一起鸵鸟大肠杆菌病例的诊治

<正>大肠杆菌的致病菌株可以感染多种哺乳动物和禽类,在禽类多见于鸡、火鸡和鸭。雏鸵鸟大肠杆菌病也是引起雏鸵鸟死亡的病因之一,特别是建场时间长、防疫条件差的鸵鸟场,发病更为普遍。现将广西某鸵鸟场发生的一起鸵鸟大肠杆菌病的诊治情况介绍如下。     

鸵鸟大肠杆菌病的病因分析及其防治

近年来,各种细菌性疾病对鸵鸟养殖业的危害越来越大,特别是大肠杆菌,这是目前对鸵鸟养殖影响较大的疾病之一,为了防止该病的进一步发生,提高种蛋高孵化率、雏鸵鸟成活,减小发病率,对陕西英考鸵鸟股份有限公司近几年来鸵鸟从种源、孵化及育雏等环节做系统分析,结果发现鸵鸟大肠杆菌存在原发性感染和继发生性感染。只有采取综合性的防治措施才是成功治疗本病的关键。     

浅谈雏鸵鸟的饲养管理

雏鸵鸟是指三个月龄以内的小鸵鸟.雏鸵鸟的各项生理机能尚不健全,机体抵抗力差,对环境温、湿度的变化敏感,饲养管理不到位将影响雏鸵鸟的成活率和健雏率.鸵鸟是广西的外来品种,目前在广西发展迅速.但是在南方高温高湿气候下,雏鸵鸟的饲养管理一直面临多方面的问题.本文就本人工作经历谈谈提高雏鸵鸟成活率和健雏率的一些方法和体会,不足之处请指正.     

雏鸵鸟大肠杆菌病的诊断与防治

报道了长春市某舵鸟养殖场2001年发生的雏舵鸟的大肠杆菌病，主要从临床症，病理剖检和实验室三个方面对本病进行诊断，对患病鸵鸟隔离，药物预防，场区消毒，结果证明蒽诺杀星，氯霉素和复方禽菌灵对雏鸵鸟大肠杆菌有很好的治疗效果。     

雏鸵鸟大肠杆菌病的诊治

西安市某鸵鸟场出壳后5日龄前后雏鸵鸟发生了一种以严重下痢并伴有大量死亡为特征的传染病,经实验室诊断确诊为大肠杆菌病,现将情况报告如下.     

一起雏鸵鸟感染禽致病性大肠杆菌的诊治体会

<正>致病性大肠杆菌常经呼吸道途径感染，导致家禽发病率、死亡率升高，对禽养殖业造成巨大的经济损失^[1]。2022年6月，广西某市某鸵鸟养殖场的雏鸵鸟出现疑似上述病原感染病例，将病例送至广西壮族自治区兽医研究所，相关科技人员经临床诊断、病理解剖及实验室检测，诊断为致病性大肠杆菌感染。本文介绍此起疫情的发病情况、实验室检测以及防治措施，供同行参考。1 发病情况2022年6月，广西某市某鸵鸟养殖场14日龄左右雏鸵鸟陆续发病。     

雏鸵鸟霉菌性肺炎和大肠杆菌合并感染的诊治

禽类霉菌性肺炎，是由曲霉菌引起的一种常见的真菌病。雏禽极易发生，并呈急性暴发，常会造成大批死亡。大肠杆菌病是禽类的常见传染病之一，传播力强，死亡率高。本病一年四季均可发生，在多雨、潮湿和闷热的季节多发，雏鸵鸟也可感染，在2010年8月15日，我市某“鸟语林公园”，发生一起雏鸵鸟霉菌性肺炎和大肠杆菌合并感染病例，笔者进行了诊断和治疗，现将诊治经过介绍如下，以供参考。     

鸵鸟大肠杆菌病的诊治

我市某集团公司属下一大型非洲鸵鸟养殖场于2002年6月中旬至7月上旬期间，因为高温、多雨、潮湿气候而诱发种鸵鸟所产种蛋受精率、孵化率下降；雏鸵鸟从出壳到2月龄之间的健雏率明显下降。经我所组织兽医技术人员深入现场进行流行病学调查、临床剖检、实验室检验，最终确诊为鸵鸟大肠杆菌病。现将本次病例诊治情况报告如下。     

雏鸵鸟腿病诱发原因及预防（上）

腿病是雏鸵鸟培育过程中常见的病,其发病率可高达30％以上,死淘率达25％以上,不少的鸵鸟养殖场为此蒙受重大损失。笔者就实践中发现的问题,对雏鸵鸟腿病诱发原因及预防介绍如下: 一、引起雏鸵鸟腿病的原因 病毒性疾病引起的腿病: 1.病毒性关节炎 由呼肠孤病毒引起,通常导致雏鸵鸟的跛行。病毒性关节炎、腱鞘炎,生长受阻,随着     

雏鸵鸟泄殖腔脱出整复术

鸵鸟泄殖腔脱出是指泄殖腔通过肛门脱出体外不能缩回原位的一种常见的外科疾病.此病主要发生于雏鸵鸟. 1 发病原因引起鸵鸟泄殖腔脱出的原因有多种,如腹泻可使雏鸵鸟容易发生结肠泄殖腔脱出;富含蛋白质及能量的饲料可能是引起泄殖腔脱出的一个原因;雏鸵鸟在进行性别鉴定过程中,对肛门进行粗鲁的操作,也可引起短暂的肿胀及泄殖腔脱出;另处,便秘、泄殖腔炎、粘液囊炎、鸟舍及垫料过潮也可引起泄殖腔脱出;南非的研究人员发现,肠道和法氏囊隐孢子虫感染严重的病鸵鸟也会发生泄殖腔脱出.     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.