臭氧处理对切分青椒贮藏品质的影响

为了探讨臭氧气体对切分蔬菜贮藏品质的影响,该文以青椒为材料,分别研究了2.14、4.28、6.42和8.56mg/cm3质量浓度臭氧气体处理下切分青椒在5～8℃贮藏条件下的硬度、叶绿素含量、Vc的含量、菌落总数和感官品质的变化。试验结果表明:适当浓度的臭氧处理可显著抑制切分青椒叶绿素含量、Vc含量、感官品质和硬度的下降,并对微生物有明显的杀灭作用;以6.42mg/cm3臭氧质量浓度下处理15min,切分青椒5～8℃下贮藏6d感观评价得分为32分,基本保持了新鲜青椒色、味、香品质;2.14mg/cm3的处理组臭氧浓度过低保鲜效果不明显,8.56mg/cm3的处理组因臭氧浓度过高,贮藏效果低于未处理组。研究结果可为切分蔬菜的保鲜贮藏提供参考。     

冰温结合臭氧对销地红提葡萄保鲜效果研究

为确定冰温(-1℃)条件下红提葡萄贮藏保鲜的适宜臭氧浓度,分别以2.5mg·L-1和5mg·L-1质量浓度的臭氧对冰温下贮藏的红提葡萄进行间歇式处理,并在贮藏期间定期对葡萄的品质和生理指标进行测定。结果表明,臭氧有很好的抑菌效果。与对照相比,臭氧组降低了葡萄的腐烂率、落粒率,延缓了可溶性固形物(SSC)和可滴定酸(TA)含量的下降,其中低质量浓度的臭氧(2.5mg·L-1)较高浓度(5mg·L-1)具有更好的保鲜效果。因此冰温条件下,红提葡萄贮藏保鲜的适宜臭氧浓度为2.5 mg·L-1。该研究为筛选葡萄安全有效、经济实用的非硫保鲜方法提供了参考。     

鲜食葡萄SO2气体精准熏蒸保鲜控制系统设计

鲜食葡萄商业化贮藏保鲜主要采用二氧化硫(SO_2)熏蒸方式处理,但保鲜产品释放SO_2不均匀,熏蒸杀菌不完全,易产生漂白斑点和药害积累等问题。为了精准控制熏蒸过程中SO_2浓度变化,减少SO_2在葡萄果实中的残留积累,该文采用SO_2气体浓度控制装置、熏蒸装置和气体回收装置相结合的形式,设计了一套SO_2熏蒸葡萄装置的控制设备,在可编程逻辑控制器(programmable logic controller, PLC)有序控制下,通过组态王软件(Kingview 6.55)实现SO_2熏蒸浓度、熏蒸温、湿度及压力的实时监测。在对木纳格葡萄进行短时SO_2熏蒸处理的过程中,熏蒸系统能够精确控制SO_2浓度和压强,并使残留SO_2气体回收率达99%以上。熏蒸装置可以精准控制SO_2熏蒸浓度,当熏蒸浓度为3 000μL/L,时间为10 min,压强为0.05 MPa时,熏蒸装置能够有效抑制木纳格葡萄果梗褐变指数、果实腐烂率、失质量率、落粒率及漂白指数的增加,维持果实的硬度,保持了木纳格葡萄果实的品质,降低了果实中SO_2的残留,同时可进行SO_2残留气体回收,提升了熏蒸装置的使用安全性和鲜食葡萄的食用安全性,该研究结果可为鲜食葡萄储藏提供参考。     

臭氧处理和低温保藏对黄鱼保鲜效果

探讨臭氧水及低温保藏对黄鱼的保鲜效果。分别使用098、312和468mg/L 3种浓度的臭氧水对冰鲜黄鱼进行处理,浸泡时间分别为5、10和15min,低温4℃下贮藏至10d。结果表明,臭氧浓度越高、浸泡时间越长,杀菌及保鲜效果越好。使用浓度为468mg/L的臭氧水浸泡处理黄鱼15min后杀菌效果最好,其TVB-N值第6天为2353mg/100g,结合感官指标,黄鱼保鲜期比对照延长2d。试验结果表明,臭氧水可有效用于黄鱼的保鲜。     

ClO2处理对兰州百合低温贮藏的防腐保鲜效果

为了探索食用百合鳞茎采后耐久保鲜方法,以兰州百合鳞茎为试材,研究了ClO2处理对百合鳞茎在（-3±1）℃贮藏温度下的防腐保鲜效果。结果表明：不同浓度ClO2熏蒸处理1?h均能降低百合贮藏期间的腐烂指数,其中6?mg/L 浓度ClO2处理时腐烂指数最低,该处理也降低了百合贮藏期间的呼吸强度,抑制了贮藏期间可滴定酸和丙二醛含量的升高、维生素C含量的降低和贮藏后期可溶性糖含量的降低,保证了百合鳞茎贮藏期间的风味品质。ClO2浓度较低或过高时,保鲜效果均有所降低。研究结果认为适宜浓度的ClO2可作为防腐保鲜剂在百合鳞茎的实际贮运中应用。     

茶树油熏蒸处理对草莓果实采后病害和品质的影响

为了研究茶树油对草莓防腐保鲜的作用效果,对人工接种灰葡萄孢霉（Botrytis cinerea）和根霉（Rhizopus stolonifer）的草莓果实进行不同浓度、不同时间的茶树油熏蒸处理,测定20℃贮藏下的病害发生情况,并运用体外实验研究该熏蒸处理对病原菌孢子萌发和菌丝生长的影响。同时,还分析了接受该处理的果实在贮藏期间的品质变化趋势。研究发现：茶树油熏蒸处理可降低草莓果实灰霉病和根霉病的发病率和病斑直径,抑制其孢子萌发和菌丝生长,减缓草莓果实在贮藏期间的品质下降。结果表明茶树油熏蒸用于草莓保鲜是可行的,浓度为2000 mg/L熏蒸3 h即可有效延长草莓货架期2-3 d。     

臭氧发生器产量及冷库类型与臭氧积累量关系(简报)

冷藏配合臭氧处理进行果蔬保鲜是一项新型的保鲜方式。掌握不同产量的臭氧发生器在不同类型冷库中应用时臭氧浓度的变化规律,对果蔬贮藏具有重要意义。该文研究了臭氧产量分别为0.2、0.49 和0.94 g/h的3种臭氧发生器,分别放置在两种类型、容积均为100 m3、温度为（0±0.5）℃冷库中,臭氧浓度的积累规律。结果表明,臭氧发生器的产量对库内臭氧积累量有极显著影响,随发生器产量的增大积累浓度增加。装配式气调库在120～140 min、砖混结构冷库在60～90 min时臭氧浓度达到最高值,而后基本维持在最高值时的浓度水平上。产量为0.94、0.49 和0.2 g/h的3种臭氧发生器在装配式冷库中臭氧累积最高浓度分别为1.37、0.71和0.30 mg/m3,臭氧浓度与时间的回归曲线相关系数分别是0.9234、0.9252和0.9689;在砖混结构冷库中,臭氧累积最高浓度分别为1.25、0.62和0.23 mg/m3,臭氧浓度与时间的回归曲线相关系数分别是0.7293、0.8816和0.9105。装配式气调库内臭氧累积浓度显著高于砖混结构冷库内臭氧累积浓度。     

NO处理对草莓果实采后品质和苯丙烷类代谢的影响

为探讨NO处理在草莓果实采后保鲜中的作用机制,以红艳草莓为材料,定期测定草莓果实室温下的品质、抗氧化物质含量、细胞膜脂质过氧化程度和苯丙烷类代谢的变化。结果表明,NO熏蒸处理能有效抑制草莓果实采后腐烂,其最优浓度为20μL·L~(-1)。NO处理可显著抑制草莓果实贮藏期间可溶性固形物含量的下降,降低细胞膜过氧化程度,保持较好品质;也可显著提高草莓果实中苯丙氨酸解氨酶、4-香豆酰辅酶A连接酶、肉桂醛羟化酶和查尔酮异构酶等苯丙烷类代谢相关酶的活性,增加总酚、花色苷和总黄酮的积累,提高草莓果实的抗氧化活性。因此,适宜浓度的NO处理(20μL·L~(-1))可提高草莓果实贮藏品质,延长保鲜期。本研究为丰富草莓果实采后保鲜技术提供了较好的理论和应用价值。     

茶树油熏蒸对草莓采后病害和品质的影响

为了研究茶树油对草莓保鲜的作用效果,对人工接种灰葡萄孢霉（Botrytis cinerea）和根霉（Rhizopus stolonifer）的草莓果实进行不同质量浓度、不同时间的茶树油熏蒸处理,测定20℃贮藏下的病害发生情况,并运用体外试验研究该熏蒸处理对病原菌孢子萌发和菌丝生长的影响。同时,还分析了接受该处理的果实在贮藏期间的品质变化趋势。研究发现：茶树油熏蒸处理可降低草莓果实灰霉病和根霉病的发病率和病斑直径,抑制其孢子萌发和菌丝生长,减缓草莓果实在贮藏期间失重率的上升,维持较高的硬度、可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量。结果表明茶树油熏蒸用于草莓保鲜是可行的,质量浓度为2?000 mg/L,熏蒸3 h可明显延长草莓货架期。     

不同1-甲基环丙烯熏蒸处理对甘薯贮藏保鲜及抗氧化能力的影响

甘薯在常温环境下放置极易出现失重、腐烂、发芽等问题,较难贮藏。为明确不同1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)熏蒸处理对甘薯贮藏保鲜及抗氧化能力的影响,并筛选出适宜甘薯常温贮藏的保鲜技术,本试验以烟薯25号为试验材料,研究不同熏蒸浓度(0.5、1.0、2.0、4.0、8.0 μL·L^-1)、不同熏蒸时间(6、12、24、36、48 h)及其交互作用对甘薯贮藏保鲜效果的影响,并通过模糊评价方法对不同1-MCP处理组在不同贮藏时间(0、7、14、22、30、60、90、120 d)的动态时间点上进行综合评判与分析。结果表明,在相同熏蒸时间条件下,高浓度1-MCP处理显著抑制甘薯发芽率、发芽指数和丙二醛(MDA)含量上升,抗氧化酶活性随着1-MCP处理浓度的增加呈降低趋势。相同熏蒸浓度条件下,12 h熏蒸处理与其他处理组相比贮藏保鲜效果更好。双因素方差分析结果显示,熏蒸浓度、熏蒸时间及其交互作用对甘薯贮藏期不同理化指标的影响随贮藏时间的延长逐渐减小,其中熏蒸浓度对甘薯发芽率、发芽指数、失重率、MDA含量及过氧化氢酶(CAT)、坏血酸过氧化酶(APX)活性的影响较大,熏蒸时间对甘薯超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性影响更大,熏蒸浓度与熏蒸时间的交互作用主要影响甘薯的呼吸强度。模糊综合评价模型表明, 2 μL·L^-1 1-MCP密闭熏蒸12 h最接近标准物元的最优状态,贮藏保鲜效果最好。本研究结果可为延长甘薯货架期与贮藏期提供技术参考。     

臭氧精准处理提高采后草莓抗氧化酶活性和酚类物质含量

臭氧处理被认为是一种有效而无污染的贮藏保鲜方式,而臭氧的强氧化性也被认为对于采后果蔬的活性氧清除系统存在影响。该研究以天津市种植最广泛的"京桃香"草莓为试材,探讨了不同浓度的臭氧(0、2.144、6.432、10.72、15.008 mg/m~3)处理对草莓采后活性氧起抑制作用的非酶促、酶促清除系统的影响。总酚(total phenols,TPC)、总类黄酮(total flavonoids,TFC)和抗坏血酸(ascorbic acid,ASA)为非酶促抗氧化关键代谢物指标,以超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)和抗坏血酸超氧化物酶(ascorbic acid superoxidase,APX)为关键酶活指标进行检测。结果表明,整个贮藏期间,对于非酶促清除系统,采后草莓总酚类物质在2.144、6.432、15.008 mg/m~3的臭氧处理组具有一定的累积效果,但低于对照组的含量;黄酮类物质在2.144、15.008 mg/m~3处理组中的含量不断下降,而6.432mg/m~3处理组中的含量为先下降后上升,但3个处理组中的含量均低于对照组;ASA含量在对照组中的变化不大,但在2.144、6.432、15.008 mg/m~3处理组中不断减少,且15.008 mg/m~3的臭氧处理组的下降幅度最大。而相较于对照组和其他3个不同浓度的臭氧处理组,10.72 mg/m~3的O_3处理能够显著促进酚类化合物和抗坏血酸的生成,维持总黄酮含量在较高水平。对于酶促清除系统,高浓度的O_3处理能够快速诱导草莓果实POD活性的升高。但是随着贮藏时间的延长,15.008mg/m~3处理组迅速出现降低的变化趋势。相较于对照组,2.144 mg/m~3浓度O_3处理组的酶活变化不大,但6.432 mg/m~3处理组却存在一定的抑制作用。10.72 mg/m~3的O_3处理能够显著提升SOD活性(P﹤0.05),使其最大值提前,能够提升APX活性,刺激POD酶活的活性提高,并推迟POD活性出现高峰的时间。总体来说,10.72 mg/m~3浓度的臭氧处理能够增强采后草莓氧化还原系统相关酶促反应酶活,促进非酶促反应抗氧化物质的生成,对于采后草莓的抗氧化物质积累具有积极作用,有利于提高草莓的食用价值和经济价值。     

(+)-methyl jasmonate-induced bioformation of myricetin, quercetin and kaempferol in red raspberries

The effect of postharvest treatment with enantiomers of methyl jasmonate (MJ) in conjunction with ethanol on bioformation of myricetin, quercetin and kaempferol in red raspberry was studied. For comparison, postharvest treatment with the commercial stereoisomeric mixture of MJ in conjunction with ethanol was simultaneously accomplished. The levels obtained were contrasted with those determined in untreated (control) samples. Exogenous (+)-MJ induced an enhancement in the levels of myricetin, quercetin and, particularly, kaempferol whereas the exposition to (-)-MJ exhibited the opposite effect. Enzymatic assays were carried out in presence and absence of (-)-MJ and (+)-MJ to evaluate possible changes in the activity of the enzymes regulating the bioformation of flavonols in red raspberries as a consequence of the treatments. From the results of the assays both (-)-MJ and (+)-MJ inhibited the activity of flavanone 3β-hydroxylase (FHT) and flavonol synthase (FLS), which are directly involved in the formation of flavonols from (-/+)-naringenin. From these results, it is speculated that the activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) regulating the formation of (-/+)-naringenin from l-phenylalanine by (+)-MJ in conjunction with ethanol is promoted. Postharvest treatment of red raspberry with (+)-MJ in ethanol is proposed as a mean to increase flavonol content in red raspberries.     

Urinary excretion of black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis) anthocyanins and their metabolites

Anthocyanins are the most abundant phenolic compounds, widely distributed in fruits and vegetables, and exhibit potent antioxidant capacity. Humans ingest a significant amount of anthocyanins in the daily diet. The objective of the current study was to examine human absorption and metabolism of black raspberry anthocyanins when administered at high doses (2.69 +/- 0.085 g/day). Ten healthy men consumed 45 g of freeze-dried black raspberries daily for 1 week. Urine samples were collected over a 12 h period in 4 h intervals at day 1 and day 7. Urinary anthocyanins were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a photodiode array detector and a tandem mass spectrometer using precursor ion and product ion analyses. Anthocyanins were excreted in intact forms and metabolized into methylated derivatives in human urine. The urinary excretion of anthocyanins reached a maximum concentration (1091.8 +/- 1081.3 pmol/L, n = 10) during the 4-8 h period after black raspberry ingestion. As compared to the anthocyanin distribution in black raspberries, urinary cyanidin 3-xylosylrutinoside was detected at a higher concentration than that of cyanidin-3-rutinoside.     

臭氧杀灭循环营养液中三种土传病原菌的试验

为给臭氧应用于循环营养液消毒提供指导，该文研究了营养液中臭氧浓度的上升、衰减，臭氧杀灭营养液中3种植物病原菌所需的残余臭氧浓度、接触时间和残留臭氧对黄瓜根系的伤害。结果表明：高浓度臭氧气体在营养液中形成的臭氧平衡浓度高，达到平衡浓度所需的时间短；低浓度臭氧气体形成的臭氧平衡浓度低，达到平衡浓度需要的时间长。当营养液中残余臭氧浓度为0.6 mg/L，接触时间5 min时，臭氧对10³ cfu/mL浓度黄瓜枯萎病、番茄枯萎病和10⁶ cfu/mL浓度十字花科软腐病3     

Cyanidin 3-rutinoside and cyanidin 3-xylosylrutinoside as primary phenolic antioxidants in black raspberry

Anthocyanin constituents in black raspberries (Rubus occidentalis L.) were investigated by HPLC-DAD, and their involvement as potent, significant antioxidants in black raspberries was demonstrated by three common antioxidant assays (FRAP, DPPH, ABTS) in this study. Five anthocyanins were present in black raspberries: cyanidin 3-sambubioside, cyanidin 3-glucoside, cyanidin 3-xylosylrutinoside, cyanidin 3-rutinoside, and pelargonidin 3-rutinoside. Their identities and structures, with particular emphasis on cyanidin 3-xylosylrutinoside, were confirmed by NMR spectroscopy. Two of these anthocyanins, cyanidin 3-rutinoside and cyanidin 3-xylosylrutinoside, predominated, comprising 24-40 and 49-58%, respectively, of the total anthocyanins in black raspberries. On the basis of both potency and concentration, cyanidin 3-rutinoside and cyanidin 3-xylosylrutinoside were found to be the significant contributors to the antioxidant systems of black raspberries. These findings indicate that these two anthocyanin compounds may function as the primary phenolic antioxidants in black raspberries. These two compounds exhibit potential biological activities that may be exploited in conjunction with other naturally occurring bioactive compounds in black raspberry fruit-based products used in clinical trials for the treatment of various types of cancer.     

开放式臭氧浓度升高对水稻叶片光合作用日变化的影响

运用开放式臭氧浓度升高系统（O3-FACE：Ozone-free air controlled enrichment）平台,以武运粳21（粳稻）和两优培九（杂交稻）两个耐性不同的品种为材料,研究了大气臭氧浓度升高对水稻叶片光合作用日变化的影响,旨在为高臭氧浓度条件下水稻生产和国家粮食安全的制定提供理论依据。结果表明,臭氧胁迫未改变光合作用日变化规律,处理和对照下净光合速率和气孔导度日变化相似,均呈现单峰曲线,高峰值出现在11：00—15：00之间;胞间CO2浓度日变化趋势与气孔导度和净光合速率日变化不一致;臭氧处理55 d对净光合速率和气孔导度影响较小,随着处理时间的延长,相关指标降低幅度变大,而胞间CO2浓度没有降低,说明臭氧对水稻的影响是一个累积过程,净光合速率降低的主要因素是由非气孔限制引起的;武运粳21的净光合速率和气孔导度在臭氧处理时的降低幅度小于两优培九,这种品种间的差异表明武运粳21比两优培九对臭氧耐受性强。     

Berry polyphenols inhibit α-amylase in vitro: identifying active components in rowanberry and raspberry

Polyphenol-rich extracts from a range of berries inhibited α-amylase in vitro, but the most effective were from raspberry and rowanberry (IC50 values of 21.0 and 4.5 μg/mL, respectively). The inhibitory components were examined by different approaches. Extracts from yellow and red raspberries were equally able to inhibit α-amylase. Because the yellow raspberry extracts effectively lacked anthocyanins, this suggested that they were not crucial for amylase inhibition. Notably, however, higher levels of other phenolic components in yellow raspberries (particularly, ellagitannins) did not increase amylase inhibition. Amylase inhibition in rowanberry was recovered in a fraction enriched in proanthocyanidins (PACs). Inhibition was ameliorated by bovine serum albumin, suggesting that PACs acted by binding to amylase. Co-incubation of rowanberry PACs with acarbose reduced the concentration of acarbose required for effective amylase inhibition. Such synergistic interactions could have implications for the current clinical use of acarbose for postprandial glycaemic control in type-2 diabetics.     

Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of raspberries

Raspberries are rich in phenolic phytochemicals. To study the health benefits of raspberries, four fresh raspberry varieties (Heritage, Kiwigold, Goldie, and Anne) were evaluated for total antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. The total amount of phenolics and flavonoids for each of the four raspberry varieties was determined. The Heritage raspberry variety had the highest total phenolic content (512.7 +/- 4.7 mg/100 g of raspberry) of the varieties measured followed by Kiwigold (451.1 +/- 4.5 mg/100 g of raspberry), Goldie (427.5 +/- 7.5 mg/100 g of raspberry), and Anne (359.2 +/- 3.4 mg/100 g of raspberry). Similarly, the Heritage raspberry variety contained the highest total flavonoids (103.4 +/- 2.0 mg/100 g of raspberry) of the varieties tested, followed by Kiwigold (87.3 +/- 1.8 mg/100 g of raspberry), Goldie (84.2 +/- 1.8 mg/100 g of raspberry), and Anne (63.5 +/- 0.7 mg/100 g of raspberry). The color of the raspberry juice correlated well to the total phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents of the raspberry. Heritage had the highest a/b ratio and the darkest colored juice, and the Anne variety showed the lowest phytochemical content and the palest color. Heritage raspberry variety had the highest total antioxidant activity, followed by Kiwigold and Goldie, and the Anne raspberry variety had the lowest antioxidant activity of the varieties tested. The proliferation of HepG(2) human liver cancer cells was significantly inhibited in a dose-dependent manner after exposure to the raspberry extracts. The extract equivalent to 50 mg of Goldie, Heritage, and Kiwigold fruit inhibited the proliferation of those cells by 89.4 +/- 0.1, 88 +/- 0.2, and 87.6 +/- 1.0%, respectively. Anne had the lowest antiproliferative activity of the varieties measured but still exhibited a significant inhibition of 70.3+/- 1.2% with an extract equivalent to 50 mg of fruit. The antioxidant activity of the raspberry was directly related to the total amount of phenolics and flavonoids found in the raspberry (p < 0.01). No relationship was found between antiproliferative activity and the total amount of phenolics/flavonoids found in the same raspberry (p > 0.05).     

固封精油熏蒸对油桃采后保鲜效果的影响

为开发一种新的植物精油保鲜方法,本试验用琼脂平板固封百里香精油和薄荷精油,制成精油香膏,使精油缓慢释放,用于熏蒸油桃,并采用固相微萃取-气质联用(SPME-GCMS)分析精油香膏熏蒸时盒内空气中精油活性成分的变化,同时比较不同精油香膏熏蒸对油桃果实腐烂指数、失重率、硬度、抑菌能力以及可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、抗坏血酸和类胡萝卜素含量的影响。结果表明,33 d贮藏期结束后,对照组油桃腐烂指数为23.3%,试验组油桃腐烂指数降低至10.8%以下,并且试验组能较好地保持果实失重率和硬度。SPME-GCMS分析发现,百里香酚和香芹酚作为主要的抑菌功能成分,其含量随着贮藏时间缓慢增加后趋于平衡,但相对百分含量较低。低浓度下,2种精油对褐腐病菌均有较高的抑菌活性,10%薄荷精油熏蒸几乎能完全抑制褐腐病菌的萌芽,1%和10%百里香精油能将褐腐病菌的萌芽率分别降低35.4和49.1个百分点,但灰葡萄球菌对精油挥发性成分敏感性较低。精油熏蒸能够减少抗坏血酸和类胡萝卜素的氧化,延缓可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量的降低。综上所述,精油香膏熏蒸能减少油桃果实的腐烂,延缓后熟衰老,较好地保持果实品质,具有进一步开发成商品化果蔬保鲜剂的潜力。本研究结果为固封精油熏蒸在油桃采后保鲜上的应用提供了一定的参考。     

Antioxidant activity in fruits and leaves of blackberry, raspberry, and strawberry varies with cultivar and developmental stage

Fruits and leaves from different cultivars of thornless blackberry (Rubus sp.), red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.), black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.), and strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa D.) plants were analyzed for total antioxidant capacity (oxygen radical absorbance capacity, ORAC) and total phenolic content. In addition, fruits were analyzed for total anthocyanin content. Blackberries and strawberries had the highest ORAC values during the green stages, whereas red raspberries had the highest ORAC activity at the ripe stage. Total anthocyanin content increased with maturity for all three species of fruits. Compared with fruits, leaves were found to have higher ORAC values. In fruits, ORAC values ranged from 7.8 to 33.7 micromol of Trolox equivalents (TE)/g of fresh berries (35. 0-162.1 micromol of TE/g of dry matter), whereas in leaves, ORAC values ranged from 69.7 to 182.2 micromol of TE/g of fresh leaves (205.0-728.8 micromol of TE/g of dry matter). As the leaves become older, the ORAC values and total phenolic contents decreased. The results showed a linear correlation between total phenolic content and ORAC activity for fruits and leaves. For ripe berries, a linear relationship existed between ORAC values and anthocyanin content. Of the ripe fruits tested, on the basis of wet weight of fruit, cv. Jewel black raspberry and blackberries may be the richest source for antioxidants. On the basis of the dry weight of fruit, strawberries had the highest ORAC activity followed by black raspberries (cv. Jewel), blackberries, and red raspberries.