枸杞多糖对免疫抑制小鼠血清中IL-6、IL-10和IL-12/IL23 p40分泌水平的影响

通过研究枸杞多糖(LBP)对免疫抑制小鼠血清中细胞因子IL-6、IL-12/IL-23p40和IL-10分泌的影响,探讨LBP的免疫调节机制,为LBP的开发利用提供理论依据。60只ICR雌性小鼠,随机分为5组,对各组小鼠进行连续4d每日腹腔注射环磷酰胺(40mg/kg),间隔3d后,再连续4d每日腹腔注射环磷酰胺(40mg/kg);同时,用高(40mg/1kg)、中(20mg/1kg)、低剂量(10mg/1kg)的LBP给小鼠连续灌胃2周,阳性对照和阴性对照分别用LPS(1mg/kg)和PBS,连续2周。小鼠眼眶取血,分离血清,ELISA检测血清中IL-6、IL-12/IL-23p40和IL-10的分泌水平。结果显示,与阳性对照和阴性对照组相比,LBP能提高免疫抑制小鼠血清中IL-6、IL-12/IL-23p40和IL-10的分泌水平,提示LBP能增强小鼠细胞免疫与体液免疫应答,为枸杞多糖作为免疫增强剂的开发应用奠定了一定的理论基础。     

绞股蓝总皂甙对衰老小鼠DNA损伤的影响

目的:本试验旨在探讨绞股蓝总皂甙(GPS)对D-半乳糖亚急性衰老模型小鼠DNA损伤的影响。方法:将200只健康昆明系小鼠随机分为5组,每组40只(雌雄各半)。一组为空白对照组,每天每只灌胃和颈背部皮下注射生理盐水0.1ml;二组为D-半乳糖衰老模型组,按120mg/kg每天每只颈背部皮下注射D-半乳糖(用时用生理盐水配成5%的溶液)0.1ml,同时灌胃生理盐水0.1ml;三、四、五组为绞股蓝总皂甙(GPS)组,每天每只灌胃GPS溶液(GPS的剂量分别为180mg/kg、120mg/kg、60mg/kg,用时用生理盐水配成溶液)0.1ml,同时按120mg/kg颈背部皮下注射D-半乳糖(用时用生理盐水配成5%的溶液)0.1ml。分别在动物用药期满2、4、6、8周时处死动物采样,每次采集大脑、肝脏组织,检测大脑、肝脏细胞DNA的损伤。结果:GPS三个剂量组小鼠大脑和肝脏细胞的拖尾率与模型组相比,均有所下降,其中大脑细胞的拖尾率在30%～45%之间,且差异显著(P<0.01或P<0.05);DNA损伤程度也有所减轻,除了低剂量组外,高、中剂量组主要以Ⅱ级损伤为主。结论:GPS可以减轻模型组小鼠大脑和肝脏组织细胞DNA的损伤程度。     

硒化乌拉尔甘草多糖的抗炎活性研究

为了探究硒化乌拉尔甘草多糖(Se-GPS)的抗炎活性,试验以地塞米松为阳性对照,给小白鼠灌服低剂量(100 mg/kg)、中剂量(200 mg/kg)、高剂量(300 mg/kg)Se-GPS和低剂量(100 mg/kg)、中剂量(200 mg/kg)、高剂量(300 mg/kg)GPS 0.2 m L/只,连续给药10 d,观察其对二甲苯和醋酸所致炎症的抗炎效果;用脂多糖(LPS)建立小鼠炎症模型,分别给小鼠灌服低剂量(100 mg/kg)、中剂量(200 mg/kg)、高剂量(300 mg/kg)LPS+Se-GPS和低剂量(100 mg/kg)、中剂量(200 mg/kg)、高剂量(300 mg/kg)LPS+GPS0.2 m L/只,连续给药10 d,测定小鼠血清肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)含量变化。结果表明:各剂量Se-GPS均能显著抑制二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀,显著降低醋酸致小鼠毛细血管的通透性增加,抑制炎性细胞因子TNF-α和IL-1β的分泌,其抗炎活性略强于甘草多糖,且高剂量Se-GPS抗炎效果最好。说明Se-GPS具有明显的抗炎活性。     

头孢噻呋混悬剂对放线杆菌小鼠病理模型的治疗试验

为评价头孢噻呋混悬剂对猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌病的疗效,本试验通过小鼠人工感染猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌建模,用不同剂量的头孢噻呋混悬剂(2、5、10mg/kg)进行临床疗效试验,并用头孢噻呋钠注射剂作为对照,结果5mg/kg和10mg/kg组治愈率均为100%,且头孢噻呋混悬剂较头孢噻呋注射剂效果更佳。因此,头孢噻呋混悬剂以5mg/kg剂量治疗小鼠放线杆菌病效果显著。     

绞股蓝总皂苷对小鼠免疫功能的影响

测定了绞股蓝总皂苷(200mg/kg-400mg/kg)对小鼠外周血淋巴细胞增殖、血清溶血素以及免疫器官指数的影响。结果表明绞股蓝总皂苷(200mg/kg)能显著或极显著促进ConA(刀豆蛋白A)和LPS(脂多糖)诱导的小鼠外周血淋巴细胞转化率,显著增加小鼠免疫器官重量。300mg/kg绞股蓝皂苷对小鼠免疫功能的影响则有下降趋势,400mg/kg绞股蓝皂苷则降低了小鼠的免疫功能。结果表明,不同剂量的绞股蓝总皂苷对小鼠免疫细胞具有不同的刺激能力,这种刺激能力可以作为筛选免疫增强剂的指标。     

鬼臼多糖对免疫功能低下小鼠自由基产生酶活性的影响

采用环磷酰胺腹腔注射(50mg/kg)小鼠建立免疫抑制模型,观察鬼臼多糖(PEP)不同剂量(50,100,200mg/kg和400mg/kg)配合环磷酰胺应用后,对小鼠脾脏中黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)、髓过氧化物酶(MPO)及一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)水平的影响。结果表明,PEP能显著降低免疫抑制小鼠脾脏XOD、MPO的活性;对脾脏总NOS活性无显著影响,但400mg/kg多糖可降低小鼠脾脏诱导型NOS活性,提示PEP可通过降低免疫抑制小鼠体内自由基产生酶水平而起到抗氧化作用。     

暴露纳米氧化锌对雄性小鼠糖、脂代谢及组织学的影响

根据小鼠的体质量,以不同剂量经口连续染毒纳米氧化锌,90d后摘眼球取血,对血脂、血糖、肝脏抗氧化指标进行检测。结果显示:对照组、80mg/kg剂量组小鼠血糖显著高于160mg/kg剂量组(P<0.05)。对照组、80mg/kg剂量组小鼠血糖极显著高于40mg/kg剂量组(P<0.01);40,80 mg/kg剂量组小鼠血脂含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),160mg/kg剂量组小鼠血脂含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);40,160 mg/kg剂量组小鼠血清总胆固醇含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);40mg/kg剂量组小鼠血清低密度脂蛋白含量显著高于对照组、80mg/kg剂量组(P<0.05),各组间血清高密度脂蛋白含量无显著差异;80,160mg/kg剂量组小鼠肝脏过氧化氢酶活性显著高于对照组、40mg/kg剂量组(P<0.05),80mg/kg剂量组小鼠肝脏过氧化氢酶活性极显著高于40 mg/kg剂量组(P<0.01);40,80mg/kg剂量组小鼠肝脏Cu-Zn SOD活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05);160 mg/kg剂量组小鼠肝脏抑制羟自由基能力显著低于对照组、40mg/kg剂量组及80mg/kg剂量组(P<0.05);随染毒剂量增加,小鼠肝脏MDA含量增加,但各组间含量差异不显著;随染毒剂量增加,小鼠肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性提高;但各组间活性差异不显著。各组间肝脏H2O2含量、总SOD活性无显著性差异。病理学检查发现,大脑细胞存在噬神经现象,脾脏红髓与白髓的界限不清晰;肺泡壁增厚,局部炎性细胞浸润,曲精小管间的间隙增大,生精细胞排列紊乱、脱落。结果表明:经口连续染毒纳米氧化锌90d能影响雄性小鼠肝脏抗氧化系统,导致小鼠糖、脂代谢紊乱,引起高脂血症,纳米氧化锌对雄性小鼠具有神经毒性及生殖毒性。     

纳米氧化锌对小鼠的亚慢性损伤研究

为检测纳米氧化锌对小鼠的亚慢性损伤作用,以不同剂量经口连续染毒纳米氧化锌,90d后摘眼球取血,对血常规、肝功、肾功、抗氧化指标进行检测。并扑杀各组小鼠,取肝脏、肾脏等组织,切片后经HE染色观察染毒小鼠的病理损伤。结果发现,40、160及320mg/kg剂量组小鼠红细胞数显著低于对照组(P0.05);40mg/kg剂量组小鼠血红蛋白含量极显著低于对照组(P0.01)。40mg/kg剂量组小鼠谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性显著高于对照组(P0.05)。80、320mg/kg剂量组小鼠谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著高于对照组(P0.05)。80、160mg/kg剂量组小鼠血清肌酐含量极显著高于对照组(P0.01)。各染毒组小鼠血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性极显著高于对照组(P0.01)。40、80及320 mg/kg剂量组小鼠血清抑制羟自由基能力极显著低于对照组(P0.01)。40mg/kg剂量组丙二醛(MDA)含量极显著高于对照组(P0.01)。80mg/kg剂量组小鼠血清过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性极显著高于40、160及320mg/kg剂量组(P0.01)。病理学检查结果显示,小肠黏膜结构不完整,绒毛出现断裂,黏膜上皮脱落。心肌纤维断裂,心肌细胞肿大,细胞核溶解、形状不规则。肝细胞排列不规则,轮廓模糊,有少量核溶解、核破裂现象,部分区域炎性细胞浸润。肾脏部分区域炎性细胞浸润,少量肾小球萎缩。结果表明,90d暴露纳米氧化锌能影响小鼠的抗氧化系统,并对小肠、肝脏、肾脏、心脏等脏器产生损伤作用。     

纳豆多糖对环磷酰胺所致免疫低下小鼠的肝肾抗氧化能力的影响

为了阐明纳豆多糖对小鼠肝和肾抗氧化能力的影响和最适作用浓度。用昆明种小鼠以环磷酰胺(80mg/kg)造成免疫低下动物模型,然后以纳豆多糖(200,500mg/kg)灌胃2周。试验中进行了一般症状的观察及体重变化的测定,测定了脏器指数,进行了肝肾的抗氧化特性的检查。试验结果表明,与对照组相比纳豆多糖高剂量组(500mg/kg)、低剂量组(200mg/kg)小鼠肝肾中的丙二醛(MDA)含量明显降低(P<0.05),且纳豆高剂量组和低剂量组比对照组肝、肾组织中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力明显升高,纳豆多糖对小鼠肝肾产生抗氧化效果的合适剂量为200mg/kg。     

甜味剂莱鲍迪苷A的致突变作用试验

为了评价甜菊糖苷中的主要成分之一莱鲍迪苷A的致突变作用,在2 500~4μg/皿范围内,对莱鲍迪苷A(含量≥97%)进行了Ames试验,灭菌水作为阴性对照;以5.0 g/kg体重、2.5 g/kg体重和1.25 g/kg体重剂量进行了小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验和小鼠精子畸形试验,以40 mg/kg环磷酰胺为阳性对照,生理盐水为阴性对照。结果 Ames试验中,莱鲍迪苷A对TA97、TA98、TA100和TA102菌株的回变菌落数均小于阴性对照组的两倍,且未见剂量-反应关系,Ames试验阴性;小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验和小鼠精子畸形试验均为阴性。表明莱鲍迪苷A在试验剂量下无致突变作用。     

糖肽酮萜素对肉仔鸡生长性能的影响

选用1日龄Avian肉仔鸡600只，随机分成3组（每组4个重复，每个重复50只）。空白对照组喂基础日粮（无抗生素添加剂），抗生素对照组喂基础日粮＋380 mg/kg金霉素，试验组喂基础日粮＋500 mg/kg糖肽酮萜素。饲养试验结果表明：在1~49日龄期间，添加500 mg/kg糖肽酮萜素组比无添加剂的空白对照组和添加380 mg/kg的抗生素对照组的肉仔公鸡平均日增重分别提高了17.42%(P<0.05)、0.92%(P>0.05)；而饲料转化效率分别提高了6.06%（P<0.05）、1.06%(P>0.05)。对于肉仔母鸡，与空白对照组相比，试验组日增重提高了12.68%(P<0.05)，饲料转化效率提高了7.21%（P<0.05）；日增重及饲料转化效率比抗生素对照组略低，但差异不显著(P>0.05)。本研究结果证明:从促生长的角度糖肽酮萜素完全可以替代抗生素类饲料添加剂。     

Effect of dietary saponin rich soapnut (Sapindus mukorossi) shell powder on growth performance,immunity, serum biochemistry and gut health of broiler chickens

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary soapnut (Sapindus mukorossi) shell powder (SSP), a cheap source of saponins, on growth performance, immunity, serum biochemistry and gut health of broiler chickens. The experimental design was 4×2, employing four saponin levels (0, 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg diet), each provided for two time durations (0–42 day and 21–42 day) resulting into eight dietary treatments. Results revealed no significant effect of dietary saponins on body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of birds. The abdominal fat percentage, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio, serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels, faecal total plate count, coliform count and E. coli count decreased (p < .05) progressively with increasing saponin levels and lower values were observed at 150 mg and 200 mg saponin levels. Significant improvement of cell‐mediated and humoral immune response was observed in birds fed 150 mg and 200 mg saponin compared to control. The serum glucose concentration was significantly (p < .05) higher in control group compared to other groups. No significant effects of dietary saponin were observed on carcass characteristics, faecal Lactobacillus count, intestinal histomorphometry and cost economics of broiler chicken production. Thus, dietary saponins at 150 mg/kg diet as SSP for three weeks (21–42 days) was optimum for better immunity and welfare of birds without adverse effects on the growth performance.     

田七总皂苷的制备及其免疫活性试验

用700mL/L乙醇回流提取、大孔吸附树脂分离纯化得到田七总皂苷(PNS),进行薄层色谱鉴别和含量测定。为评价PNS的免疫调节作用,用环磷酰胺(CTX)为免疫抑制剂建立小鼠免疫抑制模型,分别以4种剂量的PNS(5、25、50、75mg/kg)腹腔注射给药,测定胸腺和脾脏指数以及血清中IL-2、IFN-γ和TNF-α水平,并从组织形态上观察胸腺与脾脏的结构变化。结果表明,PNS能使小鼠胸腺和脾脏指数有所提高,但无统计学意义(P>0.05);25mg/kg剂量能显著升高血清中IFN-γ和TNF-α水平(P<0.05),50mg/kg剂量能显著升高血清中TNF-α水平(P<0.05);PNS处理组能不同程度地对抗模型所致小鼠胸腺和脾脏的萎缩,增加胸腺皮质厚度和细胞数量,增加脾小结大小和淋巴细胞数量,在高剂量组尤为明显。     

苜蓿皂苷对高脂血症大鼠胆固醇代谢及其相关基因表达的影响

本文旨在探讨苜蓿皂苷对高脂血症大鼠胆固醇代谢及肝脏组织中胆固醇7α-羟化酶( CYP7 A1)、低密度脂蛋白受体(LDL-R)基因表达的影响.取雄性健康SD大鼠40只,随机分为4组,分别为:正常对照组、高脂模型组、苜蓿皂苷预防组和苜蓿皂苷治疗组,每组10只.正常对照组饲喂基础饲粮,其余3组均饲喂高脂饲粮,其中苜蓿皂苷预防组从第1周开始灌胃240 mg/kg苜蓿皂苷,苜蓿皂苷治疗组从第5周开始灌胃240 mg/kg苜蓿皂苷,试验期共8周.测定试验大鼠体重、肝脏系数、血脂水平和肝脏病理变化情况,并采用酶联免疫法和实时荧光定量PCR技术分别检测大鼠肝脏CYP7A1和LDL-R的蛋白和mRNA表达结果.结果表明:1)和高脂模型组相比,苜蓿皂苷极显著降低预防组大鼠体重及预防组和治疗组血清总胆固醇及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量(P＜0.01),同时改善肝脏脂化程度.2)苜蓿皂苷预防组和治疗组CYP7 A1和LDL-R的蛋白和mRNA表达量极显著高于高脂模型组(P＜0.01).结果提示,苜蓿皂苷通过促进肝脏CYP7A1和LDL-R的表达,增强肝脏胆固醇的排泄,发挥其对高脂血症的预防和治疗作用.     

Effect of essential oils or saponins alone or in combination on productive performance,intestinal morphology and digestive enzymes' activity of broiler chickens

This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of essential oils or saponins alone or in combination on productive performance, intestinal morphology, and digestive enzymes' activity in broilers. Four hundred one-day-old male broiler chickens were randomly assigned to four treatments, each with 5 replicates. The birds were fed experimental diets contained either no phytogenic feed additives (control) or were supplemented with 25.0 mg/kg of an essential oil blend from star anise, rosemary, thyme and oregano (essential oils); 46.0 mg/kg of a Quillaja saponin blend (saponins); or a combination of both phytogenic preparations (essential oils plus saponins). The experiment lasted for 42 days. Body weight, feed intake and weight gain were recorded weekly, and the feed conversion ratio was calculated, throughout the experiment. Intestinal morphology and digestive enzymes' activity were determined at the end of the experiment. It was found that the body weight was increased by all dietary supplements at the end of the experiment. There was no change in performance parameters among the treatments during the starter period. At the grower period and the overall experiment, the weight gain of birds was higher in all supplemented groups compared to the control, but the feed conversion was better in the essential oils with saponins treatment. Supplementation of essential oils or saponins alone or in combination increased the villus height and the villus/crypt ratio of the intestine. There was an increase in trypsin, chymotrypsin and elastase activities in the essential oils plus saponins group only. The obtained results indicate that the phytogenic feed additives, especially essential oils with saponins, can be considered as new promising agents in promoting the growth performance of broilers. The effect could be related to its improving impact in intestinal development and increasing the protease enzymes' activity, resulting in increased protein digestibility and absorption of dietary nutrients.     

罗汉果总皂苷对高糖高脂饲料联合链脲佐菌素致2型糖尿病大鼠的作用

试验旨在研究罗汉果总皂苷改善高糖高脂饲料联合链脲佐菌素致2型糖尿病大鼠的作用,以高糖高脂饮食联合链脲佐菌素建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型,造模成功大鼠灌胃给予罗汉果总皂苷（100、200、400 mg/kg）或二甲双胍（268 mg/kg）,每天1次,连续给药4周后,记录"三多一少"指标（24 h内尿量、饮水量和采食量,体重）;检测生化指标,分析空腹血糖值（FBG）、血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、胰岛素（INS）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、尿素氮（BUN）和肌酐（Cr）水平,采用苏木素-伊红染色法（HE）观察胰腺的病理学改变。与模型组比较,罗汉果总皂苷各剂量组及二甲双胍组均可显著或极显著降低采食量、饮水量、尿量,血液指标FBG、INS、MDA、TC、TG、BUN和Cr水平、以及AST和ALT活性（P<0.05;P<0.01）,而CAT、SOD活性和HDL-C水平显著或极显著升高（P<0.05;P<0.01）;胰腺组织中,胰腺细胞数目明显增多,胰腺病理性损伤明显减轻。罗汉果总皂苷及二甲双胍均具有明显改善糖代谢紊乱的作用,同时可明显减轻胰岛素抵抗,增强机体抗氧化应激的能力和改善肝肾功能。     

Effects of Momordica grosvenori Saponins on Type 2 Diabetes Rats Induced by High-sucrose/High-fat Diet and Streptozotocin

The purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of Momordica grosvenori saponins on improving the effect of high-sucrose/high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetes in rats.The type 2 diabetes rat model was established with a high-sucrose and high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin.Successfully modeled rats were given the total saponins of Momordica grosvenori (100,200,400 mg/kg) or metformin (268 mg/kg) by gavage,once a day for 4 weeks.Recording the "three more and one less"index (24 h internal urine output,water intake and feed intake,body weight);Detecting of biochemical indicators,analysis of fasting blood glucose (FBG),serum total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),insulin (INS),catalase (CAT),superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA),alanine aminotransferase (AST),aspartate aminotransferase (ALT),blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) levels.Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) was used to observe the pathological changes of the pancreas.Compared with the model group,the feed intake,water intake,urine output,blood indicators FBG,INS,MDA,TC,TG,BUN and Cr levels,AST and ALT activities were significantly or extremely significantly decreased in the total saponins of Momordica grosvenori each dose group and metformin group (P<0.05;P<0.01),while CAT,SOD activities and HDL-C level were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P<0.05;P<0.01).In pancreatic tissue,the number of pancreatic cells was increased significantly,and the pathological damage of the pancreas was significantly reduced. Momordica grosvenori saponins and metformin had obvious effects on improving glucose metabolism disorders,and at the same time could significantly reduce insulin resistance,enhance the body’s ability to resist oxidative stress and improve liver and kidney functions.     

Characterization of the antinociceptive and sedative effect of amitraz in horses

Amitraz, an acaricide used to control ectoparasites in animals has a complex pharmacological activity, including α₂-adrenergic agonist action. The purpose of this research was to investigate the possible antinociceptive and/or sedative effect of amitraz in horses. The sedative effect of the intravenous (i.v.) injection of dimethylformamide (DMF, 5 mL, control) or amitraz (0.05, 0.10, 0.15 mg/kg), was investigated on the head ptosis test. The participation of α₂-adrenergic receptors in the sedative effect provoked by amitraz was studied by dosing yohimbine (0.12 mg/kg, i.v.). To measure the antinociception, xylazine hydrochloride (1 mg/kg, i.v., positive control) and the same doses of amitraz and DMF were used. A focused radiant light/heat directed onto the fetlock and withers of a horse were used as a noxious stimulus to measure the hoof withdrawal reflex latency (HWRL) and the skin twitch reflex latency (STRL). The three doses of amitraz used (0.05, 0.10 and 0.15 mg/kg) provoked a dose-dependent relaxation of the cervical muscles. The experiments with amitraz and xylazine on the HWRL showed that after i.v. administration of all doses of amitraz there was a significant increase of HWRL up to 150 min after the injections. Additionally, there was a significant difference between control (DMF) and positive control (xylazine) values up to 30 min after drug injection. On the other hand, the experiments on the STRL show that after administration of amitraz at the dose of 0.15 mg/kg, a significant increase in STRL was observed when compared with the control group. This effect lasted up to 120 min after injection. However, no significant antinociceptive effect was observed with the 0.05 and 0.10 mg/kg doses of amitraz or at the 1.0 mg/kg dose of xylazine.     

苜蓿皂苷对SD大鼠胆固醇代谢的影响及其分子机理的初步探讨

研究了苜蓿皂苷对SD大鼠胆固醇代谢的影响,并初步探讨其分子机理。取雄性健康SD大鼠32只,随机分为4组,分别为:正常对照组、苜蓿皂苷组、高脂模型组和高脂皂苷组,每组8只。前4周为高脂模型建立期,后4周为灌胃期,正常对照组和苜蓿皂苷组饲喂基础饲粮,其余2组饲喂高脂饲粮,苜蓿皂苷组和高脂皂苷组从第5周开始灌胃240 mg/kg苜蓿皂苷,灌胃4周。测定试验大鼠体重、肝脏系数、血脂水平、粪便和肝脏中的胆固醇、胆汁酸含量,并用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测大鼠肝脏胆固醇7α-羟化酶(CYP7a1)和三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运体G5/三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运体G8(ABCG5/ABCG8) mRNA的表达量。结果表明,1)苜蓿皂苷显著降低高脂大鼠体重、肝脏系数;降低血清中总胆固醇含量,加速胆固醇向肝脏的聚集;增加粪便中胆固醇和胆汁酸的排出; 2)显著增加正常血脂水平大鼠粪便中胆固醇的含量,但对其体重、肝脏系数等影响不大;3)添加苜蓿皂苷后正常和高脂水平SD大鼠肝脏CYP7a1和ABCG5/ABCG8 mRNA的表达量均成倍增加。提示苜蓿皂苷能够调节SD大鼠体内胆固醇的分布,具有良好的降血脂效应,其效应可能与增加CYP7a1和ABCG5/ABCG8 mRNA表达量,加速体内胆固醇、胆汁酸排泄有关。     

Protective Effects of Proanthocyanidins on the Liver and Kidney Oxidative Damage Induced by Zearalenone in Mice

The experiment was conducted to study whether the proanthocyanidin (PC) had the protective effects on the liver and kidney oxidative damage induced by zearalenone in mice.40 8 to 9 week-old healthy clean grade Kunming mice with the 45 g body weight were chosen and randomly divided into four groups: control group was given normal saline,PC group was given 100 mg/kg PC,ZEA group was given 40 mg/kg ZEA and PC＋ZEA group was fed 100 mg/kg PC＋40 mg/kg ZEA.Liver and blood sampls were taken after cervical vertebra to death.AST、ALT、MDA、SOD were measured to determine the degree of liver damage and antioxidant capacity,and UA and BUN were used to determine the kidney damage.The results showed that: Compared with the control group,the indexes of PC group were not significant changed (P>0.05),indicating that there was no obvious oxidative damage in the liver and kidney.Compared with control group,ALT,MDA and AST content were significantly or extremely significant increased in ZEA group (P<0.05;P<0.01),SOD content was extremely significant decreased (P<0.01),UA and BUN were extremely significant increased in serum (P<0.01),indicating that the liver and kidney of ZEA group had a serious oxidative damage.The indexes of the PC＋ZEA group (except SOD)were significantly or extremely significant lower than ZEA group (P<0.05;P<0.01),indicating that the oxidative damage of the liver and kidney in PC＋ZEA group was lower than that in the ZEA group.In conclusion,the liver and kidney oxidative damage of mice induced by ZEA was eased to some extent by PC.