猪水肿毒素A亚基基因表达产物的生物学特性及抗体检测ELISA方法的建立

根据TMpred生物学软件对SLT-ⅡeA亚基的蛋白质结构分析结果,表达了猪水肿毒素(SLT-Ⅱe)A亚基。SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析表明,表达产物以可溶形式存在,易于纯化且具有良好免疫学活性。生物学毒性试验表明,表达产物不能致死小白鼠,也不具有Vero细胞毒性。体外细胞毒性中和试验表明,表达产物的兔抗血清能中和天然SLT-Ⅱe(中和度90.4℅)。在小鼠免疫保护力试验中,表达产物作为免疫原不能提供任何保护力。以表达产物为抗原建立检测SLT-Ⅱe抗体的间接ELISA方法,结果该方法对猪萎缩性鼻炎等9种常见细菌性疾病阳性血清的检测均为阴性,能特异性检测到人工感染猪水肿毒素8d仔猪的血清抗体IgG,对临床送检的1083份猪血清的检测阳性率为20.9℅。     

兔多杀性巴氏杆菌外膜蛋白A(OmpA)重组蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及潜在应用

制备兔多杀性巴氏杆菌(Pasteurella multocida,Pm)外膜蛋白A(OmpA)重组蛋白单抗,为兔多杀性巴氏杆菌病的诊断提供特异性强,灵敏度高的单克隆抗体。本研究选取并扩增Pm外膜蛋白基因OmpA,原核表达获得了的大小为37.6kD的OmpA重组蛋白,以纯化复性的兔多杀性巴氏杆菌OmpA重组蛋白作为免疫原,按常规方法免疫BALB/c小鼠(Mus musculus),取其脾细胞与SP2/0细胞融合,ELISA筛选出了4株分泌Pm OmpA蛋白单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞,分别命名为5D2、BC11、2A2和6A4。其中2A2细胞培养液效价为1∶256,5D2、BC11和6A4效价为1∶128;2A2腹水效价为1∶12800,其余3株达1∶6400。杂交瘤细胞经反复冻存、复苏及多次传代,仍能稳定分泌高效价抗体。Western blot显示,4株单克隆抗体均能与Pm OmpA重组蛋白重组发生特异性反应。用ELISA方法鉴定2A2单克隆抗体亚型为IgG2b,Protein A亲和纯化2A2腹水抗体,获得的单抗浓度为130μg/mL。选取纯化的2A2单克隆抗体进行潜在应用研究,Western blot与间接免疫荧光结果显示,单克隆抗体能与兔多杀性巴氏杆菌分离菌株发生特异性反应。表明利用体外重组表达兔多杀性巴氏杆菌OmpA融合蛋白制成的杂交瘤能够稳定分泌效价高、特异性强的单克隆抗体,可用于兔多杀性巴氏杆菌诊断,本研究结果为兔多杀性巴氏杆菌诊断试剂盒的研制提供技术参数。     

猪水肿毒素A亚基基因表达产物的生物学特性及抗体ELISA检测方法研究

通过TMpred生物学软件分析猪水肿毒素(SLT-IIe) A亚基蛋白质结构并设计引物、构建表达质粒使基因片段获得可溶性表达。SDS-PAGE和Western-blotting分析表明，表达产物具有可溶性从而主要存在于裂解上清液，易于纯化且具有良好免疫学活性。生物学毒性试验表明该可溶性蛋白不能致死小白鼠，也不具有Vero细胞毒性。体外细胞毒性中和试验表明表达产物的兔抗血清能高效中和SLT-IIe（中和度90.4℅）。在小鼠免疫保护力试验中，表达产物作为免疫原不能提供任何保护力。以表达产物为抗原建立的检测SLT-IIe抗体的间接ELISA方法具有良好的特异性、敏感性和稳定性，可用于临床猪水肿病的诊断。     

猪源产毒素多杀性巴氏杆菌HN-13株外膜蛋白H的基因克隆与特征研究(英文)

传染性萎缩性鼻炎是养猪业中的一种重要的呼吸道传染病，产毒素多杀性巴氏杆菌是其重要的病原之一，外膜蛋白H（OmpH）在该菌的致病和免疫中发挥重要作用。本研究克隆了产毒素多杀性巴氏杆菌HN-13株的ompH基因，进行了序列分析，并在大肠杆菌中高效表达，用表达产物建立了间接ELISA方法。同时用生物信息学方法对ompH基因及其编码蛋白的结构特性进行了分析和预测，表明OmpH是一种通道蛋白。     

猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌毒素apxⅡA基因的真核表达及其核酸疫苗

利用PCR从自行分离鉴定的猪传染性胸膜肺炎放线杆菌（Actinobacillus pleuropneuromoniae,APP）血清7型菌株基因组DNA中扩增apxⅡA基因，构建了一个利用人类巨细胞病毒（Human cytomegalo virus，HCMV）启动子表达apxⅡA基因的真核表达质粒pCDapxⅡA，体外转染PK-15细胞，处理后的样品进行SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析，证实了免疫原性蛋白apxⅡA在细胞中表达。用表达质粒pCDapxⅡA作为核酸疫苗免疫BALB／c小鼠酶联免疫吸附试验，ELISA检测小鼠血清中特异性抗猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌的抗体，结果第2次免疫后其抗体滴度都在1：128以上。初步证实，用apxⅡA作为核酸疫苗免疫动物可以激活机体产生免疫应答反应。     

副猪嗜血杆菌CDT毒素的生物学功能分析

副猪嗜血杆菌(Haemophilus parasuis)是一种常见的猪(Susscrofa domestica)致病菌,其细胞致死性膨胀毒素(cytolethal distending toxin,CDT)被认为是一种重要的毒力因子,为进一步明确CDT的一些生物学及免疫学特性,本研究经体外组装获得了高纯度的CDT三聚体完整毒素,研究三聚体蛋白对Marc145及仔猪外周血淋巴细胞(peripheral blood lymphocyte,PBLC)的毒性作用,明确CDT三个亚基的特异性抗体对其细胞毒性的阻断作用.原核表达的3个CDT亚基经过共折叠形成了稳定的三聚体蛋白,能诱导Marc 145细胞产生典型的细胞病变.CdtB及CdtC的兔抗血清对CDT完整毒素具有中和作用,且CdtC的兔抗血清可以更有效地阻断CDT的细胞毒性作用,最大中和效价为1:16,而CdtA亚基的兔抗血清无中和作用.CDT可以抑制丝裂原活化的仔猪PBLC增殖作用.致病菌株及非致病菌株分泌蛋白中CDT的滴度一致,均为l:512.本研究结果表明,副猪嗜血杆菌CDT具有明显的免疫抑制作用,可能对于该菌在宿主体内定殖以及引起宿主系统感染至关重要,但并非造成不同菌株致病力显著差异的原因.本研究为揭示副猪嗜血杆菌的致病机理提供了重要信息.     

禽多杀性巴氏杆菌和大肠杆菌二联灭活油乳剂疫苗免疫保护试验

用禽多杀性巴氏杆菌和大肠杆菌本地分离菌株,分别液体培养、灭活,按一定比例混合,加入油佐剂制成二联灭活油乳剂疫苗。以0．5mL／只、1．0mL／只两个剂量分别肌肉注射免疫2月龄非免鸡30只,同条件设非免疫对照组8只,免疫后21d用两种分离菌株分别攻毒及两种菌混合攻毒。试验结果显示,对禽多杀性巴氏杆菌的保护率为80％,对大肠杆菌病的保护率为100％,对两种菌混合攻毒的保护率为80％。本试验结果说明研制的二联灭活油乳剂疫苗安全有效。     

小反刍兽疫N蛋白单克隆抗体的制备及竞争ELISA方法的建立

小反刍兽疫(PPR)是由小反刍兽疫病毒(PPRV)引起的一种危害严重的急性接触性传染病。为了检测血清中存在的抗PPRV的抗体,本研究利用纯化后的真核表达的PPRVN蛋白重组蛋白(rBacmid-PPRN)作为免疫原免疫BALB/c小鼠(Mus musculus),并使用原核表达的PPRVN蛋白重组蛋白(rpET-PPRN)作为间接ELISA检测抗原,共筛选得到8株抗PPRVN蛋白的单克隆抗体(mAb)。其中1D5单抗腹水效价达1∶106,分泌单抗亚类为IgG2b。以1D5作为竞争抗体、纯化后的rpET-PPRN蛋白作为包被抗原,建立了检测小反刍兽疫血清抗体的单抗竞争性ELISA(c-ELISA)方法。所建立的c-ELISA方法能够特异性的区分牛瘟阳性血清和小反刍兽疫阳性血清,并具有较高的灵敏度和特异性。应用建立c-ELISA检测方法检测共129份山羊(Capra hircus)血清样品,与标准c-ELISA试剂盒的符合率为96.9%。本研究成功地建立了可特异性检测动物血清中抗PPRV抗体的竞争性ELISA方法,对小反刍兽疫的诊断、疫苗免疫水平的监控及控制其流行具有重要意义。     

抗鸡贫血病毒结构蛋白单克隆抗体制备及其对应抗原表位分析

以纯化的原核表达的鸡贫血病毒结构蛋白为抗原，免疫6-8w的雌性Balb/c鼠, 经过三次免疫后，取其脾细胞与SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞进行融合，以纯化的蛋白为抗原进行ELISA检测，将阳性细胞孔经过三次有限稀释，共获得6株能稳定分泌特异性抗体的阳性细胞株。间接免疫荧光试验证实6株单抗可以与鸡贫血病毒感染的MDCC-MSB1细胞发生特异性反应，Western blot结果显示单抗与杆状病毒表达的VP1重组蛋白可以发生特异性反应。利用单克隆抗体亚型鉴定试剂盒进行亚型鉴定，结果表明6株单抗均为IgG1亚型，且所有单抗的轻链均为κ链。用单克隆抗体对分段表达的VP1蛋白进行免疫印迹分析，初步鉴定了筛选出的单抗所对应的抗原表位，其中有四株单抗识别的表位位于VP1 218-274位氨基酸之间，另外两株单抗识别的表位分别位于275-301位、324-369位氨基酸之间。     

庆大霉素单克隆抗体的研制及ELISA分析方法的建立

用与牛血清蛋白(BSA)交联的庆大霉素人工抗原(GM-BSA)免疫的BALB/C鼠脾细胞与SP2/0鼠骨髓瘤细胞融合,经筛选、克隆,得到1株能稳定分泌抗庆大霉素单抗的杂交瘤细胞株(6H8),经鉴定6H8的抗体类型及亚类均为IgG1,其轻链为κ链.制备单克隆抗体腹水,腹水的间接ELISA效价在1×10-7以上.该单克隆抗体与庆大霉素结构类似物均无交叉反应,具有高度特异性.以制备的单抗建立间接竞争ELISA方法,其线性回归方程为y=16.122ln(x)-2.0143(R2=0.9934),抑制中浓度IC50为25.2μg·L-1,最低检测限IC20为3.9μg·L-1.竞争ELISA方法检测鲜奶中的庆大霉素平均回收率在92％～110％之间.抗庆大霉素单抗的制备和竞争ELISA方法的建立为庆大霉素快速检测奠定了基础.     

抗对硫磷基因工程抗体ScFv的制备及其初步鉴定

用一段45个核苷酸的片段连接抗对硫磷抗体重链和轻链可变区基因片段VH和VL,获得了抗对硫磷单链抗体(single chain variable fragment,scFv)基因,构建了抗对硫磷scFv基因原核表达载体。SDS-PAGE和Western blot分析显示,该单链抗体基因能在大肠杆菌Origami 2中特异性表达,融合蛋白分子量约为28kD。用Ni-NTA金属亲和层析法对可溶性表达产物进行纯化,得到目的蛋白纯度为74.8%;ELISA反应结果证明,该单链抗体可以与对硫磷发生特异性反应。     

A highly specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of Cry1Ac insecticidal crystal protein in transgenic WideStrike cotton

A highly selective enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been developed for the quantitative detection of the Cry1Ac protein expressed in transgenic cotton. Two Cry1Ac-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAb), Kbt and 158E6, were developed and selected to form a sandwich format ELISA. The MAb Kbt was used as a capture antibody, and 158E6 was conjugated with horseradish peroxidase and served as a detection antibody. The assay was optimized and validated with different cotton matrices. Tissues were extracted with phosphate-buffered saline containing 0.05% Tween 20 and 1% polyvinylpyrrolidone. The extract was then treated with trypsin to truncate full-length Cry1Ac into the core toxin for quantitation. The resulting assay has good accuracy and precision with a validated limit of quantitation ranging from 0.1 to 0.375 mug/g dry weight of cotton tissues. This assay is highly specific for Cry1Ac protein and has no cross-reactivity with the nontarget proteins tested such as Cry1Ab and Cry1F.     

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with monoclonal and single-chain variable fragment antibodies selective to coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls

Coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (Co-PCBs) consisting of non-ortho and mono-ortho-chlorinated PCBs are dioxin-like compounds and cause wide contamination in the environment. To monitor Co-PCB residues, it was attempted to establish an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with monoclonal and recombinant antibodies selective to Co-PCBs. When 3,3',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenoxybutyric acid (PCBH)-keyhole limpet hemocyanin conjugate was immunized into mice, two monoclonal antibodies, Mab-0217 and Mab-4444, were obtained. 3,3',5,5'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB80) was determined with an IC(50) value of 2.6 and 0.46 ng mL(-1) in ELISA based on Mab-0217 and Mab-4444, respectively. Mab-4444 cross-reacted with Co-PCB congeners, except for PCB77 and PCB81. Mab-0217 reacted with PCB80 and cross-reacted with PCB111. A single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody derived from Mab-4444 was produced in recombinant Escherichia coli cells. The scFv antibody showed nearly the same sensitivity toward PCBH as the parent monoclonal antibody in ELISA. These results clearly suggested that Mab-4444 and its scFv antibodies were suitable for monitoring the representative congeners of Co-PCBs.     

Competitive direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent screening assay for the detection of sulfamethazine contamination of animal feeds.

A sensitive screening method has been developed for detecting sulfamethazine (SMZ) contamination of feeds by using either polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies and a direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent screening assay (ELISA). Feed samples of 25.0 g are extracted with 0.5N HCl and centrifuged. The extract is adjusted to pH 7.0 with 3.0N NaOH and recentrifuged. This pH-adjusted extract is used in the ELISA. Levels as low as 0.004 micrograms SMZ/g feed were detected in supplemented extracts by polyclonal antibodies; levels of 0.4 micrograms SMZ/g feed were detected by a monoclonal antibody.     

Production and characterization of single chain Fv directed against beta2-agonist clenbuterol

The single chain Fv (scFv) directed against beta2-agonist clenbuterol (CBL) was produced by using phage display technology. The heavy chain and light chain variable region genes (VH) VL) were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from CBL specific hybridoma cell lines 5D1 and assembled as a single chain Fv (scFv) fragment with linker peptide (Gly4Ser)3. Then the scFv DNA fragment was cloned into M13 phagemid vector pCANTAB5E and the anti-CBL antibody libraries were constructed. Phages displaying scFv were enriched by panning with CBL-ovalbumin (CBL-OVA) conjugate. After only one round of panning, antigen-positive recombinant phage clones were successfully selected by ELISA. The positive phage was used to infect Escherichia coli HB2151, and the expression of soluble scFv was then induced by IPTG. The scFv showed an improved sensitivity (with IC50 of 0.78 +/- 0.005 ng/mL (n = 4)) when compared with the parent monoclonal antibody (MAb) (with IC50 of 1.34 +/- 0.006 ng/mL (n = 4)) in competitive indirect ELISA (CI-ELISA). Cross-reactivity studies showed that the specificity of scFv was similar to that of MAb. The recombinant scFv prepared in this study could be potentially used instead of conventional antisera or MAb for development of a rapid and affordable immunoassay for the detection of residual CBL in biological matrices.     

Production and characterization of a monoclonal anti-anti-idiotype antibody against fumonisin B(1).

A monoclonal anti-anti-idiotype antibody (mAb3) against fumonisin B(1) (FmB1) was produced from the hybridoma cell line 7C7F4, which was generated by the fusion of P3/NS-1/1-AG4-1 myeloma cells with spleen cells isolated from a Balb/c mouse that had been immunized with the Fab fragments of affinity-purified anti-idiotype antibodies. The mAb3 belongs to the immunoglobulin M, kappa light chain. A direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dc-ELISA) and an indirect competitive ELISA (idc-ELISA) were established for antibody characterization and toxin analysis. In an idc-ELISA using FmB1-ovalbumin (OVA) as the coating antigen, the concentrations causing 50% inhibition of binding (IC(50)) of mAb3 to the solid-phase FmB1-OVA by free FmB1, FmB2, and FmB3 were found to be 75, 95, and 450 ng/mL, respectively. In the dc-ELISA, the concentration causing IC(50) of FmB1-horseradish peroxidase to the solid-phase mAb3 by free FmB1 was found to be 233 ng/mL. Analysis of 12 samples naturally contaminated with fumonisins with mAb3-based idc-ELISA and polyclonal-based dc-ELISA showed a good correlation between these two methods with a correlation coefficient of 0.76 at p < 0.02. The linear regression slope was found to be y[polyclonal ELISA] = 0.87x[mAb3 ELISA] - 52 ppb.     

Production and characterization of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies to forchlorfenuron

The development of immunoassays for the detection of the plant growth regulator forchlorfenuron (CPPU) is described. To achieve that purpose, a set of CPPU derivatives has been obtained by the previous synthesis of the adequate p-aminophenyl alkanoic acid. Protein conjugates of these compounds have been used as immunogens to produce rabbit polyclonal antibodies and a collection of mouse monoclonal antibodies. Additionally, a battery of structural analogues of the target analyte has been synthesized and used for the characterization of antibody binding. This strategy has demonstrated that most antibodies followed Landsteiner's principle, although some monoclonal antibodies showing important deviations from this behavior have also been found. Finally, different assay formats have been developed with a variety of antibodies and conjugates, and a rapid procedure has been optimized for the indirect ELISA format using monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. In the indirect competitive ELISA, assay IC50 values for CPPU below 0.5 nM were found with LODs as low as 0.013 nM.     

含禽源启动子的禽流感病毒核蛋白表达载体的构建及其免疫原性的检测

为了研究禽流感病毒核蛋白（nucleoprotein,NP）在鸡体内所引起的免疫反应,将其NP基因从重组质粒pVAX-NP上酶切后亚克隆至含禽源启动子的真核表达载体pCAGGS中,经筛选鉴定后获得重组子pCAGGS-NP,将鉴定正确的阳性重组子体外转染真核细胞,利用间接免疫荧光法检测目的基因的瞬时表达;采用腿部肌肉注射途径将重组子免疫SPF鸡,利用ELISA检测免疫后血清抗NP蛋白抗体效价。结果表明,该重组子无论在体外还是体内均能正确表达禽流感NP蛋白,且所表达的蛋白均具有良好的免疫原性。