2001-2020年贵州省气候变化及人类活动对植被变化的影响

以MODIS-EVI及同期气候因子及气象干旱指标SPEI作为表征植被和气候时空变化特征的指标，采用Theil-Sen Median趋势分析、Mann-Kendall显著性检验、Hurst指数分析和残差分析等方法探究贵州省2001—2020年植被生长状况对气候变化及人类活动的响应。结果表明：（1）2001—2020年贵州省植被增加的区域面积比为84.97%，主要改善区域以贵州省北部和西南部地区为主，且植被在未来的空间变化趋势上以反持续性增加为主，占据贵州省总面积的69.23%。（2）贵州省植被与气候因子降水呈正相关关系，与气温呈负相关关系，但相关性均较弱，而区域植被生长状况与SPEI间的正相关性大于负相关性。（3） EVI与人类活动在贵州省北部、西部及西南部地区主要以积极的改善作用为主，而在贵阳、遵义及其周边地区则以消极的抑制作用较为突出，整体上研究区内的人类经济活动与植被EVI呈正相关关系。研究结论可为贵州省植被生态保护及其与气候变化、人类活动之间的适宜性研究提供客观的科学理论支撑。     

京津冀地区植被NDVI动态变化及其与气候因子的关系

[目的] 探究气候变化对植被覆盖变化的驱动机制，可为揭示区域乃至全球植被覆盖动态变化及其与气候变化之间的响应机制提供依据。[方法] 以MODIS NDVI，SRTM DEM，降水和气温为数据源，运用Theil-Sen Median趋势分析法、Mann-Kendall显著性检验法、R/S分析法和Pearson相关分析法等数学分析方法，结合ANUSPLIN气象插值模型，研究2001—2019年京津冀地区植被NDVI时空演变特征及预测未来变化趋势，并探究植被NDVI与降水和气温最大相关关系及时滞效应。[结果] ①2001—2019年京津冀地区植被NDVI整体呈波动上升趋势，上升速率为0.002 2/a，且未来植被NDVI呈改善趋势的面积略小于呈退化趋势的面积；②降水和气温对京津冀地区植被生长以正向促进作用为主，且降水对植被生长的作用强度高于气温；③植被NDVI对降水变化的滞后期略长于气温，京津冀地区植被生长受前3月的降水和前1月的气温影响最大。[结论] 在林业生态工程实施背景下，2001—2019年京津冀地区植被覆盖整体呈改善态势，尤以西北部为著；植被NDVI与降水和气温相关关系呈现出明显的地域差异，且植被生长相对降水和气温变化存在一定的滞后效应。     

滇中地区植被NDVI时空演变特征及其驱动因素

[目的]揭示滇中地区植被NDVI时空变化特征及其与气候因子、人类活动的关系,为该地区的社会经济可持续提供科学依据。[方法]以MODIS NDVI数据资料集、标准气象站点的气候数据及社会经济统计数据为素材,采用叠置分析、空间统计分析和相关分析为主要方法。[结果](1)滇中地区植被5月上旬进入生长季而10月下旬结束,2001—2010年植被NDVI呈现出上升的趋势,速率为0.03/10a,植被盖度整体朝增加的方向发展。(2)2001—2010年滇中地区植被覆盖呈增加和减少趋势的面积分别占总面积的70.24%和29.76%,减少最为突出的区域主要集中在人口聚集的城镇周围,增加的区域主要集中在高海拔地区。(3)气候影响因素中的水分类因素即平均相对湿度、最小相对湿度和降水是滇中地区植被NDVI年内变化主要的影响因素。(4)退耕还林工程极大地提升了滇中地区的植被覆盖度,而城镇化过程则使得滇中地区城镇周边的极低、低植被覆盖度区面积增加。[结论]滇中地区年内植被NDVI变化由气候因子所控制,而长期变化则受人类活动的制约。     

海河流域生长季植被覆盖度时空变化及驱动力分析

[目的]了解海河流域生长季植被覆盖度(FVC)的时空变化及其驱动力,以期为海河流域的生态保护、建设与可持续发展提供参考。[方法]基于MODIS NDVI遥感数据和同时期的18种影响因子,采用趋势分析法和M-K显著性检验分析了2001—2019年海河流域生长季植被覆盖度的时空变化特征;并利用地理探测器探讨了其空间分异特征与驱动力。[结果]2001—2019年海河流域生长季植被覆盖度总体呈显著上升趋势,线性倾向率为0.063/10 a, 2011年之后增速减缓。空间分布差异明显,植被覆盖度总体较高,仅环渤海湾地带和一些城市区域植被覆盖率较低。改善区域的面积远大于退化面积,其中改善部分以极显著改善为主,占流域总面积的60.42%。海河流域生长季植被覆盖度的空间分布差异主要由林地比例和林草混合地比例所决定,解释力均在30%以上。对海河流域生长季植被覆盖度交互作用解释力最强的是林草混合地比例和农田比例。[结论]海河流域植被覆盖度总体显著上升,空间分布差异主要驱动力为林地比例和林草混合地比例。     

青海省近10年草地植被覆盖动态变化及其驱动因素分析

草地是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,认清其植被覆盖变化规律对草地可持续发展和草地生态系统的恢复具有重要意义。基于2005—2014年增强型植被指数(MODIS EVI)数据和气象数据,结合相关分析、残差趋势分析等方法,分析了10年间青海省生长季草地植被覆盖变化规律,以及气候因素和人类活动对其变化的影响。结果表明:(1)10年间青海省生长季草地EVI的年增长速率为0.0023,整体呈波动增加趋势,其中东部黄土高原区整体呈显著增加趋势,其次是青南高原区、柴达木盆地,环湖和祁连山区整体呈退化趋势。(2)青海省生长季草地EVI与温度和降水相关性显著,与平均温度和累积降水量的偏相关总体呈正相关关系,空间差异明显,与温度的关系更为密切。(3)从驱动因素来看,主要受气温驱动的区域有环湖和祁连山区(Ⅲ级)、青南高原区(Ⅳ级);主要受降水驱动的区域有东部黄土高原区(Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级);主要受气温和降水驱动的区域有柴达木盆地(Ⅱ级,Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级)、环湖和祁连山区(Ⅰ级和Ⅳ级)、青南高原区(Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级);其他区域主要受非气候因子驱动。(4)人类活动对青海省草地植被生长总体上呈正影响,尤其对于草地植被明显变化区域的生态系统建设和破坏起着主导的作用。     

中国草地覆盖度时空动态格局及其影响因素

为了探究近几十年来中国草地覆盖度的动态变化,基于多源遥感数据,采用像元二分模型模拟分析了1982—2016年中国草地覆盖度的时空动态格局,并从植被类型、地形要素、气候区及气候变化等角度分析了其主要影响因素。结果表明:35 a间中国草地覆盖度平均值为36.21%,呈极显著增加趋势(0.12%/a)。高山亚高山草甸、坡面草地及湿润地区、半干旱地区草地覆盖度的增加对于中国草地恢复具有重要贡献。草地覆盖度随海拔的升高呈降低趋势,DEM<500 m及3 500 m相似文献   

2000-2018年黄河流域NDVI时空变化及其对气候和人类活动的双重响应

[目的] 分析黄河流域NDVI时空变化特征,探究NDVI变化对气候和人类活动的响应机制,为制定合理的生态工程提供科学依据,为实现黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展提供保障。[方法] 基于MODIS NDVI数据,辅以降水和气温数据,采用一元线性趋势分析、Hurst指数、偏相关分析及残差分析方法,对2000—2018年黄河流域NDVI时空变化特征进行分析,并探讨了NDVI变化对气候和人类活动的双重响应。[结果] ①黄河流域NDVI呈现波动增加趋势,总增速为6.8%/10 a,NDVI在东南部及西部较高,北部及西北部较低,由东南向西北部减少,下游最高,中游次之,上游最低;整体上,以东亚季风生态地理区和西北干旱生态地理区界线（鄂尔多斯市—毛乌素沙地—庆阳市—平凉市—定西市）和青藏高原生态地理区和西北干旱生态地理区及东亚季风生态地理区界线（西宁市—甘南市—定西市）为界呈Ⅴ字型分布。②NDVI整体变化趋势以改善为主,反持续性强于持续性,且表现出较强的弱持续性,其中改善区约占62.32%,主要呈带状集中分布。在中上游地区,在鄂尔多斯市—毛乌素沙地—庆阳市—平凉市—定西市—西宁市—甘南市、太原盆地—临汾盆地—关中平原及运城盆地—三门峡两两界线间的条带区域基本为改善区,而退化区域以中下游为主,呈零散分布。③NDVI与降水和气温呈正相关,且与降水的偏相关强度稍大于气温,流域约76.7%的地区NDVI残差呈增长的趋势,人类活动整体对NDVI增加的影响以促进为主,促进作用大小顺序为：中游>上游>下游。[结论] 黄河流域NDVI变化受气候和人类活动共同影响,具有空间异质性,适度的生态工程及农业生产活动对植被恢复有重要作用。     

陕北黄土丘陵区植被建设分区研究

根据陕北丘陵沟壑区的自然生态环境和植被分布状况，将该区植被建设划分为北部毛乌素沙地沿线丘陵沟壑区，东北部黄土丘陵及黄河谷地区，西北部白于山及横山山区，东部黄土丘陵及黄河谷地区和南部黄龙山、崂山沿线次生林区等5个区域，并阐述了每个区域的植被类型、建设任务、经营方向、经营模式和不同立地条件适宜的植被种类。     

2000—2020年四川省泸沽湖湿地自然保护区陆地植被覆盖动态变化

[目的]探究四川省泸沽湖湿地自然保护区2000—2020年陆地植被覆盖度的时空变化规律,为保护区的建设和治理提供参考。[方法]选用四川泸沽湖湿地自然保护区2000—2020年植被生长旺盛月份(6—9月)的MODIS数据为数据源,结合像元二分法、Theil-SenMedian趋势分析法等相关分析法探究植被覆盖度时空变化特征及其对气候的响应。[结果](1)在时间变化上,四川省泸沽湖湿地自然保护区陆地植被覆盖度呈略微上升趋势,整体以0.09/10 a速率波动上升。(2)保护区植被覆盖度在空间分布上呈现湖区及其周边区域低,南北高的特征,呈现整体上升,局部下降的特点。(3)保护区气候(6—9月)趋向“暖干化”发展,植被覆盖度与气温和降水量以正相关为主,且受气温影响大于降水,其影响因素具有空间差异性。[结论] 2000—2020年,泸沽湖湿地自然保护区植被覆盖良好,植被覆盖度总体呈略微上升趋势,其中,气温是影响植被覆盖度的主要气候因子,同时地形、人类活动对保护区植被覆盖度均有一定的影响。     

2001—2018年雅砻江流域植被NDVI时空动态及其对气候变化的响应

为了了解雅砻江流域植被覆盖变化及其对气候的响应,基于MOD13Q1和气象数据,采用趋势分析和偏相关分析等方法,分析了2001—2018年雅砻江流域生长季NDVI的时空变化特征,探讨了NDVI变化对气候因子的响应。结果表明:(1)2001—2018年雅砻江流域NDVI均值为0.66,呈东南向西北逐渐下降趋势,并随海拔的升高呈先增后减趋势;(2)2001—2018年雅砻江流域NDVI整体以0.003/10 a的速率波动上升,NDVI增加面积(63.97%)大于减少面积(36.03%); 2001—2018年雅砻江流域生长季的气温上升趋势显著,降水上升趋势不明显,流域上、中游气候向暖湿方向发展;(3)整体上NDVI受气温影响大于降水,与气温呈正相关关系,与降水呈负相关关系; 空间差异明显,上游受气温和降水共同影响,中、下游大部分地区受降水影响。整体而言,雅砻江流域被的生长受地形、气候和人类活动等因素影响,近18年植被NDVI改善面积持续增加。     

Soil-profile distribution of primary and secondary plant-available nutrients under conventional and no tillage

Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate.     

Assessing the effectiveness of conservation measures: Resolving the “wicked” problem of the Steller sea lion

“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options.     

Enhanced establishment and growth of giant cardon cactus in an eroded field in the Sonoran Desert using native legume trees as nurse plants aided by plant growth-promoting microorganisms and compost

To evaluate the feasibility of long-term desert reforestation technology of mixed vegetation, cardon cactus (Pachycereus pringlei) seedlings from indoor and outdoor nurseries were planted in the field adjacent to one seedling of potential legume nurse trees: mesquite amargo (Prosopis articulata), yellow palo verde (Parkinsonia microphylla), and blue palo verde (Parkinsonia florida). Some of the planting holes were also supplemented with common dairy compost. Additionally, the combinations of legume tree–cactus were inoculated with either a consortium of desert arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB; the diazotroph Azospirillum brasilense Cd, and the phosphate solubilizer Paenibacillus sp.), or a mixture of all. The field experiments were evaluated periodically during 30 months for survival and growth. Cardons reared in an outdoor screen house survived better in the field than those reared in a controlled growth chamber and hardened later outdoors. Association with any legume nurse tree increased survival and enhanced growth of untreated cardons. For cardons growing alone, application of either compost, AM fungi, and all the treatments combined increased survival. For these plants, no treatment affected plant growth during the first 3 months after transplanting. Later, all treatments, except for AM fungi, enhanced plant growth. However, only 2 years after transplanting the enhanced growth effect of AM fungi was also significant. In the presence of the legume nurse trees, transient positive effects on cardon growth were recorded. General evaluation after 30 months of cultivation showed that the treatments positively affected cardon growth when growing alone or in combination only with mesquite amargo but not with the other two legume trees. This study proposes that young legume trees have the capacity to enhance survival and growth of cardon cactus, depending on the legume cactus combination. Additional treatments such as compost or PGPB can either amplify the effect or else attenuate it.     

Karyotypic and genome size variation in Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. (pigeonpea) and some wild relatives

Detailed karyotypes and 4C DNA amounts have been studied in five cultivars of Cajanus cajan and 20 species belonging to Cajanus, Rhynchosia, Dunbaria, Flemingia and Paracalyx. C. cajan shows intraspecific variability and its karyotype is most similar to that of C. cajanifolius (sect. Cajanus) in the morphology and number of satellite chromosomes and the lack of any correlation between chromosome size within the complement and asymmetry. Karyotypes of C. lineatus and C. sericeus belonging to sect. Atylia are similar with respect to maximum r-index and the ratio of longest and shortest chromosomes in their respective complements. C. acutifolius (sect. Frutocosa) is distinct in having a very low ratio (1.44) between the longest and the shortest chromosomes, while in C. albicans, C. goensis, C. scarabaeoides (sect. Cantharospermum) there is no chromosome pair with r-index >2.0. C. mollis and C. volubilis (sect. Volubilis) show similarity with regard to ratio between the longest and the shortest chromosomes and a distinct chromosome pair with an arm ratio of 2.7 and C. platycarpus is distinct (sect. Rhynchosoides) in having the smallest ratio (1.36) between the longest and the shortest chromosomes. 4C DNA amounts in Cajanus and Rhynchosia vary between 3.28 pg to 11.69 pg and 4.92 pg to 11.13 pg respectively, while in Dunbaria, Flemingia and Paracalyx these vary between 4.70 and 7:06 pg. In the genus Cajanus karyotypic features and 4C DNA amounts agree with the sectional classification and bring out a close relationship between C. cajan and C. cajanifolius. This is supported by studies based on seed protein patterns, isozyme analysis, trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitor patterns, RFLP and RAPD data and crossability relationships. A clear relation between DNA amount and abnormalities effecting the extent of pairing and recombination in interspecific hybrids shows the importance of this study in developing future breeding programme involving C. cajan and its wild relatives that are of potential value.     

Effect of some fungicide seed treatments on the survival of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and on the nodulation and yield of soybean [Glycine max. (L) Merr.]

Several commercial fungicide seed treatments were evaluated for their possible effect on the survival of Bradyrhizobium japonicum on seeds and on the nodulation and yield of soybeans in a greenhouse and a field experiment. quinolate Pro (carbendazim and oxine copper), Vitavax 200FF (carboxin and thiram), and Monceren (pencycuron) had a small effect or no effect on the survival of B. japonicum and on the nodulation and yield of soybeans. They can thus be considered compatible with soybean seed inoculation. Germipro UFB (carbendazim and iprodione), Apron 35J (metalaxyl), and Tachigaren (hymexazol) decreased B. japonicum survival and the nodulation and yield of soybeans and thus cannot be considered compatible with soybean seed inoculation.     

Einfluss der düngungsmethoden auf die entwicklung von zuckerrübenkrankheiten

Während neunjähriger (1994-2002) Untersuchungen in der Versuchsanstalt Ba?cyny (Fahlerde, Fall-Gleyboden, ausgebildet aus leichtem Lehmboden) wurde der Befall mit Krankheiten an der Zuckerrübe in Abhängigkeit von der Düngungsmethode bewertet. Folgende Methoden wurden angewendet: A - Mineraldünger, B - Stalldung und Mineraldünger, C - Stroh-, Gründung und Mineraldünger, D - Kompostdünger und Biopräparate (ökologische Düngung). Auf den Objekten A, B, C wurden bei konstanter Phosphor-Kalium-Düngung die Stickstoffgaben von 0 bis 180 kg.ha^?1 differenziert. Auf dem ökologischen Objekt D ohne Mineraldünger wurden statt Stickstoff die Biopräparate P₅₀₀ und P₅₀₁ verabreicht. Der geringste Befall von Krankheiten wurde an der Zuckerrübe auf jenem Objekt festgestellt, das mit Kompost und den Biopräparaten gedüngt worden war. Im Rahmen der konventionellen Düngungsmethoden wurde allgemein die höchste Intensität der Krankheiten an der mit Stroh, Gründung und Mineraldünger gedüngten Zuckerrübe beobachtet. Ausnahmen von dieser Regel bildete das Vorkommen von echtem Mehltau und Keimlingsfäule. Auf den Objekten A, B, C nahm die Intensität der Krankheiten mit der Steigerung der Stickstoffgabe zu. Auch die auf Objekt D verabreichten Biopräparate stimulierten die Entwicklung der Krankheiten. The effect of various fertilization methods on the diseases of sugar beet was estimated on the basis of nine-year studies (1994-2002) conducted in the Experimental Production Farm in Ba?cyny on loess-based, sedimentary-gley, light-clay soil. The following fertilization methods were applied: A - mineral fertilization, B - mineral and manure fertilization, C - straw, green manure and mineral fertilization, D - ecological compost and biodynamic preparations fertilization. In the objects A, B and C fertilized with phosphorus and potassium, various doses of nitrogen ranging from 0 to 180 kg/ha^?1 were used. In the ecological object D, where mineral fertilization was not used, biodynamic preparations P₅₀₀ and P₅₀₁ were applied instead of nitrogen. The lowest ratio of the diseases of sugar beet was observed in the object fertilized with the compost and biodynamic preparations. In view of the conventional fertilization methods, generally the highest incidence of diseases was noted in the sugar beet fertilized with straw, green manure and mineral fertilizers. The exception was the occurrence of powdery mildew and the black leg. In objects A, B and C the incidence of the diseases increased with the increase in nitrogen doses. The applied biodynamical preparations in the object D stimulated the development of diseases too.     

Prospects for control of Pythium damping-off of lettuce with Trichoderma,Gliocladium and Enterobacter spp.

Summary Damping-off of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) caused by Pythium ultimum was studied in pots containing a non-sterile potting mix in the glasshouse. Fifty P. ultimum sporangia g^-1 compost reduced the plant stand to 15% and shoot dry weight to 18%, but this reduction was totally prevented by applying Trichoderma harzianum at 2×10⁵ viable propagules g^-1 potting mix. Gliocladium virens and Enterobacter cloacae also alleviated the damping-off. E. cloacae did not adversely affect the action of the fungal antagonists. The co-existence of the bacterial and fungal antagonists was revealed on the root surface and inner surface of the testa by scanning electron microscopy, indicating the compatibility of the biocontrol agents.     

细菌、真菌及植物氮营养信号研究进展

氮素吸收代谢是所有生物生命活动的核心部分,因此,各种生物对氮的吸收与同化过程都有精细的调节。这种调节依赖于生物对体内氮素状况信号及体外（生长介质中）氮素信号的感受。过去几十年中,在细菌、真菌中已经对氮素营养信号有了较好的研究,而植物中则相对缓慢,但也有了一定的认识。本文重点比较细菌、真菌及植物中氮信号系统的组成,以期为进一步认识植物中的氮信号接受与转导系统提供启示。     

Potential of wild species for genetic enhancement of some semi-arid food crops

Discovery and incorporation of genes from wild species provide means to sustain crop improvement, particularly when levels of resistance in the cultigens are low and virulent strains of pests and pathogens overcome the host plant resistance. The extent of utilization and the potential of the wild genepool for genetic enhancement were reviewed in five important food crops viz. sorghum, pearl millet, chickpea, pigeonpea and groundnut grown in the semi-arid tropics. Introgression from compatible wild germplasm in the primary gene pool resulted in transfer of new cytoplasmic male sterility systems in pearl millet and pigeonpea, development of high protein, cleistogamous flower and dwarf pigeonpea lines and foliar disease resistant groundnut cultivars. Utilization of wild species in secondary and tertiary gene pools has been generally limited due to sterility, restricted recombination or cross incompatibility. Nevertheless, these species are extremely important as they contain high levels of resistance to several important biotic and abiotic stresses. Several of them, like those belonging to the Parasorghum section and the rhizomatous Arachis species are sources of multiple resistances and hold great promise to sustain crop productivity.     

“绿色革命”以来大气CO2浓度升高对C3作物营养品质的影响

自20世纪60年代"绿色革命"以来,育种技术和农耕技术的发展促进了农作物产量的大幅提升,然而作物的营养品质出现下降趋势。在相似的遗传背景下,大气CO_2浓度升高会使单位体积农作物产品的营养元素含量下降,因此"绿色革命"至今,农作物产品的营养元素下降可能受大气CO_2浓度升高影响。通过植物生长箱模拟"绿色革命"初期和目前的大气CO_2浓度水平(310μmol/mol和400μmol/mol),针对主要C_3作物水稻、小麦和大豆,研究"绿色革命"以来大气CO_2浓度升高对其籽粒的C、N、Fe、Zn元素含量的影响,结果表明:CO_2浓度升高对3种作物籽粒的C元素含量几乎没有影响,变化幅度在±1.5%之间;籽粒的N、Fe、Zn元素含量普遍呈现下降趋势,但均未达到显著水平。