桑树四倍体品种团桑11号的选育

利用人工诱导创造的桑树多倍体品系为亲本材料,选育适合四川蚕区栽植的优质、高产和抗逆性强的桑树品种。从引进的化学诱导桑树四倍体材料国桑21号的植株中,选择出目标性状优良的株系,再经过株系选育和品种比较鉴定试验,育成人工同源四倍体桑树品种团桑11号。新品种2009—2012年在四川省多点进行的区域适应性鉴定试验中与二倍体对照品种湖桑32号相比,桑园单位面积产叶量增产27.88%,桑叶养蚕的万头茧层量提高4.60%,100 kg桑叶产茧量提高4.02%,表现出多倍体桑树品种生长旺盛、叶片肥厚、米条长产叶量高、秋叶硬化迟等特性,并且具有耐干旱和对桑黑枯型疫病的较强抵抗力等特点。新品种于2013年通过四川省农作物品种审定委员会审定,适于在四川省及其他相似生态条件蚕区的平原、丘陵和山区缓坡地栽植。     

"天达-2116"叶面肥在桑树上的应用初报

探讨了在桑树上喷施“天达－2116”叶面肥对桑树产叶量以及对家蚕产茧量和茧质的影响。试验结果表明,桑树喷施一定浓度的“天达－2116”能促进桑树叶片生长,提高桑树产叶量,增产幅度为10.1％－18.7％。养蚕叶质调查也表明喷施区茧质及产量相仿且对蚕无健康性影响。     

桑树新品种7946及配套栽培技术

桑树新品种7946产叶量高,叶质好,发芽势强,枝条直立,节间较密,片叶率高,是适合条桑收获的优良新品种。1 桑树新品种7946的主要性状7946是选择我国栽培面积最大的湖桑32号作为母本,山东的地方品种黑鲁采桑作为父本,通过人工杂交、单株筛选、品种比较试验、区域性试验等程序,历经20年选育而成。该品种发芽率高,生长势旺,产叶量春季比湖桑32号提高25%—30%,全年提高20%左右;叶质好,万蚕产茧量、万蚕茧层量、吨桑产茧量、吨桑茧层量等指标高于湖桑32号2%以上。单位面积产茧量提高22.13%,茧层量提高21.4%。用7946饲育原蚕单蛾产     

人工无性系四倍体品种圃桑11号选育初报

引进由二倍体品种国桑21号（2n=2x=28）嫁接苗诱导的四倍体植株若干枝段,经单芽嫁接进行株系比较,其中看到编号为国桑21号4x-1的株系枝长叶大,再经系统选择育成无性系四倍体桑品种圃桑11号（2n=4x=56）。经品试园多年栽培和养蚕鉴定表明,该品种发芽率高,生长旺盛,与二倍体对照种荷叶白相比,单位桑园面积产叶量增产26．7％,桑叶养蚕的万蚕产茧量提高3．8％,万蚕茧层量提高4．5％,100kg桑产茧量提高5．5％;抗逆性强,叶片肥大,采叶省工,实属综合性状优良,高产性能稳定的人工无性系四倍体桑品种。     

桑树优良新品种云桑5号的选育初报

云南省蚕区具有明显的高原立体气候,选育适应云南蚕区种植的优质、高产桑树新品种,对于云南蚕桑产业的可持续发展具有重要意义。利用云南蚕区现行优良桑树品种及优异桑种质资源作为亲本材料,采用杂交和化学诱导染色体加倍的方法,育成人工同源四倍体桑树新品种云桑5号。新品种于2015—2017年在云南省多点进行区域适应性种植试验,在草坝镇试验点的单位面积产叶量比对照桑品种湖桑32号和农桑14号分别增产42.63%和19.01%,桑叶养蚕的万头蚕产茧量和茧层率与2个对照品种比较均无显著差异;新品种在永仁县、巧家县、陆良县、楚雄市和鹤庆县按照当地的栽植模式其产叶量较农桑14号高出16.08%~18.75%。新品种还具有发芽期早、发条力强、生长旺盛、叶片肥厚等特性,但对桑褐斑病和桑白粉病的抵抗力稍弱,需要及时采摘适熟叶以降低病害的影响。     

宁夏固原地区桑树良种的引进试验

通过对引进的十个桑树品种形态和物候期及生长规律的观察、经济性状特性、产叶量的详细测定，选出越冬性强、发条数多、叶片重、单株产叶量高、叶质好的“选792”、“湖桑32”两个优良桑树品种。“选792”、“湖桑32”四年生单株产叶量分别达2．62公斤和2．33公斤，1／15公顷产叶量分别达1455公斤和1295公斤，已在宁南山区首批推广133．3公顷。     

桑树多倍体杂交组合叶质养蚕测试分析

对2个桑树试验圃共44个多倍体杂交组合的叶质进行养蚕鉴定试验,结果表明:与对照区(沙2×伦109)相比,大部分桑树多倍体杂交组合饲养的蚕儿食欲强、蚕体较大、发育较快、5龄期缩短;第10号试验圃有8个杂交组合、第11号试验圃有6个杂交组合的叶质成绩较优。两个桑树试验圃的百公斤桑叶产茧量、百公斤桑叶茧层量和万头蚕产茧量3个数量性状的方差分析表明在各个杂交组合间存在极显著差异。     

桑树新品种农桑12,农桑14的增产试验

选栽优良的桑树品种,是提高公顷桑园产叶量和蚕茧产质量的重要因素,由浙江省农科院蚕桑研究所育成的桑树新品种农桑１２、农桑１４,具有生长快、投产早、生长期长、桑叶硬化迟,抗多种桑树病害,尤其抗桑蓟马、红蜘蛛等桑树害虫,是综合性状优良的桑树新品种。为了探讨两个桑树新品种的增产能力,我场于１９９６年１月从省农科院引进了这两个桑树新品种,并与现今在浙江省大面积种植的桑树品种荷叶白作对比试验调查,并于１９９９年春、秋二季作了产叶量调查,现把试验结果报告如下。ｌ 材料与方法１．１ 供试地点 在本场的九里桑园,属…     

三倍体桑树新品种鲁插1号的选育

以优质、高产、发根力强、抗寒、耐旱为桑树新品种的选育目标,选择人工四倍体桑树品种鲁诱1号为母本,二倍体桑树品种育2号为父本,通过杂交育种的方法,选育出三倍体桑树新品种鲁插1号。新品种的主要性状特点是:中生中熟,节间较密,叶片肥大,长势旺盛,全年产叶量比对照品种湖桑32号提高18.21%;叶质优良,万蚕收茧量比对照品种提高6.5%;有较强的抗寒耐旱性能;发根力强,适宜硬枝扦插。新品种已通过北方蚕业科研协作区桑树品种审定,在农村中试和扩大试验中均表现出突出的丰产性能,并可扦插育苗,适合在黄河流域蚕区栽植。     

北方蚕区第一批桑品种鉴定主要成绩及稳定性分析

桑树品种的选用，既要注意丰产性、优质性，又要注意稳定性。本文对北方蚕区第一批鉴定的桑品种进行了产量、叶质及稳定性分析，为桑品的推广提供参考。I材料与方法［．1供试材料材料来自1990～1995年北方蚕区第一批桑见种协作鉴定试验。参试品种有：山东省蚕研所w7946、7934，山西省蚕研所的晋选1号，陕西省若研所的871、7435，河北省蚕研所的黄鲁选、禾桑。以湖桑32号为对照品种。1．2试验方法试验按照农业部（肥）农（农）字印号文《全国桑树品种审定条例）｝，以及《北方蚕区桑树品种共同鉴定工作细则》实施。1．3分析方法应用Eberhart…     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.