苏姜猪A-FABP基因遗传多态性及其与肉质性状的关联分析

研究采用PCR-RFLP技术分析苏姜猪、姜曲海猪、长白猪群体A-FABP基因遗传多态性,并用统计学方法分析基因座多态与肉质性状的相关性。结果表明:3个猪种A-FABP基因内含子1均具有Bsm I酶切多态性,分别检测到3种基因型(AA、AB和BB),χ~2适合性检验显示,3个猪种A-FABP基因型分布处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P0.05)。多态信息含量(PIC)分析显示,3个品种猪均为中度多态;基因型与肉质性状关联分析显示,不同基因型肌内脂肪含量、大理石纹差异显著,大理石纹AA、AB型显著高于BB型(P0.05),肌内脂肪含量AA显著高于AB、BB型(P0.05)。结论显示,苏姜猪、姜曲海猪、长白猪A-FABP基因intron 1多态性对肉质性状影响显著。     

猪IGFBP2基因遗传多态性及其与肉质性状的关联分析

试验旨在探究胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白2（insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2,IGFBP2）基因遗传变异对猪肉质性状的影响,为猪品种选育提供遗传学依据。参考GenBank中猪IGFBP2基因序列（登录号：BV727778）设计1对引物,采用PCR-RFLP技术检测IGFBP2基因在苏姜猪、姜曲海猪、长白猪中的遗传多态性,并分析基因座多态性与猪肉质性状的相关性。结果发现,3个猪种IGFBP2基因内含子3均具有Msp Ⅰ酶切多态性,分别检测到3种基因型：AA、AB和BB;χ²适合性检验显示,3个猪种IGFBP2基因基因型分布均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态（P > 0.05）;多态信息含量（PIC）分析显示,3个猪种均为中度多态。IGFBP2基因不同基因型与肉质性状关联分析显示,3个猪种不同基因型肉色、肌内脂肪含量、大理石纹差异显著,AA基因型肉色（姜曲海猪除外）、肌内脂肪含量均显著高于AB、BB基因型（P < 0.05）;AA、AB基因型大理石纹显著高于BB基因型（P < 0.05）,其余指标间差异不显著（P > 0.05）。综上,苏姜猪、姜曲海猪、长白猪IGFBP2基因内含子3多态性对肉质性状影响显著,可作为潜在影响猪肉质性状的候选基因。     

新疆褐牛Leptin基因外显子Ⅱ E2JW多态性与体尺性状的相关性研究

为探讨新疆褐牛Leptin基因与体尺的相关性,以42头成年健康的新疆褐牛为研究对象,利用PCR-SSCP方法,检测Leptin基因外显子II E2JW多态性并与新疆褐牛体尺性状进行相关性分析。结果表明,Leptin基因E2JW具有三种基因型AA、AB和BB型,其基因型频率分别为0.1908、0.5238和0.2857。经测序发现:该位点T103C、C113T、C126G和T252A处存在突变。群体多态信息含量0.3727,属于中度多态、遗传杂合度0.4954,B等位基因是优势等位基因。与新疆褐牛相关性分析结果表明:AA基因型个体体高、十字部高均值显著高于BB基因型个体(P0.05)。BB基因型个体后腿围显著高于AB型(P0.05)。研究结果表明,新疆褐牛Leptin基因外显子II E2JW多态性与其体尺性状具有显著相关性,可作为新疆褐牛体尺性状选育的潜在分子标记位点。     

籽鹅GH基因内含子3多态性及其与体重和屠体性状的关联分析

根据鸭生长激素基因内含子3的序列设计引物，利用PCR—SSCP方法对籽鹅进行了单核苷酸多态性分析，并检测其多态性。结果表明，籽鹅生长激素基因内含子3长约364bp，共发现了7个突变位点，分别为A160G、C167G、T264C突变，以及AA型个体在176、177位点G、A碱基缺失和BB型个体在231、232位点C、T碱基缺失。产生AA、AB和BB3种基因型，其中BB基因型为优势基因型，且基因型频率表现为BB〉AB〉AA；卡方检验结果表明，基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡（P〉0．05）。不同基因型与体重和屠体性状的关联分析结果表明：BB基因型个体的7周龄体重、9周龄体重、10周龄体重、胸肌重、胸肌率及心脏重显著高于AA型个体（P〈0．05）；BB基因型个体8周龄体重显著高于AB型个体（P〈0O．05）；在所分析的性状中，BB基因型个体的均值最大，AB型次之，AA型最小。     

草原红牛肌生成抑制素基因内含子1多态性及部分屠宰性状的相关性分析

以草原红牛为研究对象,采用PCR-SSCP方法检测肌生成抑制素(MSTN)基因内含子1基因的多态性.结果表明:在内含子1发现多态性位点,有AA、AB和BB 3种基因型;测序结果显示在1 452 bp处存在C→T的碱基突变;该位点的多态性对草原红牛的净内率有显著影响(P<0.05),BB型和AB型显著高于AA型(P<0.05),BB型和AB型之间差异不显著(P>0.05);其他屠宰性状在不同基因型间差异不显著(P>0.05).由此可以初步推断MSTN基因可能是影响草原红牛肉质性状的一个主效基因或是一个影响肉质性状的QTL连锁的基因.     

Leptin基因第3469位点基因型对合作猪繁殖性能和体尺的影响

以Leptin基因作为控制猪产仔性状和生长性状的候选基因,采用PCR-SSCP技术在合作猪群体中进行单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)检测,分析Leptin基因的遗传多样性及突变位点基因型频率与基因频率。同时,结合生长性状和母猪产仔性状记录,研究了不同基因型对产仔性状、生长性状的遗传效应。结果:通过对合作猪Leptin基因SNPs分析,检测到了2个等位基因,3种基因型。Leptin基因第3469位点的基因型效应对合作猪体重、体高、胸围、头长、头胎总产仔数、2胎总产仔数、2胎活产仔数、3胎总产仔数、3胎活产仔数和4胎活产仔数影响均显著(P0.05),而对体长、头胎活产仔数和4胎总产仔数影响不显著(P0.05)。这表明Leptin基因第3469位点的突变与合作猪的产仔数和生长性状有密切关系,Leptin基因可作为控制合作猪产仔性状和生长性状的候选基因。     

大白猪和长白猪EPOR基因第4内含子多态性与繁殖性状的关联分析

本研究以大白猪和长白猪为研究对象,以促红细胞生成素受体（erythropoietin receptor,EPOR）基因作为产仔性状的候选基因,采用PCR-SSCP方法来检测EPOR基因第4内含子C＼T突变多态性,研究此位点多态性与猪繁殖性状之间的关联性。结果发现,在长白猪和大白猪中存在AA、AB和BB共3种基因型,在2个群体中处于中度多态。利用SAS 8.0软件采用最小二乘法拟合线性模型,将不同基因型与总产仔数（TNB）、产活仔数（NBA）和初生重（WB）进行了关联分析,结果表明,长白猪初产母猪BB基因型个体的WB显著高于AB、AA基因型个体（P＜0.05）;经产母猪BB基因型个体的TNB显著高于AB基因型个体（P＜0.05）;B等位基因对初产母猪TNB、NBA和WB均表现为正效应。大白猪初产母猪BB基因型个体的TNB、NBA和WB都高于AA型和AB型个体,但差异均不显著（P＞0.05）;经产母猪AB基因型个体的WB显著高于AA基因型个体（P＜0.05）;B等位基因对初产母猪TNB、NBA和WB都表现为正效应。     

草原红牛改良群体H-FABP基因SNP及其与肉质性状的相关分析

试验采用PCR-SSCP的方法对含1/2利木赞血缘的改良草原红牛的H-FABP基因5’-调控区进行SNP分析,并分析其多态性与改良草原红牛肉质性状的相关性。结果表明:改良草原红牛H-FABP基因5’-调控区存在多态位点,在136位点发生1个T碱基的插入突变,在142位点,发生了G→A转换。相关分析结果显示剪切力在AA和AB、BB基因型间差异极显著(P<0.01),AB与BB基因型间差异不显著(P>0.05),A基因对剪切力有负效应,其余肉质性状在不同基因型间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。表明H-FABP基因对改良草原红牛肉质嫩度有显著影响。     

草原红牛IGFBP3基因多态性及与部分屠宰性状的相关性分析

以草原红牛为研究对象,采用PCR-SSCP方法检测IGFBP3基因的多态性,并将不同基因型与部分屠宰性状进行相关分析.结果表明在第2内含子发现多态性位点,有AA、AB和BB 3种基因型;测序结果显示在8 069 bp处存在C→T的碱基突变;该位点的多态性对草原红牛的眼肌面积有显著影响(P<0.05),AA型显著高于BB型(P<0.05),但与AB型之间差异不显著(P>0.05);其他屠宰性状在不同基因型间差异不显著.由此可以初步推断IGFBP3基因可能是影响草原红牛肉质性状的一个主效基因或是一个与影响肉质性状的QTL连锁的基因.     

鸡催乳素基因外显子5的多态性及Taq I位点与边鸡繁殖性状的相关性分析

研究采用DNA池直接测序法寻找边鸡催乳素基因外显子5区域的多态位点.用PCR-RFLP技术检测发现的Taq I位点在边鸡以及3个对照鸡品种(京海黄鸡、尤溪麻鸡和AA鸡)中的单核苷酸多态性,并与边鸡的繁殖性状进行相关性分析.结果表明:在外显子5区域检测到3个突变位点(C5749T、T5821C、C25956T).T5821C位点经Taq I酶切显示3种基因型(AA、AB和BB).在4个鸡品种中都以A等位基因为优势等位基因.最小二乘分析表明,边鸡3种基因型个体的繁殖性状无显著差异(P>0.05).     

The Association Analysis Between the SNPs of Leptin Gene and Litter Size Trait in Pigs

The research was aimed to analyze the association of Leptingene and breed traits on pigs. Three pairs of primers were designed which based on DNA sequence of pig Leptin gene (GenBank accession No.U66254, AF026976),the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of Leptin gene were detected by PCR-SSCP in Sujiang and Jiangquhai pigs. The results showed that three genotypes of AA,AB and BB were identified, and the mutation (T3469C) in CDS of Leptin gene was found,but amino acid change weren't happened. The Chi-square test results showed that the Leptin genotype distribution of Sujiang and Jiangquhai pigs was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05). The polymorphism information content (PIC) were moderate polymorphism in Sujiang pigs,and low polymorphism in Jiangquhai pigs. The statistic analysis results showed that there were no significant association between the SNP of Leptin genotype and litter size trait(P>0.05). But the average litter size of T3469C site AB genotype was higher than AA and BB genotypes, it was concluded that the T3469C polymorphism of Leptingene might be the genetic marker which potentially affected pig breed traits.     

Polymorphism of IGFBP2 Gene and Its Association with Meat Quality Traits in Pigs

This study was aimed to analyze the genetic variation of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) gene effect on meat quality traits in pigs. A pair of primer was designed,which based on DNA sequence of IGFBP2 gene (GenBank accession No.:BV727778). The genetic polymorphism of IGFBP2 gene was detected by PCR-RFLP in Sujiang pig, Jiangquhai pig and Landrace pig, and the association between IGFBP2 gene polymorphism and meat quality traits in three pig breeds was analyzed. The results showed that three genotypes (AA, AB and BB) were detected. The Chi-square test results showed that the genotype distribution of three pig breeds was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05). The polymorphism information content (PIC) were moderately polymorphic in three pig breeds. According to the association analysis of different genotypes, significant difference was found in color value, intramuscular fat content and marbling, the color value (except for Jianquhai pig) and intramuscular fat content of AA genotype were significantly higher than AB and BB genotypes (P < 0.05), the marbling of AA and AB genotypes was significantly higher than BB genotype (P < 0.05). In conclusion,the polymorphism of IGFBP2 gene intron 3 had significant effects on meat quality traits, and was candidate gene for the potential impact on meat quality traits of pigs.     

贵州地方猪种UCP3基因多态性与肉质性状的相关性分析

解耦联蛋白3(uncoupling protein 3,UCP3)是调节能量和脂肪代谢的重要因子。以商品猪(杂交猪)为对照,采用SSCP方法对贵州地方猪品种糯谷猪和萝卜猪的UCP3基因进行了多态性分析。结果表明:3个猪群体中,都检测到了3种基因型(AA、BB、AB),χ2独立性检验结果显示,3种基因型在3个群体间的分布不一致,糯谷猪和萝卜猪以AB基因型为主,杂交猪以BB基因型占优势,杂交猪与地方猪种之间的差异显著(P<0.01);对纯合基因型的UCP3基因片段进行克隆测序,证实AA基因型中UCP3基因外显子6编码区第842位碱基发生了单碱基突变(T→C),导致编码的氨基酸从苏氨酸突变为甲硫氨酸。进一步分析3种基因型与胴体和肉质性状之间的相关性,证明AB基因型个体的肉质最优,贵州地方猪种的大理石纹、肌内脂肪含量和嫩度3项指标显著优于商品猪(P<0.01),因此推测UCP3基因与贵州地方猪种的肉质性状具有相关性,可能是贵州地方猪种肉质性状的候选基因。     

Plasma leptin levels in pigs with different leptin and leptin receptor genotypes

A C3469T mutation at exon 3 of the pig leptin (Lep) gene has been genotyped in diverse pig breeds yielding controversial results with regard to its association with growth, fatness and carcass traits. A similar situation has been reported for a HpaII restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in the pig leptin receptor (Lepr) gene, where associations were found depending on the statistical model employed. The main objective of our work was to investigate if leptin plasma concentrations differ in pigs with different C3469T and Lepr HpaII RFLP genotypes. With this aim, we have measured plasma leptin levels at 160 days in 68 Landrace pigs with different Lep C3469T and Lepr HpaII RFLP genotypes. Neither Lep (TT: 11.68 ng/ml, TC: 10.71 ng/ml) nor Lepr (AA: 12.6 ng/ml, AB: 10.93 ng/ml, BB: 11.74 ng/ml) genotypes influenced significantly plasma Lep concentration. Moreover, we did not find any association between Lep and Lepr genotypes and phenotypic variation at growth and fatness traits in a commercial population of 320 Landrace pigs.     

猪PRLR和FSHβ基因多态性检测及其与繁殖性状的关联分析

试验旨在研究催乳素受体（prolactin receptor,PRLR）和卵泡刺激素β（follicle-stimulating hormone β,FSHβ）基因的多态性及其与母猪繁殖性状的关联分析。采用PCR-RFLP方法对大白猪、杜洛克猪和长白猪3个猪种共487头母猪进行了PRLR和FSHβ基因多态性检验,并采用单因子方差分析、LSD法分析不同基因型与母猪总产仔数、产活仔数、断奶窝重和断奶窝仔数等繁殖性状的相关性。结果表明,PRLR基因在大白猪和长白猪中B等位基因均为优势基因,基因频率分别为0.717和0.548,大白猪BB基因型总产仔数显著高于AA基因型（P<0.05）,长白猪BB基因型断奶窝重显著高于AB基因型（P<0.05）;FSHβ基因在大白猪、杜洛克猪和长白猪3个猪种中B等位基因均为优势基因,基因频率分别为0.804、0.760和0.789,长白猪BB基因型总产仔数和产活仔数均显著高于AB基因型（P<0.05）,呈现BB>AA>AB趋势。因此,PRLR和FSHβ基因对荣昌猪场母猪繁殖性能有一定影响,可作为母猪繁殖性能分子选育的候选参考基因。     

GPR54基因多态性与小梅山猪产仔数的关联分析

本研究旨在检测猪GPR54基因多态性,分析其与产仔数之间的关系。采用PCR-SSCP、PCR-R FLP和直接测序方法,对小梅山猪、枫泾猪和大白猪3个群体218头繁殖母猪进行GPR54基因的多态分析,并采用最小二乘法分析其与616窝小梅山母猪繁殖记录的关系。结果表明:在3对引物(P1、P4、P8)中检测到3个多态位点,其中1个多态位点(P1)导致氨基酸的改变(Leu35Pro),P4与P8位点的基因遗传为连锁遗传;P1位点上,2胎以上小梅山母猪中,BB型个体的产活仔数(NBA)比AB型和AA型分别高0.69、1.65头(P0.01),所有胎次中,BB型个体的TNB和NBA均高于AA型(P0.01)和AB型(P0.01);P4/P8位点上,杂合型的总产仔数(TNB)和NBA均高于纯合型。结果提示,对于小梅山猪,P1位点的BB基因型可作为小梅山猪辅助选择的遗传标记。     

Effects of prolactin receptor genotype on the litter size of Mangalica

The aim of this study was to detect different alleles of the prolactin receptor (PRLR) gene and to examine their effects on the litter size of the indigenous Hungarian pig, the Mangalica. G1789A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was investigated as a candidate for litter size. Samples from 80 purebred Mangalica sows and data of their 335 litters were provided by Olmos & Tóth Ltd. Hair follicles were used to isolate the required DNA. Allelic discrimination was performed by means of the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method using the AluI restriction enzyme and agarose gel electrophoresis. In the population examined, the A allele was found to be preferable in the Mangalica breed group. The most advantageous AA genotype was the least prevalent (8.75%), while the frequencies of AB and BB were 40% and 51.25%, respectively. Remarkably, the average number of piglets born alive per litter was 1.11 ± 0.39 higher in sows with AA as compared to those with BB genotype. By raising the frequency of the AA genotype, the litter size is likely to increase. However, the effect of PRLR genotypes can differ among pig breeds and even lines. Further studies may be required to observe and estimate possible pleiotropic effects of this polymorphism on other traits.