禽沙门氏菌的分离和鉴定

禽沙门氏菌病是由沙门氏菌属中的某一种或多种沙门氏菌引起的禽类急性或慢性疾病的总称。沙门氏菌是肠杆菌科中一大属,有2000多个血清型,广泛存在于人和各种动物的肠道内。在自然界中,家禽是其最主要的贮存宿主,沙门氏菌依病原体抗原结构的不同分为鸡白痢沙门氏菌、鸡伤寒沙门氏菌和其他有鞭毛能运动的沙门氏菌,鸡白痢沙门氏菌、鸡伤寒沙门氏菌主要引起鸡和火鸡发病,其他有鞭毛能运动的沙门氏菌广泛感染各种动物和人。它不但会对畜牧业生产造成严重的经济损失,而且会严重威胁人类的健康。     

鸡沙门氏菌病的防治

<正>鸡沙门氏菌病是由沙门氏菌属引起的一组传染病,主要包括鸡白痢、鸡伤寒和鸡副伤寒。沙门氏菌属是一大属血清学相关的革兰氏附性杆菌,共有3000多个血清型。禽沙门氏菌病依据其病原体不同可分为五种类型。由鸡白痢沙门氏菌所引起的称为鸡白痢,由鸡伤寒沙门氏菌引起的称为禽伤寒,而其他有鞭毛能运动的沙门氏菌所引起的禽类疾病则统称为禽副伤寒。诱发禽副伤寒的沙门氏菌能广泛地感染各种动物和人类。因此,     

禽沙门氏杆菌病的防治

禽沙门氏杆菌病是由沙门氏菌属中一种或几种沙门氏菌引起的禽类一种急性或慢性疾病。鸡沙门氏菌病包括鸡白痢、禽伤寒和禽副伤寒。其中前两者是由单一沙门氏菌引起的,如鸡白痢为鸡白痢沙门氏菌引起,禽伤寒为禽伤寒沙门氏菌引起。而禽副伤寒则由多种沙门氏菌引起,凡不属于前两种沙门氏菌引起的禽沙门氏菌病统称为禽副伤寒病。本病遍市于世界各地,不仅严重危害养禽业的发展,而且还威胁到人类的健康,是一种人畜共患的传染病。     

聚合酶链反应在沙门氏菌检测中的研究进展

沙门氏菌是一种常见的病原菌,它不仅能导致鸡白痢、仔猪副伤寒、流产等动物疾病,还能使人类发生伤寒、副伤寒、败血症、胃肠炎和食物中毒。在各地的食物中毒中,沙门氏菌引起的中毒病例占首位或第二位。然而,沙门氏菌的检测长期以来缺乏一种简便、快速、敏感性高和特异...     

禽沙门氏菌的分离和鉴定

禽沙门氏菌病是由沙门氏菌属中的某一种或多种沙门氏菌引起的禽类急性或慢性疾病的总称。沙门氏菌是肠杆菌科中一大属，有2000多个血清型，广泛存在于人和各种动物的肠道内。在自然界中，家禽是其最主要的贮存宿主，沙门氏菌依病原体抗原结构的不同分为鸡白痢沙门氏菌、鸡伤寒沙门氏菌和其他有鞭毛能运动的沙门氏菌，鸡白痢沙门氏菌、鸡伤寒沙门氏菌主要引起鸡和火鸡发病，其他有鞭毛能运动的沙门氏菌广泛感染各种动物和人。它不但会对畜牧业生产造成严重的经济损失，而且会严重威胁人类的健康。     

农贸市场沙门氏菌污染监测及其耐药性研究

沙门氏菌是引起人畜共患疾病的重要肠道病原菌,也是在我国引起细菌性食物中毒位居首位的食源性致病菌。沙门氏菌属中有少数血清型对人有致病性,如伤寒沙门氏菌(S·typhi);另一些血清型只引起动物疾病,如鸡伤寒沙门氏菌(S·gallinarum)、鸭沙门氏菌(S·anatum);有些血清型则引起人畜共患病,如猪霍乱伤寒沙门氏菌(S·cholerar)和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌(S·typimurium)。引起人类的疾病主要有伤寒、副伤寒、胃肠炎和败血症。引起动物的疾病主要有马流产、鸡白痢、伤寒和副伤寒等。本试验的目的是调查农贸市场环境中沙门氏菌污染情况及其血清型,同时…     

江苏扬州某蛋种鸡场沙门氏菌耐药性调查与分析

<正>沙门氏菌为肠杆菌科沙门氏菌属成员,引起的鸡白痢、禽伤寒及禽副伤寒等是鸡常见的细菌性传染病,可导致鸡生产性能和繁殖能力下降,甚至急性死亡,给养禽业造成严重的经济损失。在引起禽副伤寒的众多沙门氏菌中,鼠伤寒沙门氏菌、肠炎沙门氏菌、海德堡沙门氏菌等是导致人类食物中毒的最为常见病原菌,具有重要的公共卫生意义。     

兰州地区鸡沙门氏菌病病原分离与鉴定

鸡沙门氏菌病包括鸡白痢、鸡伤寒和鸡副伤寒3个疫病,鸡白痢是由鸡白痢沙门氏菌所引起;鸡伤寒是由鸡伤寒沙门氏菌所引起;鸡副伤寒是由多种沙门氏菌所引起。目前已知的沙门氏菌有1700多种,也有报告约2000个血清型,其中能引起鸡副伤寒者主要有10     

鸡沙门氏菌病的诊治

鸡沙门氏菌病是由沙门氏杆菌引起的一种常见多发病,包括鸡白痢杆菌病、鸡副伤寒、鸡伤寒等病,严重危害鸡的健康,常常给养鸡场造成严重经济损失。由于可以垂直传播,因此,发病率极高。由鸡白痢沙门氏杆菌引起的称为鸡白痢,由鸡伤寒沙门氏杆菌引起的称为鸡伤寒。由有鞭毛能运动的沙门氏杆菌引起的禽类疾病统称为鸡副伤寒。     

鸡沙门氏菌病的诊治

鸡沙门氏菌病是由沙门氏杆菌引起的一种常见多发病,包括鸡白痢杆菌病、鸡副伤寒、鸡伤寒等病,严重危害鸡的健康,常常给养鸡场造成严重经济损失。由于可以垂直传播,因此,发病率极高。由鸡白痢沙门氏杆菌引起的称为鸡白痢,由鸡伤寒沙门氏杆菌引起的称为鸡伤寒。由有鞭毛能运动的沙门氏杆菌引起的禽类疾病统称为鸡副伤寒。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.