湘西植烟土壤有机质含量分布及其影响因素

为了解湘西州植烟土壤有机质含量分布状况及其影响因素,测试了湘西州7个主要烟区488个土壤样本的有机质含量,采用传统统计学和地统计学方法分析了湘西州植烟土壤有机质含量分布及土壤类型、海拔高度、pH值等影响因素。结果表明:1湘西州植烟土壤有机质含量总体适宜,平均值为21.69g/kg,变幅为3.12~62.97g/kg,变异系数为40.64%,处于适宜范围内的样本占41.48%;2不同县之间的植烟土壤有机质含量差异达极显著水平,永顺县、凤凰县、龙山县植烟土壤有机质含量总体上处于适宜水平,其他各县总体处于较低水平;3湘西州植烟土壤有机质含量在空间分布上是从东北部、西部和西南部向州中部及东南方向减少,在永顺县东南部、保靖县的西部各有一个高值区;4不同植烟类型土壤的有机质含量差异达显著水平,灰黄棕土、水稻土、灰黄泥、浅灰黄泥、黄壤的有机质含量属适宜水平,其他类型土壤的有机质含量偏低;5不同海拔高度的植烟土壤有机质含量差异达极显著水平,湘西州植烟土壤有机质含量有随海拔升高而升高的趋势;6不同pH的植烟土壤有机质含量差异极显著,主要为pH>7.0的植烟土壤有机质含量较高。     

喀斯特地区湘西州植烟土壤pH分布特征及其影响因素

为了解湘西州植烟土壤pH特征,于2015年采集湘西烟区1 242个土壤样本,采用传统统计学和地统计学方法分析了湘西州植烟土壤pH区域分布和空间分布特征及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)湘西烟区植烟土壤pH变幅为4.17~8.17,平均值为6.12,变异系数为18.30%;处于植烟土壤pH适宜范围内(pH为5.5~7.0)的样本占34.06%,pH小于5.0的植烟土壤样本为20.77%,pH大于7.5的植烟土壤样本为18.20%;(2)7个主产烟县植烟土壤pH平均值在5.44~6.84;不同县植烟土壤pH差异极显著;(3)植烟土壤pH有从西向东递减的分布趋势;(4)成土母岩、土壤类型、水土流失状况、灌溉能力、海拔高度、耕作层厚度、有机质含量、土壤颗粒组成显著影响植烟土壤pH;(5)水土流失严重、无灌溉能力和耕作层较浅的烟田、紫色砂页岩发育的土壤、红壤和红黄壤以及粘粒比例较大的土壤容易酸化;(6)土壤pH呈现出随海拔降低和有机质含量升高而升高的趋势。     

喀斯特地区植烟土壤有效硼含量分布及其影响因素—— 以湘西州烟区为例

采集湘西州488个植烟土壤样本,采用传统统计学和地统计学方法分析了湘西州植烟土壤有效硼含量分布及其影响因素。结果表明：①湘西州植烟土壤有效硼含量总体上略偏高,平均值为0.728 mg/kg,变幅在0.05?～?2.21 mg/kg,变异系数为53.46%,处于适宜范围内的样本占30.00%。②植烟土壤有效硼含量在空间分布上呈斑块状分布态势,永顺县的西部为一个低值区,东部为一个高值区。③蔬菜和油菜前茬的土壤有效硼含量相对较高;黄棕壤土壤的有效硼含量极显著地高于红灰土和红壤土类型。④有效硼含量有随海拔、pH、土壤有机质含量升高而升高的趋势。     

龙山县植烟土壤有效硼含量空间分布及其影响因素

为了研究龙山县植烟土壤有效硼分布状况及影响因素,以期为龙山县植烟土壤硼素的养分管理及特色优质烟叶开发提供理论依据;在龙山县采集植烟土壤样本294个,采用地统计学、多元统计学方法研究植烟土壤有效硼的空间分布及其影响因素,从描述性统计结果来看,龙山县植烟土壤有效硼含量总体丰富,平均值为0.792mg/kg,但变异较大,适宜样本比例为33.33%;从地统计分析结果来看,龙山县北部及东南部有效硼含量丰富,西部较为缺乏;影响因素研究的结果显示,随着海拔高度上升土壤有效硼呈先上升后下降的趋势;土壤有效硼与交换性钙及交换性镁呈极显著正相关关系;土壤有效硼含量随土壤有机质含量升高而升高;土壤有效硼含量随土壤pH值升高而升高。龙山县植烟土壤有效硼含量较为丰富,海拔高度、土壤质地和类型、有机质、pH值、交换性钙镁都影响土壤有效硼含量,土壤有效硼区域差异较大,建议在西部缺硼区域适当增施硼肥。     

凉攀区植烟土壤酚酸类物质的含量分布和变异特征

以四川凉攀区植烟土壤为研究对象,研究了不同海拔高度、土壤类型、植烟年限和前茬作物下植烟土壤酚酸类物质的含量分布和变异特征。结果表明:(1)植烟过程显著增加了土壤酚酸类物质的累积,变异系数均超过了50%,单类酚酸物质中以对羟基苯甲酸的含量最高(66.18μg/g);(2)除阿魏酸、肉桂酸外,1 600～2 000 m海拔高度的植烟土壤中酚酸类物质含量高于1 200～1 600 m海拔高度;海拔高度超过2 000 m后,土壤酚酸类物质(除水溶性酚外)的含量反而下降。(3)植烟水稻土酚酸类物质含量高于紫色土和红壤;对同一土壤不同区域而言,仁和区红壤的总酚和复合态酚平均含量和变异系数均明显高于盐源县,平均含量增幅分别为10.23%和20.51%。(4)植烟土壤酚酸类物质含量明显高于非植烟土壤,除土壤水溶性酚以及会东县土壤的苯甲酸、肉桂酸平均含量的最大值均在植烟年限为1～3 a的土壤外,该烟区土壤的酚酸类物质含量随植烟年限的增加呈增加趋势。(5)前茬未种植作物时(即冬闲),植烟土壤酚酸类物质含量较高,促进了酚酸类物质的累积;光叶紫花苕为前茬作物时,对植烟土壤酚酸类物质有一定的消解作用,降低了土壤中酚酸类物质的累积,尤其对总酚、复合态酚和对羟基苯甲酸的消减作用最为明显。总体上,海拔高度较低、种植年限较短、前茬作物为光叶紫花苕的红壤中酚酸类物质含量较低,因此在凉攀区,在红壤中种植光叶紫花苕这类绿肥可以消减植烟土壤酚酸类物质的累积。     

曲靖植烟土壤pH分布特征及其影响因素研究

为探明曲靖植烟土壤pH状况,在曲靖烟区采集土壤样品3 456份,分析其土壤pH空间变异情况及影响因素。结果表明,曲靖植烟土壤pH均值为6.28,变幅为4.16~8.50,pH值<5.5的土壤样品所占比例为24.36%,pH值>7的土壤样品所占比例为22.56%;各县植烟土壤pH均值在5.43~6.57之间。曲靖植烟土壤pH空间结构为指数模型,其空间变异由结构因子和随机因子共同决定,不同等级呈插花状分布。海拔高度、地形地貌、土壤类型、土壤质地、有机质含量、盐基阳离子和阴离子均显著或极显著影响植烟土壤pH;随着海拔升高,土壤pH呈下降趋势;不同土壤类型以黄壤土pH最高,红壤土pH最低;不同质地土壤以中壤土pH最低,以砂壤土pH最高;土壤pH与土壤有机质含量、速效钾、有效钙含量、有效镁含量和阳离子总量等均符合对数函数模型;土壤pH与土壤有效硫符合“Ⅴ”字型分段线性模型,与水溶性氯符合对数函数模型。本研究结果为曲靖烟区土壤保育提供了科学依据。     

毕节烟区土壤pH值分布状况及与土壤养分的关系

分析了贵州省毕节市植烟土壤pH的分布状况及与土壤养分的关系。研究表明,毕节市植烟土壤pH平均值为6.39,变异系数为11.87%,pH值处于最适宜范围(5.5~6.5)的土壤样本数占总样本数的44.83%;各县(市)pH最适宜的土壤样本数占各地总样本的比例由高到低顺序为:金沙(67.44%)>织金(64.29%)>大方(54.84%)>七星关(47.54%)>黔西(36.59%)>威宁(35.19%)>赫章(24.24%)>纳雍(15.38%)。不同土壤类型pH平均值高低顺序为:石灰土>紫色土>潮土>黄壤>黄棕壤;毕节烟区土壤pH与全氮含量呈极显著正相关,与有效硼和有效锌的含量呈显著正相关,而与铵态氮、有效锰、有效铁的含量呈现极显著负相关。毕节市植烟土壤的有机质、全氮、有效硫、铜、锰、铁的含量丰富,但全磷、有效硼、水溶性氯的含量偏低或极低。     

大理州植烟土壤理化性状与烟叶化学成分相关性分析

为明确大理白族自治州(简称大理州)植烟土壤理化特征与烟叶化学成分的关系,采集并分析了大理州12个植烟县(市)的土壤和烟叶样品.结果 表明:①大理州植烟土壤质地为重壤土,pH值和速效钾适宜,有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、水溶性氯和有效硼偏高,其中大理市速效钾偏低,漾濞水溶性氯偏高.②大理州烟叶总糖和糖碱比偏高,其他指标适宜.其...     

湘西植烟土壤pH和主要养分特征及其相互关系

为了解湘西烟区植烟土壤pH和主要养分特征及其相互关系,于2015年采集烟区1 242个土壤样本,研究了植烟土壤pH、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的适宜性分布、县域分布以及pH与这些养分指标的量化关系。结果表明:1湘西烟区植烟土壤pH平均值为6.12,有20.77%样品偏酸和18.20%的样品偏碱;有机质和碱解氮含量的平均值分别为28.42 g/kg和145.63 mg/kg,总体上处于适宜水平;有效磷含量的平均值为28.94 mg/kg,有近40%样品偏高;速效钾含量平均值为198.76 mg/kg,有近45%的样品偏低。2主产烟县植烟土壤pH和养分差异极显著。3土壤主要养分含量与pH之间呈现曲线关系;当pH5.5时或pH8.0时,随土壤pH变化,主要养分含量变化较大;当pH在5.5~8.0时,随土壤pH变化,主要养分含量变化平缓。当pH5.5时,随土壤pH升高,有机质、碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量快速下降;当pH在5.5~8.0时,随土壤pH升高,有机质、有效磷和速效钾含量缓慢升高,碱解氮含量缓慢下降;当pH8.0时,随土壤pH升高,有机质、碱解氮、有效磷含量快速下降,速效钾含量快速升高。     

昆明烟区植烟土壤pH与中微量元素时空变异性研究

分析昆明烟区5个年度（2012—2020年）共4 888份植烟土壤pH和中微量营养元素的年际变化特征，为预测和阻控土壤酸化及科学配施中微量营养元素提供理论基础。结果表明，2012—2020年：①pH均值介于6.0~6.4，主要分布在微酸性至中性范围，随种植年限的增加，强酸性土壤频度增加，微酸性和中性土壤减少；②有机质均值变幅为29.7~32.2 g/kg，自2018年后有所下降；③交换性镁均值介于240.6~270.7 mg/kg，整体较丰富，随种植年限增加略有降低；④有效锌主要分布在很高等级，有效硼和水溶性氯主要分布在低和很低等级；⑤除pH外，5个年度的土壤有机质、交换性镁、有效锌、有效硼和水溶性氯样本的空间变异性较高。综上所述，在常规施肥管理模式下，昆明烟区植烟土壤酸碱度、有机质和交换性镁含量整体适宜，近年来有缓慢下降趋势；有效硼和水溶性氯含量整体偏低，均表现出一定的时空异质性。因此，基于昆明烟区常规施肥水平上，在注重提高有机肥和硼肥施用量，降低锌肥施用量的同时，应保持土壤交换性镁和水溶性氯的平衡。     

Soil-profile distribution of primary and secondary plant-available nutrients under conventional and no tillage

Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate.     

Assessing the effectiveness of conservation measures: Resolving the “wicked” problem of the Steller sea lion

“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options.     

Enhanced establishment and growth of giant cardon cactus in an eroded field in the Sonoran Desert using native legume trees as nurse plants aided by plant growth-promoting microorganisms and compost

To evaluate the feasibility of long-term desert reforestation technology of mixed vegetation, cardon cactus (Pachycereus pringlei) seedlings from indoor and outdoor nurseries were planted in the field adjacent to one seedling of potential legume nurse trees: mesquite amargo (Prosopis articulata), yellow palo verde (Parkinsonia microphylla), and blue palo verde (Parkinsonia florida). Some of the planting holes were also supplemented with common dairy compost. Additionally, the combinations of legume tree–cactus were inoculated with either a consortium of desert arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB; the diazotroph Azospirillum brasilense Cd, and the phosphate solubilizer Paenibacillus sp.), or a mixture of all. The field experiments were evaluated periodically during 30 months for survival and growth. Cardons reared in an outdoor screen house survived better in the field than those reared in a controlled growth chamber and hardened later outdoors. Association with any legume nurse tree increased survival and enhanced growth of untreated cardons. For cardons growing alone, application of either compost, AM fungi, and all the treatments combined increased survival. For these plants, no treatment affected plant growth during the first 3 months after transplanting. Later, all treatments, except for AM fungi, enhanced plant growth. However, only 2 years after transplanting the enhanced growth effect of AM fungi was also significant. In the presence of the legume nurse trees, transient positive effects on cardon growth were recorded. General evaluation after 30 months of cultivation showed that the treatments positively affected cardon growth when growing alone or in combination only with mesquite amargo but not with the other two legume trees. This study proposes that young legume trees have the capacity to enhance survival and growth of cardon cactus, depending on the legume cactus combination. Additional treatments such as compost or PGPB can either amplify the effect or else attenuate it.     

Karyotypic and genome size variation in Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. (pigeonpea) and some wild relatives

Detailed karyotypes and 4C DNA amounts have been studied in five cultivars of Cajanus cajan and 20 species belonging to Cajanus, Rhynchosia, Dunbaria, Flemingia and Paracalyx. C. cajan shows intraspecific variability and its karyotype is most similar to that of C. cajanifolius (sect. Cajanus) in the morphology and number of satellite chromosomes and the lack of any correlation between chromosome size within the complement and asymmetry. Karyotypes of C. lineatus and C. sericeus belonging to sect. Atylia are similar with respect to maximum r-index and the ratio of longest and shortest chromosomes in their respective complements. C. acutifolius (sect. Frutocosa) is distinct in having a very low ratio (1.44) between the longest and the shortest chromosomes, while in C. albicans, C. goensis, C. scarabaeoides (sect. Cantharospermum) there is no chromosome pair with r-index >2.0. C. mollis and C. volubilis (sect. Volubilis) show similarity with regard to ratio between the longest and the shortest chromosomes and a distinct chromosome pair with an arm ratio of 2.7 and C. platycarpus is distinct (sect. Rhynchosoides) in having the smallest ratio (1.36) between the longest and the shortest chromosomes. 4C DNA amounts in Cajanus and Rhynchosia vary between 3.28 pg to 11.69 pg and 4.92 pg to 11.13 pg respectively, while in Dunbaria, Flemingia and Paracalyx these vary between 4.70 and 7:06 pg. In the genus Cajanus karyotypic features and 4C DNA amounts agree with the sectional classification and bring out a close relationship between C. cajan and C. cajanifolius. This is supported by studies based on seed protein patterns, isozyme analysis, trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitor patterns, RFLP and RAPD data and crossability relationships. A clear relation between DNA amount and abnormalities effecting the extent of pairing and recombination in interspecific hybrids shows the importance of this study in developing future breeding programme involving C. cajan and its wild relatives that are of potential value.     

Effect of some fungicide seed treatments on the survival of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and on the nodulation and yield of soybean [Glycine max. (L) Merr.]

Several commercial fungicide seed treatments were evaluated for their possible effect on the survival of Bradyrhizobium japonicum on seeds and on the nodulation and yield of soybeans in a greenhouse and a field experiment. quinolate Pro (carbendazim and oxine copper), Vitavax 200FF (carboxin and thiram), and Monceren (pencycuron) had a small effect or no effect on the survival of B. japonicum and on the nodulation and yield of soybeans. They can thus be considered compatible with soybean seed inoculation. Germipro UFB (carbendazim and iprodione), Apron 35J (metalaxyl), and Tachigaren (hymexazol) decreased B. japonicum survival and the nodulation and yield of soybeans and thus cannot be considered compatible with soybean seed inoculation.     

Einfluss der düngungsmethoden auf die entwicklung von zuckerrübenkrankheiten

Während neunjähriger (1994-2002) Untersuchungen in der Versuchsanstalt Ba?cyny (Fahlerde, Fall-Gleyboden, ausgebildet aus leichtem Lehmboden) wurde der Befall mit Krankheiten an der Zuckerrübe in Abhängigkeit von der Düngungsmethode bewertet. Folgende Methoden wurden angewendet: A - Mineraldünger, B - Stalldung und Mineraldünger, C - Stroh-, Gründung und Mineraldünger, D - Kompostdünger und Biopräparate (ökologische Düngung). Auf den Objekten A, B, C wurden bei konstanter Phosphor-Kalium-Düngung die Stickstoffgaben von 0 bis 180 kg.ha^?1 differenziert. Auf dem ökologischen Objekt D ohne Mineraldünger wurden statt Stickstoff die Biopräparate P₅₀₀ und P₅₀₁ verabreicht. Der geringste Befall von Krankheiten wurde an der Zuckerrübe auf jenem Objekt festgestellt, das mit Kompost und den Biopräparaten gedüngt worden war. Im Rahmen der konventionellen Düngungsmethoden wurde allgemein die höchste Intensität der Krankheiten an der mit Stroh, Gründung und Mineraldünger gedüngten Zuckerrübe beobachtet. Ausnahmen von dieser Regel bildete das Vorkommen von echtem Mehltau und Keimlingsfäule. Auf den Objekten A, B, C nahm die Intensität der Krankheiten mit der Steigerung der Stickstoffgabe zu. Auch die auf Objekt D verabreichten Biopräparate stimulierten die Entwicklung der Krankheiten. The effect of various fertilization methods on the diseases of sugar beet was estimated on the basis of nine-year studies (1994-2002) conducted in the Experimental Production Farm in Ba?cyny on loess-based, sedimentary-gley, light-clay soil. The following fertilization methods were applied: A - mineral fertilization, B - mineral and manure fertilization, C - straw, green manure and mineral fertilization, D - ecological compost and biodynamic preparations fertilization. In the objects A, B and C fertilized with phosphorus and potassium, various doses of nitrogen ranging from 0 to 180 kg/ha^?1 were used. In the ecological object D, where mineral fertilization was not used, biodynamic preparations P₅₀₀ and P₅₀₁ were applied instead of nitrogen. The lowest ratio of the diseases of sugar beet was observed in the object fertilized with the compost and biodynamic preparations. In view of the conventional fertilization methods, generally the highest incidence of diseases was noted in the sugar beet fertilized with straw, green manure and mineral fertilizers. The exception was the occurrence of powdery mildew and the black leg. In objects A, B and C the incidence of the diseases increased with the increase in nitrogen doses. The applied biodynamical preparations in the object D stimulated the development of diseases too.     

Prospects for control of Pythium damping-off of lettuce with Trichoderma,Gliocladium and Enterobacter spp.

Summary Damping-off of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) caused by Pythium ultimum was studied in pots containing a non-sterile potting mix in the glasshouse. Fifty P. ultimum sporangia g^-1 compost reduced the plant stand to 15% and shoot dry weight to 18%, but this reduction was totally prevented by applying Trichoderma harzianum at 2×10⁵ viable propagules g^-1 potting mix. Gliocladium virens and Enterobacter cloacae also alleviated the damping-off. E. cloacae did not adversely affect the action of the fungal antagonists. The co-existence of the bacterial and fungal antagonists was revealed on the root surface and inner surface of the testa by scanning electron microscopy, indicating the compatibility of the biocontrol agents.     

细菌、真菌及植物氮营养信号研究进展

氮素吸收代谢是所有生物生命活动的核心部分,因此,各种生物对氮的吸收与同化过程都有精细的调节。这种调节依赖于生物对体内氮素状况信号及体外（生长介质中）氮素信号的感受。过去几十年中,在细菌、真菌中已经对氮素营养信号有了较好的研究,而植物中则相对缓慢,但也有了一定的认识。本文重点比较细菌、真菌及植物中氮信号系统的组成,以期为进一步认识植物中的氮信号接受与转导系统提供启示。     

Potential of wild species for genetic enhancement of some semi-arid food crops

Discovery and incorporation of genes from wild species provide means to sustain crop improvement, particularly when levels of resistance in the cultigens are low and virulent strains of pests and pathogens overcome the host plant resistance. The extent of utilization and the potential of the wild genepool for genetic enhancement were reviewed in five important food crops viz. sorghum, pearl millet, chickpea, pigeonpea and groundnut grown in the semi-arid tropics. Introgression from compatible wild germplasm in the primary gene pool resulted in transfer of new cytoplasmic male sterility systems in pearl millet and pigeonpea, development of high protein, cleistogamous flower and dwarf pigeonpea lines and foliar disease resistant groundnut cultivars. Utilization of wild species in secondary and tertiary gene pools has been generally limited due to sterility, restricted recombination or cross incompatibility. Nevertheless, these species are extremely important as they contain high levels of resistance to several important biotic and abiotic stresses. Several of them, like those belonging to the Parasorghum section and the rhizomatous Arachis species are sources of multiple resistances and hold great promise to sustain crop productivity.     

“绿色革命”以来大气CO2浓度升高对C3作物营养品质的影响

自20世纪60年代"绿色革命"以来,育种技术和农耕技术的发展促进了农作物产量的大幅提升,然而作物的营养品质出现下降趋势。在相似的遗传背景下,大气CO_2浓度升高会使单位体积农作物产品的营养元素含量下降,因此"绿色革命"至今,农作物产品的营养元素下降可能受大气CO_2浓度升高影响。通过植物生长箱模拟"绿色革命"初期和目前的大气CO_2浓度水平(310μmol/mol和400μmol/mol),针对主要C_3作物水稻、小麦和大豆,研究"绿色革命"以来大气CO_2浓度升高对其籽粒的C、N、Fe、Zn元素含量的影响,结果表明:CO_2浓度升高对3种作物籽粒的C元素含量几乎没有影响,变化幅度在±1.5%之间;籽粒的N、Fe、Zn元素含量普遍呈现下降趋势,但均未达到显著水平。