态的超临界流体萃取技术研究

建立了一种利用离线超临界CO2萃取气相色谱(SFE-GC)测定杨树体内中氧化乐果和敌敌畏分布动态的分析方法。超临界CO2萃取杨树体内氧化乐果和敌敌畏的适宜条件为:温度80℃、压力34.48MPa、调节剂甲醇(添加量0.70ml/g)、收集液丙酮、静态萃取时间25min、CO2流量为1ml/min、动态萃取18min。敌敌畏添加回收率为83.87%￣101.91%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.19%￣18.52%,氧化乐果添加回收率为75.34%￣95.43%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.72%￣14.14%,符合残留分析要求。整个分析时间小于3h。     

高效液相色谱法测定菜用大豆鲜籽粒VC含量

为建立菜用大豆鲜籽粒VC含量的高效液相色谱测定方法，采用30 g/L偏磷酸溶液低温提取样品后，进行高效液相色谱分析，色谱柱为Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18柱（4.6 mm×250 mm×5 μm），流动相为1 g/L偏磷酸溶液∶甲醇=96∶4（V/V），流速0.8 mL/min，检测波长243 nm，柱温25 ℃，以保留时间定性，外标法定量。结果表明：VC质量浓度范围为2~40 μg/mL时，其与峰面积呈良好的线性关系（R2=1.000），平均加标回收率为108.14%，相对标准偏差为1.70%。所建立的方法操作简便，灵敏度高，分离度好，结果准确，重复性也比较好，适用于测定菜用大豆鲜籽粒VC含量，为优质菜用大豆的选育和生产提供技术支持。     

免疫亲和层析净化高效液相色谱法测小麦中呕吐毒素不确定度评定

对免疫亲和层析净化高效液相色谱法测小麦中呕吐毒素含量的不确定度进行了评定。参照JJF 1059.1-2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》和CNAS-GL006《化学分析中不确定度的评估指南》,分析测量过程中引入的不确定度分量,计算测量结果的不确定度。通过比较各分量,得出影响检测结果不确定度的主要因素是:试液浓度、精密度和回收率,相对标准不确定度为0.14、0.11和0.021。     

Putative Identification and Adduct Formation of Reference Materials for Cotton Secondary Metabolite using UPLC-ESI-MS Analysis

[Objective] The aim of this study is to establish an method for cotton metabolites identification by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS) analysis, and to investigate the adduct types, dominant adducts and appropriate ESI ion modes of cotton secondary metabolites under the determined UPLC and ESI conditions. [Method] UPLC-ESI-MS was employed to analyze 18 cotton metabolite standards, Online XCMS software was used to extract the nontargeted mass spectrum data, and MATLAB software was used to prepare calculation programs for the identification method of cotton metabolite standards. [Result] A high-throughput identification method of cotton secondary metabolite, named POSid and NEGid separately for the positive and negative ESI modes, was established based on the calculated accurate molecular weight. In the determined UPLC condition and positive and negative ESI mode, 14 cotton metabolite standards were correctly identified. There found 6 adducts including [M+H]⁺, [M+Na]⁺, [M+NH₄]⁺, [2M+NH₄]⁺, [2M+Na]⁺ and [2M+H]⁺ in positive ion mode, and 8 adducts including [M-H]^-, [2M-H]^-, [M+Cl]^-, [M+FA-H]^-, [3M-H]^-, [M+Na-2H]-, [M-H₂O-H]^- and [M+TFA-H]^- in negative ion mode, while 1 to 6 adducts were observed in the mass spectrum of a single standard, and each metabolite standard had a dominant adduct of a preference for ESI mode. Melibose was suitable for ESI positive ion mode detection, gossypol was suitable for both ion modes detection; and 12 compounds were suitable for negative ion mode detection due to mass spectrum signals of their dominant adduct stronger in negative ion mode than positive ion mode. [Conclusion] Based on the accurate molecular weight, the established identifying method can identify the 18 cotton metabolite standards with their nontarget mass spectrometry data. Under the determined UPLC and ESI condition, the dominant adducts of cotton secondary metabolites have the preference of ESI mode. These results provide technical and theoretical data support for further study of cotton metabolomics.     

甘蓝型油菜透明种皮12（TT12）基因家族反义抑制植物表达载体的构建

【研究目的】构建一个同时反义共抑制甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus)透明种皮12基因家族(BnTT12)转录的植物表达载体。【方法】通过PCR扩增得到BnTT12家族一段503bp的特异保守片段TT12A,通过亚克隆整合到中间载体pCambia2301G,构建TT12反义植物表达载体pCambi-a2301G-TT12A。采用液氮冻融法将其转化到根癌农杆菌。【结果】经过PCR鉴定、酶切鉴定和DNA测序证实载体构建成功,并转化到根癌农杆菌LBA4404菌株中形成TT12反义表达载体的工程菌株。【结论】pCambia2301G-TT12A的成功构建为利用此反义载体通过遗传转化获得转基因新型黄籽油菜和进一步探明TT12基因在甘蓝型油菜种皮色素合成途径中的分子生物学机理奠定了基础。     

通过GbF3’H基因单独沉默及其与GbCHI和GbDFR基因共沉默研究其在海岛棉中抗枯萎病功能

【目的】通过沉默海岛棉GbF3’H基因及共沉默GbF3’H、GbCHI和Gb DFR基因,研究其在海岛棉抗枯萎病中的作用。【方法】以海岛棉抗病材料06-146为研究对象,GhCLA1基因为阳性对照,空载体为阴性对照,构建海岛棉TRV2-Gb F3’H沉默载体,协同课题组前期构建的TRV2-CHI和TRV2-DFR载体,利用病毒诱导的基因沉默技术(Virus-induced gene silencing,VIGS)分别进行Gb F3’H基因单独沉默以及GbF3’H、GbCHI和Gb DFR这3种基因共沉默试验。通过实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction,q RT-PCR)分析各处理样品中基因沉默情况;设置室内接种枯萎病菌试验测定病情指数,分析各沉默材料对枯萎病的抗性差异。【结果】q RT-PCR结果显示,海岛棉GbF3’H基因沉默后其在海岛棉根、茎和叶中的表达量比空载体对照低,Gb F3’H、GbCHI和GbDFR这3种基因共沉默后其在海岛棉根、茎和叶中的表达量均比空载体对照低。病情指数调查结果显示,野生型<空载体对照相似文献   

基于SFE-GC/MS技术的敌敌畏在柳树中的传导与分布

建立了一种利用超临界CO2萃取-气质联用(SFE-GC/MS)技术测定树干注药后柳树中敌敌畏残留量的分析方法。超临界CO2萃取柳树组织中敌敌畏的适宜条件为:温度40℃、压力34.48MPa、静态萃取时间20min、动态萃取CO2体积为20ml(1.0ml/min)、夹带剂甲醇(添加量0.15ml/g)、收集液丙酮。通过上述方法对柳树体内各组织中敌敌畏含量动态变化测定结果表明:敌敌畏经树干注药可在柳树体内经木质部长距离传导,分布于树体各组织中。树干注药后不同时间,敌敌畏在柳树树冠内不同部位的传导、分布存在较大差异。药剂进入木质部后,首先沿注药孔上方输导组织随蒸腾流纵向传导,进入注药孔上方的叶片中。树干注药24h时,树体各部位叶片内药剂含量差异最大,随着时间的延长,药剂在树体内逐渐降解,含量逐渐降低,各部位叶片内药剂含量差异也逐渐缩小,96h后在树冠各部位趋于均衡分布。树干注药初期叶片内药剂含量大于树体其他部位,随时间的延长,含量逐渐下降。注药7d后,药剂在树体各部位趋于均匀分布。     

不同光质对菊花组培苗生长的影响

本文研究新型光源LED辐射的不同光质对菊花组培苗生长的影响,以期为植物组培专用LED光源的研发提供数据支持和理论依据。以菊花组培苗为试材,采用LEDs光源发射的单色光谱红光[(658±20) nm]、蓝光[(460±20) nm]、远红光[(730±20) nm]和绿光[(530±20) nm],进行不同光质配比组合,荧光灯作为对照,对组培苗形态、生根,色素含量,碳氮代谢及抗氧化酶系活性进行差异比较。菊花组培苗在红光下徒长,能效最大。蓝光下矮壮,根系活力最大,复合LEDs光质下,组培苗形态正常。RBG处理的菊花组培苗叶片色素含量最高。红光有利于叶绿素b的合成,蓝光有利于叶绿素a的合成。单频红光处理的菊花叶片淀粉含量最高,RBG处理的叶片可溶性糖、碳水化合物蔗糖、游离氨基酸含量最高。蓝光有利于蛋白质的合成,LEDs光质处理的叶片C/N比高于荧光灯。随着LEDs技术的改进与发展, LEDs光照系统将会替代荧光灯成为植物组织培养的理想光源。     

应用叶片保护率评价阿维菌素对小菜蛾的毒力

研究目的】尝试采用叶片保护率评价阿维菌素对小菜蛾（Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus)）2龄、3龄幼虫的毒力,以期为该药毒力的准确评价提供资料。【研究方法】浸叶法测定阿维菌素对小菜蛾2龄、3龄幼虫室内毒力的同时,观察记录24h、48h、72h校正死亡率、叶片保护率【结果】对小菜蛾2龄幼虫,24h、48h、72h的LC50分别为>10.00mg/L、2.87mg/L、0.56mg/L;相同时间内PC50分别为0.25 mg/L、0.82mg/L、1.43mg/L。对3龄幼虫,24h、48h、72h的LC50分别为>10.00mg/L、6.20mg/L、3.00mg/L;相同时间内PC50分别为<0.16mg/L、0.04mg/L、4.25mg/L。【结论】根据叶片保护率,可以发现阿维菌素对小菜蛾影响快,但是当阿维菌素毒力达到稳定时,必须有较高的校正死亡率,否则达不到理想的叶面保护效果。     

柑橘属果实中类黄酮成分的高效液相色谱标准化测定方法

针对目前尚无柑橘属果实中黄酮类化合物标准化测定方法,建立了高效液相色谱同时测定柑橘属果实中类黄酮成分柚皮苷、橙皮苷和新橙皮苷含量的标准化方法。以Waters Atlantis T3- C18色谱柱 （4.6×150 mm,3μm）分离,柱温40℃;以乙腈-0.5%乙酸溶液（体积比为20:80）为流动相,流速为1.0 mL/min;采用二极管阵列检测器,检测波长283nm。柚皮苷、橙皮苷和新橙皮苷的线性范围分别为1～500 μg/mL(r=0．9999),1～500 μg/mL ( r=1.0000),1～500 μg/mL (r=0．999 9),加标回收率都在95%以上。方法学考察结果显示符合测定要求,并适用于柑橘属果实的测定。该方法操作简便、快速,结果可靠,重现性好,可用来研究柑橘属果实中的类黄酮成分含量。