ABT生根粉对烤烟生理生化特性及产量,品质的影响研究

用不同浓度的ＡＢＴ生根粉在烤烟生长前期喷施叶面后，对烤烟的叶片，根系中的一些生理生化特性及烤后烟叶的产量，品质进行研究和分析，结果表明，采用１５ｍｇ／ｌ浓度的ＡＢＴ生根粉４号，在烤烟移栽前１０天及移栽后２０天进行叶面喷施，烤烟根系生长少体积，干重，ＡＴＰ含量，游离氨基酸总量及与烟碱合成的游离氨基酸含量最高，叶片中叶绿素含量和光合作用速率等性状均优于其他处理，烤后烟叶的品质最佳，产量及上中等烟比例最     

矮牵牛的快速繁殖技术

以矮牵牛为试材,筛选了快速繁殖优良苗木时的最适基本培养基浓度及激素条件．结果表明分化培养时的最适培养基为１／４ ＭＳ＋ ＢＡ０ ．５ ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＢＡ０ ．０２ ｍｇ／Ｌ;增殖培养时为ＭＳ＋ ＢＡ０ ．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ ＩＢＡ０ ．２ ｍｇ／Ｌ;诱导根系培养时为１／２ ＭＳ＋ ＩＢＡ０ ．５ ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ 活性炭１００ ｍｇ／Ｌ．生根培养基中添加活性炭有效地促进了矮牵牛根系的生长和发育,同时促进了叶片和茎的分化生长．     

脱落酸与胡杨抗盐性的关系

为模拟胡杨根系受盐胁迫时引起ＡＢＡ水平上升的生理作用,用一定浓度的ＮａＣｌ,ＡＢＡ和玉米素单独和联合施入胡杨的根系环境。发现：ＡＢＡ处理和ＮａＣｌ处理都能迅速引起气孔阻力上升,并且两者的作用有加合性。     

干旱胁迫下沙地樟子松脱落酸变化及生理响应

土壤水分是限制沙地樟子松生长发育的关键因子，采用根系渗透胁迫法（ＰＥＧ处理）和盆栽干旱处理，以幼苗根素及叶片中脱落酸（ＡＢＡ）含量的累积作幼苗对干旱胁迫响应的指示剂。模拟沙地樟子松幼苗对干旱胁迫的生理生态响应，在干旱胁迫下，根部和叶片ＡＢＡ可迅速积累，但叶片ＡＢＡ累积较根部滞后；同时测定干旱胁迫下气孔导度，蒸腾速度，净光合速率，认为ＡＢＡ增加可降低气孔导度，并伴随蒸腾速率，净光合速率下降，１％土壤水量可能是沙地樟子松幼苗干旱胁迫的临界值，低于此临界值，幼苗生长受到限制。     

不同根系调节剂对烟草烟碱及钾素分布的动态影响

采用盆栽试验,研究了ＡＢＴ４,ＦＡ及ＦｅＳＯ４ ３种营养调节剂对烟草根系活力、烟碱合成、Ｋ素吸收与分布的影响,结果表明,烟草根系活力的动态变化呈双峰曲线,根系及叶片的烟碱含量与根系活力的趋势相同,即在移栽后３０ｄ有一高峰,然后缓慢下降,到移栽后７０ｄ又开始上升,烟草根、茎、叶中Ｋ素含量的变化趋势一致,在整个生育期内均呈下降趋势,调根剂ＡＢＴ４,ＦＡ,ＦｅＳＯ４对根系活力、Ｋ素吸收和烟碱合成均有促进     

6—BA对油茶离体叶片衰老的延缓作用

在照光和黑暗条件下研究了不同浓度的６－ＢＡ和ＧＡ＋６－ＢＡ混合剂处理对油茶离体叶片衰老的影响．结果表明,在光条件下６－ＢＡ可以保持叶片细胞的超氧歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性（为对照的１２９％）,降低了膜脂过氧化产物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）的积累（为对照的４７％）,延缓叶绿素和蛋白质的降解．说明６－ＢＡ有延缓叶片衰老的作用,在黑暗条件下上述生理指标的水平较低,表明光对６－ＢＡ的作用有一定的增益效应．ＧＡ＋６－ＢＡ混合剂处理没有明显效果     

苹果与八棱海棠的试管苗外植体植株再生

苹果品种（新乔纳金、嘎拉）及八棱海堂的试管苗外植体（叶片、叶柄、节间茎段）,在附加ＢＡ与ＮＡＡ的ＭＳ培养基上,均能分化不定芽。基中在ＢＡ４ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ浓度组合的ＭＳ培养基上,嘎拉与枚棱海棠叶片的再生频率达到１００％。八棱海棠叶片再生苗在附加ＩＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的１／２ＭＳ培养基上生根效果最好。     

切花菊组织培养快速繁殖技术

在ＭＳ培养基基础上，添加不同种类和浓度的激素，对切花菊进行组织培养快速繁殖技术的研究，外植体分别为腋芽，茎段，花蕾，叶片，叶炳。其中以带芽茎段，叶柄和腋芽的增殖效果较好，诱导不定芽的培养基以ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ不定芽的发生率最高。不定根的诱导以１／２ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ生根率达１００％，根系发达，适宜的温度、较高的湿度和控制杂菌是提高组培苗移栽成活率的重要因素。     

后期喷施BA和ABA对水稻灌浆生理的影响

水稻后期叶面喷施ＢＡ能改善水稻后期叶片衰老进程，促进水稻弱势粒代谢，改善弱势粒灌浆充实，降低水稻空秕率；适宜浓度外源ＡＢＡ也能够促进水稻籽粒灌浆充实，减少空秕率。     

硼钙营养对柠檬幼苗光合生理及根系活力的影响

采用二因素五水平回归最优设计、砂培，两种ｐＨ环境（ｐＨ１５．６～５．８，ｐＨ２７．６～７．８），研究了Ｂ，Ｃａ不同浓度对柠檬幼苗生长、叶片叶绿素含量、光合强度及根系活力的影响，建立了相应的数学模型。结果表明，Ｂ，Ｃａ缺乏或过量降低叶绿素含量和光合强度。叶绿素含量最大时的叶Ｃａ／Ｂ分别为ｐＨ１下４９１，ｐＨ２下２９３；光合强度最大时的叶Ｃａ／Ｂ分别为ｐＨ１下５２５，ｐＨ２下２８５。Ｂ，Ｃａ浓度适量下降提高了根系活力，而Ｂ，Ｃａ浓度过量抑制了其活力，碱性环境的根系活力明显低于酸性环境。     

Drought-Induced Changes in Xylem Sap pH,ABA and Stomatal Conductance

Upstream signals potentially regulating evaporation and stomatal conductance were investigated using 6-8-leaf-old maize(Zea may L.)seedlings which were grown in a greenhouse.Pressure chamber was used to measure leaf water potential and to collect xylem sap.The pH of xylem sap in stems was higher than that in root,and the abscisic acid(ABA)concentration in stems was the highest in well-watered seedlings.The ABA concentration and pH of xylem sap in roots,stems and leaves increased,and the ABA concentration in leaves reached the maximum during drought stress.The treatment of roots with exogenous ABA solution(100 μmol L-1)increased xylem sap ABA concentration in all organs measured,and induced stomatal closure,but did not change ABA distribution among organs of maize seedlings.The combined effects of external pH buffer on pH,ABA of xylem sap and stomatal behavior indicated that pH,as a root-source signal to leaves under drought stress,regulated stomatal closure through accumulating ABA in leaves or guard cells.     

Loss of Responsiveness to Osmotic Stress in Maize Root： the Effect of Water Channel Blocker HgCl2

In order to investigate the effect of water channel blocker HgCl2 on the hydraulic resistance in roots of maize seedlings, a xylem pressure probe was used to monitor the changes in root xylem pressure in response to NaCl- or mannitol-induced osmotic stresses before and after the application of HgCl2. When the maize roots were subjected to 500 umol L-1 HgCl2 in root bathing solution, not only a considerable decline in xylem pressure （increase in xylem tension） was observed, but the loss of responsiveness of the plant to both salt- and mannitol-induced osmotic stresses in terms of xylem pressure change was seen as well when the transpiration rate of the plant was not significantly changed. The results are similar but different from the reversed osmosis by the Fenton reaction in the internodes of Chara coralline, showing that the mechanisms of water transport across cell membrane in plant roots are far more complicated than expected.     

元宝枫木质部栓塞化与木质部汁液激素含量的关系

通过盆栽法,对1 a生元宝枫实生苗进行不同的干旱处理,然后应用冲洗法和ELISA法对其枝条的木质部栓塞和木质部汁液中ABA及IAA含量进行了研究.结果表明,元宝枫枝条的木质部栓塞化与木质部汁液中ABA含量呈正相关、与木质部汁液中IAA含量呈负相关、与木质部汁液中ABA/IAA比值呈显著正相关.     

ALA改变了油菜幼苗体内ABA的含量

[目的]本文的目的是为了揭示ALA处理对冬油菜（Brassica napus L.）幼苗生长的影响及作用机理。[方法]采用营养液培养的方法研究ALA溶液浸种对中双9号油菜幼苗生长及体内ABA含量的影响。实验设置4个处理,分别用0、25、50和75mg/LALA（CK、A1、A2和A3）溶液浸种6h。[结果]除了A3处理使油菜幼苗干重轻微降低之外,ALA浸种使油菜幼苗（根系和地上部）干重、净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度较对照显著增加。与对照相比,ALA浸种使油菜幼苗体内和木质部伤流液中ABA含量出现不同程度的增加。[结论]提高体内ABA含量可能是ALA浸种处理促进冬油菜幼苗在冬前低温阶段生长的主要原因。     

脱落酸调节植物根系补偿生长机制分析

植物根系不仅是植物吸收水分和矿质营养的重要器官,而且可以感知外界各种胁迫刺激从而调控植物的生长发育。植物激素脱落酸作为一种重要的根源逆境信号参与植物生长发育诸多生理过程调控,活性氧、活性氮以及钙离子等作为脱落酸的下游信号参与脱落酸诸多信号转导过程。就植物激素脱落酸和其下游信号活性氧、活性氮以及钙离子等在植物根系生长发育中调节方面的研究进展进行概述,以提出根源逆境信号脱落酸参与根系补偿生长的可能性,并构建脱落酸调节根系补偿生长的基本模式。     

ABA对Cd胁迫水稻根系生长发育的调节研究

[目的]研究ABA对Cd胁迫下水稻根系生长发育的调节。[方法]以中花11号水稻为材料,分析在Cd、Cd＋ABA和Cd＋ABA抑制剂复合处理条件下,水稻根系生长发育的变化。[结果]外源ABA缩短了水稻初生根以及不定根的长度,且明显抑制了初生根和不定根上侧根的形成,ABA也明显缩短了根毛到根尖的距离,但对不定根的数量影响不大。[结论]ABA参与了Cd胁迫下水稻根系生长发育的调节。     

软枣猕猴桃的解剖学研究

软枣猕猴桃为猕猴桃科的一种野生经济植物.本文对其进行了解剖学研究,并对叶片和花粉进行了扫描电镜的观察,并与本属的其他种作了比较分析.研究结果表明,根的初生木质部为二原型,在次生结构中存在特殊的环带状中柱鞘细胞;根、茎的次生结构中木薄壁组织为多种类型;木射线为异形Ⅰ和异形Ⅱ。次生韧皮部的筛管具复筛板,无伴胞,为双子叶木本植物型等补充了前人对猕猴桃科报道的不足,并为其引种、栽培等提供理论根据.     

野生大豆AP2/RAV亚家族转录因子GsRAV3负调控拟南芥对ABA的敏感性

RAV亚家族蛋白包括1个AP2 DNA结合域和1个B3 DNA结合域。研究表明,GsRAV3是植物响应碱和ABA胁迫的重要调节因子。在碱和ABA处理下,野生大豆根系GsRAV3基因被诱导上调表达。与野生型相比,超量表达野生大豆GsRAV3的拟南芥在ABA胁迫下种子萌发状况和幼苗鲜重指标表现良好,对ABA敏感性降低。进一步研究表明,GsRAV3基因超量表达显著影响ABA合成和应答相关基因表达量。此外,GsRAV3定位于植物细胞核中,但在酵母细胞中未表现出明显的转录激活活性。综上所述,GsRAV3可能通过影响ABA合成及应答相关基因转录水平降低植物对外源ABA敏感性,表明GsRAV3在种子萌发和幼苗早期ABA信号传递过程中发挥重要作用。     

嫁接对薄皮甜瓜光合特性、伤流液激素和产量的影响

试验选用玉美人薄皮甜瓜(Cucumis melo L.)做接穗,以圣砧1号白子南瓜为砧木进行嫁接,以自根苗为对照,研究嫁接对薄皮甜瓜的光合特性、伤流液中激素和产量的影响.结果表明,嫁接明显地增加了薄皮甜瓜的总叶面积,其茎蔓生长明显快于自根植株.各个时期嫁接植株的各器官的干物重均高于自根植株.但嫁接对薄皮甜瓜叶片中叶绿素的含量影响不大,并且对植株生长发育各时期的功能叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度及胞间CO2浓度影响不明显.因此,嫁接主要是通过扩大植株的总叶面积来提高植株的光合速率的.伤流液中玉米素(ZT)、赤霉素(GAs)和脱落酸(ABA)的浓度均低于自根植株,但ZT和GAs的含量高于自根苗,而ABA的含量低于自根苗.嫁接植株的增产效果显著,其平均单瓜重和公顷产量均高于自根植株.     

Study on Variation of Endogenous Hormonesat the Germinating Stage of Tea Spring Shoot

An HPLC method was used to analyze the contents and variation of IAA, GA3, ABA and ZT at five stages around the tea shoot germinating in spring. The contents of GA3 and ABA had a top value during the winter and decreased with the growth of tea shoots, while the contents of IAA and ZT had a low value during the winter and increased quickly at the beginning of shoot growth, but soon afterwards increased slowly or decreesed a little. The ratio of hormones was closely related to the growth of tea plant. The study indicated that the ratlos of GA3 to ABA and IAA to ABA were at low values during the winter and went up with the shoot germinating. When the activity of roots was weak, the ratio of ZT to IAA had a top value, but went down gradually with lmmriant activity of roots. The ratio d GA3 to ZT had a certain relativity with the shoot germinating, which was at a top value during the winter but went down suddenly at the begin-ning of shoot gerrminating.